tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-48835201325021242024-02-18T20:38:54.108-08:00MIRACULUM MUNDImirabile visu 精彩被看到 miraculous to see
<br>mirabile dictu 精彩被诉说 miraculous to tellBambang Puryantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11561929982352308329noreply@blogger.comBlogger59125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4883520132502124.post-48124002291896270432011-06-18T13:16:00.000-07:002011-06-18T13:18:14.340-07:00MAKANAN OTAK 8 - Brain Boosting Foods<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><h1><a href="http://miraculummundi.blogspot.com/2011/06/makanan-otak-8-brain-boosting-foods.html">MAKANAN OTAK 8 - Brain Boosting Foods</a></h1><br />
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"> <h1>Beauty Tip: Brain Boosters</h1><h2>Are there certain foods I can eat to improve memory and alertness? </h2><div class="meta group"> <div class="byline">By <a href="http://www.elle.com/elle_custom/author_search?author=Emily+Hebert"> Emily Hebert </a></div></div><hr color="#FFFFCC" noshade="noshade" width="500" /> </td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"> <div align="center"> <a href="http://www.elle.com/var/ezflow_site/storage/images/elle/beauty/health-fitness/beauty-tip-brain-boosters/3516141-1-eng-US/Beauty-Tip-Brain-Boosters_articleimage.jpg"> <img alt="Cauliflower brain boosting foods " height="421" src="http://www.elle.com/var/ezflow_site/storage/images/elle/beauty/health-fitness/beauty-tip-brain-boosters/3516141-1-eng-US/Beauty-Tip-Brain-Boosters_articleimage.jpg" style="border: 0px;" title="Cauliflower brain boosting foods " width="355" /></a> </div><div align="center"> </div><div align="justify" class="img-about"> With summer in full swing, it’s no wonder you get distracted at work by gazing longingly out the window. But thankfully there are foods you can snack on during the day to help keep daydreaming to a minimum. The next time you get the urge to eat junk food, opt for these healthful brain boosters instead.</div><h2 align="justify"><b> Whole-Grain Cereal and Orange Juice</b> </h2><div align="justify">Start your day out right by eating whole grain cereal and drinking a glass of orange juice for breakfast; both are rich in folic acid (also known as folate), which has been shown to contribute to better memory and faster information processing. For midday munching, you can get folate from foods like soybeans, green peas, broccoli, and lentils.</div><h2 align="justify"><b>Cauliflower and Peanuts</b> </h2><div align="justify">A recent study done by McLean Hospital, an affiliate of Harvard Medical School, suggests that taking a minimum of 500mg of citicoline supplements a day can help boost mental energy and efficacy. Citicoline, a natural substance found in all living cells, can also be ingested via cauliflower and peanuts—both are sources of choline, which is converted to citicoline in the brain. </div><h2 align="justify"><b>Broccoli, Sprouts, and Spinach</b> </h2><div align="justify">When ordering your salad at lunchtime, be sure to include these veggies; a 25-year Harvard Medical School study of more than 13,000 women showed that participants who ate cruciferous and leafy greens retained their memory best. The more you eat of these vegetables, the better!</div><h2 align="justify"><b>Berries, Grapes, and Plums</b> </h2><div align="justify">In terms of fruit, berries have some of the highest concentrations of antioxidants. Plus, they’re packed with anthocyanin, a phytochemical that may help reverse age-related memory loss and protect against the breakdown of brain cells. Quercetin, another phytochemical, produces similarly beneficial results. Blueberries, red apples, and darker-colored grapes (red, black, and purple) are superpowerful, as they contain both of these flavonoids. </div><h2 align="justify"><b>Salmon and Sardines</b> </h2><div align="justify">Numerous studies have revealed the memory-boosting properties of omega-3 fatty acid and certain fish—namely salmon, mackerel, sardines, and herring—are full of omega-3s. Eating these kinds of fish at least once a week will keep you thinking younger—three years younger, to be precise (a study by Rush University Medical Center in Chicago found that men and women who ate fish at this frequency had memory functions equivalent to a person three years their junior). Not a fan of fish? Consider taking fish-oil supplements instead.</div><hr color="#FFFFCC" noshade="noshade" width="500" /> </td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;"> <a href="http://www.elle.com/Beauty/Health-Fitness/Beauty-Tip-Brain-Boosters"> http://www.elle.com/Beauty/Health-Fitness/Beauty-Tip-Brain-Boosters</a> </span><br />
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</div>Bambang Puryantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11561929982352308329noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4883520132502124.post-50496239531097062592011-06-18T11:45:00.001-07:002011-06-18T12:48:38.907-07:00MAKANAN OTAK 7 - Brain Boosting Foods<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><h1><a href="http://miraculummundi.blogspot.com/2011/06/makanan-otak-7-brain-boosting-foods.html">MAKANAN OTAK 7 - Brain Boosting Foods</a></h1><br />
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"> <h1><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">11 Brain Boosters</span></h1><hr color="#FFFFCC" noshade="noshade" width="500" /> </td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"> <div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">While there is no fountain of youth for the brain, neuroscience provides evidence for the next best thing. There are lots of things you can do right now to preserve, protect and enhance your gray matter. One hint: If you're already a devotee of a heart-healthy lifestyle, you're way ahead of the game. What's good for the heart is probably good for your head. That's twice the motivation and payoff.</span></div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="center"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> <a href="http://blstb.msn.com/i/8B/E53FEDA9E937174BDF77CF5D8A6F8.jpg"> <img alt="Brain Boosters // Salmon (© Sian Irvine/Dorling Kindersley/Getty Images)" height="214" src="http://blstb.msn.com/i/8B/E53FEDA9E937174BDF77CF5D8A6F8.jpg" width="300" /></a> </span> </div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><h2> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> <strong>1. Foods for thought—and memory.</strong></span></h2><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">We are what we eat, the old adage goes. When it comes to brain fitness, eating certain types of food can improve and preserve our sharp-as-a-tack selves. </span> </div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">The strategy: Keep unhealthy fats to a minimum (no more than 20 percent of calories). Sticking to a Mediterranean style diet—lots of fresh fruits and vegetables, a minimum of red meat, plenty of fish, daily wine—is paramount.</span></div><div align="justify"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">Research shows cellular stress caused by oxidation can lead to cognitive declines. Choose dark-colored fruits and vegetables, including apricots, cantaloupes, watermelon, mangos, kale, chard, spinach and broccoli. Eating these foods increases the production of acetylcholine, a vital chemical released from nerve cells that improves communication between cells.</span></div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">Salmon, mackerel, tuna, sardines and herring also give your brain a boost. What's key about these types of fish is their omega-3 fatty acids, specifically one called DHA, which is an essential component of neural cell membranes that helps to transmit information into and out of those membranes. </span> </div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">Brains are made up of about 60 percent fat, but the fuel they rely on is glucose, a simple sugar. To give your brain ample energy, eat complex carbohydrates such as brown rice, bulgur, quinoa, whole-wheat pasta and couscous. Whole grains are superior because they break down more slowly and don't cause big upswings in insulin production, which can cause a number of health problems associated with poor mental performance.</span></div><br />
<div align="center"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> <a href="http://blstb.msn.com/i/60/BBF377A9BD9D3BAAC5B4DFC75A83C9.jpg"> <img alt="Brain Boosters // Vitamins (© Getty Images)" height="300" src="http://blstb.msn.com/i/60/BBF377A9BD9D3BAAC5B4DFC75A83C9.jpg" width="300" /></a></span></div><br />
<h2><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"><strong>2. Supplemental strategy.</strong></span></h2><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">Because few among us consume sufficient quantities of healthful foods—how many eat sardines or even salmon three times a week?—most people need dietary supplements to ensure optimum mental function. Make sure your high-potency multivitamin has a sufficient amount of the substances your brain needs most to stay in top shape (or buy additional supplements). Among them:</span><br />
<h3><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"><strong>Folate:</strong></span></h3><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">A member of the B vitamin group, this nutrient is found naturally in legumes, kidneys, oranges and leafy green vegetables. Few Americans get enough in their diet, so make sure your intake is at least the recommended daily dose of 400 micrograms. One recent study showed that this level of folate provides a 55 percent reduction in the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. Another study found that people who took 800 micrograms a day did significantly better on memory tests. </span> </div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><h3><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"><strong>Other B vitamins:</strong></span></h3><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">Vitamins B6 and B12 are believed to be involved in the formation of the sheaths around nerve cells that contribute to communication between these cells. People with Alzheimer's often have reduced levels of B vitamins.</span></div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><h3><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"><strong>Vitamins C and E together:</strong></span></h3><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">A Johns Hopkins University study published in 2004 demonstrated that subjects who had the highest levels of these two antioxidants had a greatly reduced chance of contracting Alzheimer's. The most effective doses were 400 to 1,000 International Units of vitamin E, and 500 to 1,500 milligrams of vitamin C.</span></div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><h3><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"><strong>Omega-3 fats:</strong></span></h3><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">Eat at least two servings of tuna, salmon or sardines a week, but consider taking a supplement, too. Though there's no recommended amount, most fish oil pills provide plenty. Make sure that a third party has verified the oil is free from contaminants, such as mercury.</span></div><br />
<div align="center"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> <a href="http://blstb.msn.com/i/9B/77852EA6C59AFAB17770A79F64A295.jpg"> <img alt="Brain Boosters // Glass of red wine (© FoodCollection/age fotostock)" height="300" src="http://blstb.msn.com/i/9B/77852EA6C59AFAB17770A79F64A295.jpg" width="300" /></a></span></div><div align="center"><br />
</div><h2 align="justify"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> <strong> 3. Drinking and thinking.</strong></span></h2><div align="justify"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">Sip, don't guzzle, and ask for pinot noir.</span></div><div align="justify"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">Alcohol kills brain cells, and the more you drink the more brain cells are destroyed. So it's a no-brainer to keep your consumption in check—no more than a couple of drinks per day for a man or one drink for a woman.</span></div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">In these amounts, alcohol in any form—beer, wine or spirits—is beneficial to the brain. But if you're striving for optimum brain health, red wine should be your drink of choice. That's because it contains an abundance of a potent antioxidant called resveratrol, a type of polyphenol.</span></div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">Resveratrol, also found in berries and peanuts, is a compound produced by plants to ward off disease, in response to such stressors as fungus invasions, injury or infection. Reportedly, the wines with the most resveratrol are those made from pinot noir grapes. White wines, by contrast, contain less than 5 percent of the average amount of resveratrol found in red wines.</span></div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">One recent study presented convincing evidence that resveratrol prevents the buildup of plaques in the brain that snarl intercellular communication. These plaques are a signature of Alzheimer's disease. So in addition to reducing the risk for cancer and heart disease, red wine may also slow (but probably not prevent) the degeneration of neural processes. To your health! </span> </div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="center"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> <a href="http://blstb.msn.com/i/64/FEFC35F08D78AAA96F2F45AE3ACA.jpg"> <img alt="Brain Boosters // Aspirin (© Jeff Spielman/Getty Images)" height="214" src="http://blstb.msn.com/i/64/FEFC35F08D78AAA96F2F45AE3ACA.jpg" width="300" /></a></span></div><br />
<h2> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> <strong>4. Fitting the pill—aspirin and ibuprofen</strong>.</span></h2><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">The daily use of a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory—aspirin and ibuprofen are two of the most common—is considered by some researchers as a promising therapy for keeping the brain healthy in certain groups of older people. But they're not for everyone.</span></div><div align="justify"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">Evidence for the brain benefits of aspirin and ibuprofen comes from arthritis studies of people who regularly take significant doses of anti-inflammatory drugs. Researchers found an unanticipated effect: a reduction in the risk of Alzheimer's.</span></div><div align="justify"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">One study from the Netherlands, published in 2001, tracked 7,000 people for almost seven years. None had dementia at the start of the study. At the end, those who hadn't regularly taken an anti-inflammatory were six times more likely to be diagnosed with dementia than those who had.</span></div><div align="justify"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">Chronic inflammation is known to damage nerve tissues, and examinations of the brains of people with Alzheimer's have shown large areas of inflammation. So there appears to be a correlation between inflammation and dementia, though no one knows if the former causes the latter.</span></div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">While anti-inflammatories may be useful in maintaining brain health, it's too early to recommend their wholesale use. More research needs to be done. Doctors now advise daily aspirin therapy for people at high risk for heart disease, to prevent clotting that could lead to a heart attack or stroke. But serious side affects, such as bleeding ulcers and interference with other medications, can occur. Before starting such a program, you must discuss the pros and cons with your doctor.</span></div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="center"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> <a href="http://blstb.msn.com/i/BB/4C33BD6D4B87A1B2D9FC95646AC6D.jpg"> <img alt="Brain Boosters // Woman meditating (© John Lund/Sam Diephuis/Blend Images/Getty Images)" height="300" src="http://blstb.msn.com/i/BB/4C33BD6D4B87A1B2D9FC95646AC6D.jpg" width="300" /></a></span></div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><h2 align="justify"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> <strong>5. Minding your meditation.</strong></span></h2><div align="justify"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">You don't have to join a monastery or hire a guru to reap the substantial rewards of daily meditation. As little as 15 minutes a day may be enough—whether it's sitting in the car waiting to pick up your child from school or in a quiet room at lunchtime.</span></div><div align="justify"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">For several years now, western doctors have extolled the virtues of meditation in treating a number of medical conditions, including chronic pain and high blood pressure. The evidence for its effectiveness comes from several studies, including one showing that people with normal to high blood pressure who practiced daily meditation were 23 percent less likely to die—from any cause—than those who didn’t. Amazingly, meditation was more effective at preventing death than other more conventional non-drug therapies, such as exercise, weight loss and salt restriction.</span></div><div align="justify"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">Besides counteracting the kinds of cardiovascular ailments that can lead to poor brain function, meditation may also reduce levels of the stress hormone called cortisol. This chemical can wreak havoc with cognitive abilities such as memory recall.</span></div><div align="justify"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">But that's not all. A group of U.S. researchers recently found an association between meditation and an increase in the thickness of the cortex, the part of the brain that handles a variety of higher functions. This growth in density suggests that meditation, performed regularly, may put the brakes on the natural thinning of the cortex that takes place as we age.</span></div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="center"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> <a href="http://blstb.msn.com/i/63/82516C6181BD89FEBC4D2CFF26A4A.jpg"> <img alt="Brain Boosters // Man laughing (© Ryan McVay/Getty Images)" height="300" src="http://blstb.msn.com/i/63/82516C6181BD89FEBC4D2CFF26A4A.jpg" width="300" /></a></span></div><br />
<h2> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> <strong>6. Get on the laugh track. </strong></span></h2><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">It's long been said that laughter is the best medicine, and science keeps reaffirming the concept. Laughter reduces the stress hormone cortisol in your body; it relaxes your arteries so that cholesterol is less likely to build up; and it even engages you in a bit of exercise (belly laughs activate hundreds of muscles throughout your body).</span></div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">In one study, scientists at the University of Maryland performed an experiment in which subjects watched either a violent war film or a comedy. Before and after the film, the blood flow through the subjects' arteries was carefully measured. Increased flow, called vasodilation, is considered healthful, as it minimizes or prevents blockages that can cause heart attacks or strokes. Those who watched the stress-inducing war film had their blood flow rate drop by an average of 35 percent. But in the comedy-watching group, blood flow increased by 22 percent.</span></div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">This expansion in flow is equivalent to what you'd expect to find in someone who's exercised for about 30 minutes, the researchers reported. Scientists believe laughter may release endorphins, the "feel good" hormones associated with rigorous exercise. These hormones are known to cause blood vessel dilation.</span></div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">So laugh. It's a balm to your brain.</span></div><br />
<div align="center"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> <a href="http://blstb.msn.com/i/AA/9A259539BC94B3E43AAC446525F18.jpg"> <img alt="Brain Boosters // Women talking at a table (© Ryan McVay/Getty Images)" height="300" src="http://blstb.msn.com/i/AA/9A259539BC94B3E43AAC446525F18.jpg" width="300" /></a></span></div><br />
<h2 align="justify"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> <strong>7. Social studies.</strong></span></h2><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">All primates, including humans, are highly social animals. In a sense, our brains have spent a couple of million years fine-tuning themselves to the nuances of social interactions, because that’s been a lynchpin of survival. But modern society has turned many of us into near-hermits. And that's not only unnatural, it's unhealthy for the brain.</span></div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">For one thing, isolation can cause <a href="http://health.msn.com/health-topics/depression/" target="_blank"> depression</a>, which the <a href="http://www.alzfdn.org/" target="_blank"> Alzheimer's Foundation of America</a> says leads to higher rates of <a href="http://health.msn.com/health-topics/alzheimers-disease/articlepage.aspx?cp-documentid=100079452" target="_blank"> dementia</a>. Not only do people with wide social networks report a higher quality of life, they also have lower death rates. One large-scale study observed significantly less mental decline in people who had the strongest relationships with others.</span></div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">Relationships stimulate our brains. "There's a lot of evidence that other people are the most unpredictable things you can encounter," says Duke neurobiologist Lawrence Katz. "So activities that have you engaging with other human beings are a fantastic form of brain exercise."</span></div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">There are dozens of ways to engage with folks. Volunteer at a charity or organization. Join a book club, bowling league, or any group dedicated to being actively engaged. And don't forget that pets, especially the highly social dog, can serve some of the same functions as humans in stimulating our minds and relieving stress.</span></div><br />
<div align="center"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> <img alt="Brain Boosters // Man sleeping (© JGI/Blend Images/Getty Images)" height="257" src="http://blstb.msn.com/i/DD/5AC97072B6CEB0DC6E44129DB8C8B.jpg" width="300" /></span></div><br />
<h2> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> <strong>8. You snooze, you win.</strong></span></h2><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">Although scientists still puzzle over why sleep is necessary, one thing is certain: We cannot survive more than a few weeks without it. When we are denied good, restful, sustained sleep on a regular basis, our brains falter in concentration, learning, memory and alertness. That's no matter how much coffee you might guzzle.</span></div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">The best explanation science has come up with for the healing power of sleep is that brain cells use the "time out" to close down and repair damage. Without sufficient sleep, neurons may not have time to repair all the damage, and so could malfunction during the day. Sleep also may give the brain a chance to perform a workout of sorts among important neuronal connections that might go dormant, explain researchers. Imagine exercising your brain while lying in bed dreaming. What could be better?</span></div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">Most adults require seven to eight hours of sleep each night.</span></div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">If you have trouble sleeping, here are a few tips:</span><br />
<ul style="text-align: justify;"><li> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">Don't eat a heavy meal late in the day. </span> </li>
<li> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">Avoid caffeine and alcohol late in the day. </span> </li>
<li> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">Get regular exercise, but not close to bedtime. </span> </li>
<li> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">If you can't fall asleep or wake up in the middle of the night, get up and read or watch TV until you feel drowsy. </span> </li>
<li> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">If you lie awake worrying about things, make a to-do list before going to bed. </span> </li>
</ul><br />
<div align="center"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> <a href="http://blstb.msn.com/i/6F/B12B22395F9174A3C41FF795DFC17.jpg"> <img alt="Brain Boosters // Woman doing crossword puzzle (© Joel Sartore/National Geographic/Getty Images)" height="257" src="http://blstb.msn.com/i/6F/B12B22395F9174A3C41FF795DFC17.jpg" width="300" /></a></span></div><br />
<h2><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> <strong>9. Jumping jacks for the brain?</strong></span></h2><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">Well, sort of. By stimulating your mind, you may be able to improve cognitive function, and perhaps delay or even prevent mental disorders such as dementia.</span></div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">Scores of large-scale studies have shown that brain training works. The trouble begins when we fall into routines that seldom challenge our mental faculties. We may be masters at what we do, but we aren't learning new things. And that seems to be key.</span></div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">The mind, according to neuroscientists, is a machine that thrives on learning. "The brain requires active continuous learning," Michael Merzenich, a neurobiologist at University of California, San Francisco, said in an interview with the AARP. "It requires change, and that change requires that you acquire new skills and abilities, new hobbies and activities that require the brain to remodel itself."</span></div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">What kind of activity is best? Scientists aren't sure yet, but agree that anything that expands your knowledge will be effective. The emphasis is on new, as in learning a new language, dance step or sport (the more social the setting the better, as this increases the effect due to the brain benefits of human interaction). Or read a new book or do crossword or sudoku puzzles (which constantly expose you to new information). All these activities build more connections between neural cells, which recent research indicates may even forestall dementia and Alzheimer's.</span></div><br />
<div align="center"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> <a href="http://blstb.msn.com/i/FF/4BCEDCDF6A42813A91D83B4C31B85B.jpg"> <img alt="Brain Boosters // Man in swimming pool (© Silverstock/Getty Images)" height="300" src="http://blstb.msn.com/i/FF/4BCEDCDF6A42813A91D83B4C31B85B.jpg" width="300" /></a></span></div><div align="center"><br />
</div><h2 align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> <strong>10. Pump up the hippocampus.</strong></span></h2><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">How can a rousing, sweat-inducing physical workout benefit your grey matter? By improving blood flow, releasing stress-reducing endorphins, strengthening the connections between brain cells and increasing the number of brain cells themselves. That's just for starters.</span></div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> Regular, cardiovascular exercise—the kind that sends your heart rate up, like walking, bicycling, swimming or even aerobic gardening or house cleaning—is a powerhouse of benefit for both your heart and brain.</span></div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> Studies of fit people show that their attention and concentration are superior to those who don't exercise. And that their gray matter is thicker, suggesting that exercise could protect against the natural decline of mental faculties as we age.</span></div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">One part of the brain that's known to be directly influenced by exercise is called the hippocampus. It's sort of a "clearing house" for the brain, deciding which information sent to it by the senses gets stored away into memory, and then retrieving it when necessary. It's vital for learning and making associations. Research has shown that physical exercise stimulates the production of new brain cells, called neurons, in the hippocampus.</span></div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> Exercise is almost too good to be true as a tonic for the brain. As neurobiologist Carl Cotman told the AARP: "It's sort of surprising to think about. You're literally building the structure of the brain, just by moving your feet."</span></div><br />
<div align="center"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> <a href="http://blstb.msn.com/i/EC/C2EFEB5371A3CB7F9EF347A61B6AE.jpg"> <img alt="Brain Boosters // Man showering with eyes closed (© Corbis)" height="300" src="http://blstb.msn.com/i/EC/C2EFEB5371A3CB7F9EF347A61B6AE.jpg" width="300" /></a></span></div><br />
<h2 align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> <strong>11. Learn the word "neurobics." </strong></span></h2><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">A melding of the words "neuron" (brain cell) and "aerobics," neurobics is the brainchild of the Duke University neurobiologist Lawrence Katz and author Manning Rubin. In the book <em>Keep Your Brain Alive </em>(Workman Publishing, 1998), they outline an unusual brain exercise program that's based on a solid foundation of neuroscience research. Specific kinds of sensory stimulation, they believe, causes brain cells to secrete molecules called neurotrophins that act like nutrients to improve cellular health.</span></div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> What's the best sort of stimulation? Katz and Rubin offer 83 activities that make you "experience the unexpected and enlist the aid of all your senses." Try showering with your eyes closed, tuning in to the sounds and feel of water on your skin. Use your non-dominant hand to brush your teeth or comb your hair. Wear earplugs at the dinner table. Take one of your children to work with you. Learn to read Braille.</span></div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> What's important is that the activity be completely removed from your regular routine. And the more senses you engage, the better. If you normally go to work using the same route, try a different one. At a stop light, roll down the window and close your eyes, listening to the sounds, feeling the air on your face. Your brain is forced to work with a new set of sensory inputs, which builds connections in your neuronal network.</span></div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> Humans are hardwired to seek novelty, yet in our tame modern environment, that’s more difficult to do. By consciously exposing your brain to novel situations, it responds like a long underused muscle to a weight training program: It grows!</span></div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Scott McCredie is a Seattle-based health writer and author of the book Balance: In Search of a Lost Sense.</span></div><hr color="#FFFFCC" noshade="noshade" width="500" /> </td> </tr>
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</div>Bambang Puryantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11561929982352308329noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4883520132502124.post-67577727743969490322011-06-18T05:59:00.000-07:002011-06-18T06:05:49.813-07:00MAKANAN OTAK 6 - Brain Boosting Foods<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><h1><a href="http://miraculummundi.blogspot.com/2011/06/makanan-otak-6-brain-boosting-foods.html">MAKANAN OTAK 6 - Brain Boosting Foods</a></h1><br />
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"> <h1>Brain Boosting Foods</h1><hr color="#FFFFCC" noshade="noshade" width="500" /> </td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"> <div class="module moduleText color0" id="mod_525929"> <div class="txtd" id="txtd_525929"> <div align="justify"><em>Has your memory been slipping you lately? When the wife keeps asking you to take out the trash, is it not registering for you? Well, a brain boost may be in order for you. One of the best ways to stay healthy and fight an aging mind is to reach for foods loaded with vitamins and antioxidants that feed and nurture the brain. </em></div><br />
<div align="justify">Here are a few foods for thought:</div><br />
<h2><strong>Fish Omega 3's </strong></h2><div align="justify">Studies show people who eat a diet rich in omega-3 maintain better brain capacity, concentration and alertness. </div><div align="justify">Try: Wild Alaskan salmon. It is loaded with omega-3 and also delivers a good dose of essential brain nutrients like Vitamin B and selenium. Try eggs fortified with omega-3 if fish is not your cup of tea. Opt for three servings a week </div><br />
<h2><strong>Dark vegetables </strong></h2><div align="justify">Dark vegetables contain their fair share of antioxidants and which help to protect the brain from cell damage. High antioxidant levels are essential to maintaining good memory and cognition. </div>Try: Spinach broccoli, and beans all great foods for your brain.<br />
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<h2><strong>Chocolate</strong></h2><div align="justify">Yes chocolate. Before you attack your candy bar stash, think again. The cacao bean is the ultimate source of nutrients. Candy bars found on the market contain high sugar, milk, corn syrup contents equaling little or no health benefits. </div><div align="justify">Try: Buy chocolate with 75% or higher cacao content and for the best option chocolate with 85% (or higher). For a quick healthy chocolate fix, buy quality 100% organic non alkaline cocoa powder and add to your favorite drinks for a quick dose of brain power.</div><br />
<h2><strong>Acai berries and blueberries</strong></h2><div align="justify"><em>Blueberries: r</em>esearch shows diets rich in blueberries help to improve learning capacity and motor skills, rejuvenation for your mind. Brain boosting research shows diets rich in blueberries help protect the brain from oxidative stress and may reduce the potential risks for age related diseases such as dementia, and Alzheimer's disease.</div><br />
<div align="justify"><em>Acai</em>: a South American berry has all the antioxidants present in the powerhouse blueberry but surprising also contains omega-3 fatty acids and is also rich in protein. Although not as readily available like blueberries, fresh acai berries are a great brain booster.</div><br />
<h2><strong>Grape juice</strong></h2><div align="justify">New research shows grape juice helps to significantly improve short term memory and motor skills. In fact, grapes are ranked as one of the highest antioxidant activity sources. There has also been a connection drawn between a low consumption of red wine and lower incidences of Alzheimer's disease.</div><br />
<h2><strong>Brown Rice</strong></h2><div align="justify">Brown Rice is loaded with magnesium and other brain boosting vitamins which are essential in supporting good cognitive health. Switching from white rice to brown will be good for the mind and the body.</div></div></div><hr color="#FFFFCC" noshade="noshade" width="500" /> </td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;"> <a href="http://hubpages.com/hub/Brain-Boosting-Foods"> http://hubpages.com/hub/Brain-Boosting-Foods</a> </span><br />
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</div>Bambang Puryantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11561929982352308329noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4883520132502124.post-75630819820237533562011-06-18T05:49:00.000-07:002011-06-18T05:57:52.721-07:00MAKANAN OTAK 5 - Brain Boosting Foods<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><h1><a href="http://miraculummundi.blogspot.com/2011/06/makanan-otak-5-brain-boosting-foods.html">MAKANAN OTAK 5 - Brain Boosting Foods</a></h1><br />
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"> <h1>Brain Boosting Foods that Help Improve Cognitive Function</h1><hr color="#FFFFCC" noshade="noshade" width="500" /> </td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"> <div align="justify">Is it possible that the food you eat can make you smarter? Food scientists have proven that it is possible food can play a big part in cognitive function, increasing brain power as well as slowing or holding off forms of dementia such as Alzheimer’s disease. The solution is <span class="IL_AD" id="IL_AD4">adding</span> certain foods with key nutritional components. Pairing these foods with daily mental challenges and <span class="IL_AD" id="IL_AD3">exercises</span> that boost oxygen levels help maintain healthy cells and reduce inflammation in the brain that can cause cognitive impairment.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: center;"> <img alt="fish Brain Boosting Foods that Help Improve Cognitive Function" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-2797" height="233" src="http://www.methodsofhealing.com/files/2009/10/fish.jpg" title="Brain Boosting Foods that Help Improve Cognitive Function" width="350" /></div><div style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div align="justify">If you have been forgetting small things such as where you put your keys or glasses, your <span class="IL_AD" id="IL_AD2">diet</span> can help. Certain food and drink can help boost your attention span and increase your capacity to learn. You will become smarter and feel more in tune with yourself too. Here are some brain boosting foods you should incorporate into your <span class="IL_AD" id="IL_AD1"> diet plan</span>:</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><h2><strong>Fish High in Fatty Acids</strong></h2><div align="justify">Fatty fish, particularly those high in omega-3 fatty acids, not only help lower your cholesterol, they also boost brain function. The fatty acids protect the cell membranes and help improve the signal transmissions between cells in the brain. Tuna, salmon and mackerel are just a few fishy examples. Be wise and choose tuna fish recipe to help improve and achieve a healthy lifestyle.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><h2><strong>Eat Foods High in Vitamin E</strong></h2><div align="justify">There are a number of foods with vitamin E but a small handful is quite beneficial in protecting you against dementia conditions like Alzheimer’s disease. Foods high in monounsaturated fats (MUFAs) such as seeds, nuts, olive oil and avocados are also the best sources for vitamin E.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><h2><strong>Eat Ethnic</strong></h2><div align="justify">Indian and Thai food often uses a spice called curry to provide a pungent heat to their cuisine. Curry contains an ingredient called curcumin which works to inhibit certain proteins in the brain which create plaque build-up that causes Alzheimer’s disease. Curry also helps fight inflammation not only in the brain but elsewhere in the body.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><h2><strong>Go Green with your Veggies</strong></h2><div align="justify">Dark green salads, cabbage, bok choy, broccoli and brussel sprouts are just a few of many dark green leafy vegetables and cruciferous choices that are chockfull of vitamin C, a powerful antioxidant. They also contain carotenoids, special compounds that protect your brain cells and receptors. The antioxidants work to clear away the waste in your brain caused by free radicals that build up.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><h2><strong>Rich Colored Berries</strong></h2><div align="justify">Antioxidants are quite prevalent in virtually all berries, particularly the dark colored ones such as blueberries, blackberries and red strawberries. There are other compounds too that work to build and maintain the communication receptors between each brain cell.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><h2><strong>Add More Flavanoids</strong></h2><div align="justify">Chocolate with at least 70% cocoa contains one of the most beneficial antioxidants for your brain. Dark chocolate has compounds called flavonoids which boost brain health. Other foods rich in flavonoids include dark beer, red wine, dark colored grapes, onions and even apples. A side benefit of flavonoids is they effectively help lower blood pressure as well.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><h2><strong>And Finally – Whole Grains</strong></h2><div align="justify">The fiber rich whole grains of wheat, oatmeal and brown rice regulate the glucose levels in your blood. Since glucose fuels the brain, it is important to keep the levels steady to maintain concentration and boost thought processes. When you eat simple carbs like sugar, you will feel an initial rush which can temporarily help your brain but when sugar levels come down, you “crash” and end up losing concentration and feel tired.</div><hr color="#FFFFCC" noshade="noshade" width="500" /> </td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;"> <a href="http://www.methodsofhealing.com/brain-boosting-foods-that-help-improve-cognitive-function/"> http://www.methodsofhealing.com/brain-boosting-foods-that-help-improve-cognitive-function/</a></span><br />
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</div>Bambang Puryantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11561929982352308329noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4883520132502124.post-40738770166225634082011-06-18T05:48:00.000-07:002011-06-18T05:52:09.325-07:00MAKANAN OTAK 4 - Brain Boosting Foods<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><h1><a href="http://miraculummundi.blogspot.com/2011/06/makanan-otak-4-brain-boosting-foods.html">MAKANAN OTAK 4 - Brain Boosting Foods</a></h1><br />
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><h1>Brain Boosting Foods You'll Love To Eat</h1><div class="by-line"><i>By <a href="http://ezinearticles.com/?expert=Lee_Dobbins" rel="author" title="EzineArticles Expert Author Lee Dobbins"> Lee Dobbins </a></i></div><hr color="#FFFFCC" noshade="noshade" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><div align="justify">Don't you just love it when you're thinking clearly and everything just comes together - you feel on top of the world! Would you like to feel like this more often? Well, chances are that you can if you eat more of these brain boosting foods which are packed with nutrients that have been shown to help increase brain function not to mention boost your immune system and help with your overall health.</div><br />
<h2>Avocados</h2><div align="justify">You love them in guacamole, but did you know that avocados can aid in healthy blood flow and may even help to lower blood pressure as well as play a role in preventing strokes? Sure, they are quite fatty but it's the good fat that's helpful to your body not harmful. But you don't have to stock up on guacamole to get enough of them, avocados taste good on lots of things - put them in salads or combine them with tomatoes in between two slices of toast for a delicious and filling sandwich.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><h2>Blueberries</h2><div align="justify">It's no news that blueberries are one of the healthiest foods you can eat, but studies show that eating them can help reduce the risk of dementia and Alzheimer's disease. These power packed berries can also help your brain deal with stress as well as improve learning capacity and motor skills.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><h2>Omega 3 Fatty Acids</h2><div align="justify">Omega-3 fatty acids found in cold water fish such as mackerel and salmon are good to eat for host of healthy reasons and one of these includes healthy brain function.</div><br />
<h2>Seeds and Nuts</h2><div align="justify">Vitamin E has been shown to improve declining cognitive functions which happened so often with aging and what better way to get vitamin E then by eating nuts and seeds! To get your best bang for the Buck choose sunflower seeds, cashews, sesame seeds, almonds or peanuts.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><h2>Tea</h2><div align="justify">Tea seems to be the superfood of the century and with many good reasons as it is filled with powerful antioxidants. These antioxidants can help boost your immune system but they can also help increase blood flow which is vital to get oxygen to the brain and a key to good brain function.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><h2>Whole Grains</h2><div align="justify">Brown rice, oatmeal and foods made with 100% whole wheat flour can also help increase the blood flow which can help give your brain oxygen it needs to be at peak performance. They also help supply the brain with glucose, something your brain needs for clear functioning. Whole grains are better than refined grains like white rice and white flour as they do not have the vital nutrients stripped out.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><h2>Dark Chocolate</h2><div align="justify">Chocolate lovers will be happy to know that dark chocolate is loaded with antioxidants and also has natural stimulants which can help boost your concentration and focus. In addition it revs up the production of endorphins which help elevate your mood. But not any chocolate will do, you need to buy a good quality dark chocolate that has only 70% cocoa.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">So there you have it, seven great foods that can help boost brain function and that taste great too!</div><hr color="#FFFFCC" noshade="noshade" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;"> <a href="http://ezinearticles.com/?Brain-Boosting-Foods-Youll-Love-To-Eat&id=412905"> http://ezinearticles.com/?Brain-Boosting-Foods-Youll-Love-To-Eat&id=412905</a> </span><br />
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</div>Bambang Puryantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11561929982352308329noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4883520132502124.post-14591498629054432112011-06-18T05:41:00.000-07:002011-06-18T05:41:29.834-07:00MAKANAN OTAK 3 - Brain Boosting Foods<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><h1>MAKANAN OTAK 3 - Brain Boosting Foods</h1><br />
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"> <h1>The 'Famous Five' Brain Boosting Foods!</h1><hr color="#FFFFCC" noshade="noshade" width="500" /> </td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"> <h2> 1. Blueberries.</h2><div align="justify">High in antioxidants, they are rich in Vitamins C and vitamin E. Now antioxidants play a key role in fighting the damaging effects of free radicals.<br />
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When free radicals are out of control in our bodies, then all-sorts of health problems arise, such as chronic diseases, accelarated aging, cancers etc. Now blueberries have a high ORAC rating, and you will see that they are a potent free radical fighter. Also in laboratory tests, where rats were fed blueberries, they experienced slowed rates of age-related loss in mental capacity. </div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><h2> 2. Eggs</h2><div align="justify"> Generally a very common item when you shop, let's face it eggs are used extensively in all sorts of cooking however, eggs contain several nutrients that are believed to be good for your brain and good for your body too.<br />
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The first nutrient is... selenium. Now, not only does selenium act as a powerful antioxidant but it also believed to boost brain health and also strengthen the immune system. </div><div align="justify"> Choline is another impotant nutrient found in egg yolks, and it plays a vital role in helping healthy cell membranes along with its ability to help mental function and memory.<br />
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Choline is especially important for children under seven because their grey matter is in the early stages of development. A little warning though, eggs are high in cholesterol, so be careful.<br />
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Eggs also contain Vitamin A, which is important for good night vision and healthy skin.<br />
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Two of the B vitamins that are associated with helping energy production in the body are Vitamin E (also found in blueberries), Folate (important for the prevention of birth defects) and riboflavin. </div><div align="justify"> </div><h2>3. Mustard</h2><div align="justify">Now mustard contains an amazing nutrient called turmeric (Curcuma longa) which is also an antioxidant. This is believed to stimulate your immune system. There are many health benefits associated with a healthier immune system such as dealing with allergies, inflammation, Alzheimer's disease, arthritis, asthma, atherosclerosis, diabetes and heart disease. </div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><h2>4. Salmon</h2><div align="justify"> Along with other oily fish are high in protein and omega-3 fatty acids. These acids contain DHA, which helps the brain transmit signals. Memory loss can result if there are low levels of DHA, even things like lack of concentration, mood disturbances, depression, schizophrenia and autism.<br />
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Salmon is high in the essential vitamins A, E, D and C and important minerals such as zinc, iron, calcium and selenium. </div><br />
<h2>5. Kale (Brassica oleracea).</h2><div align="justify">Now here is a real nutritional powerhouse. It contains Carotenoids and flavonoids which help to slow mental decline associated with aging and help reduce your risk for cataracts.<br />
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Kale is also an excellent source of Vitamin C too. Just one daily portion provides a massive 89% of your daily vitamin C requirement!</div><br />
<h1>Any More Brain Boosting Foods?</h1><h2>6. Strawberries</h2><div style="text-align: justify;">Strawberries in particular, contain a flavenoid called fisetin which can improve memory however blueberries are still the best choice for aging grey matter. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><h2 style="text-align: justify;">7. Freshly-Ground Coffee Beans</h2><div style="text-align: justify;">They are also rich in vitamins, minerals, antioxidants and amino acids. Recent studies have shown coffee drinking on a regular basis, can reduce the risk of dementia. And research in South Korea found it can even slow the growth of brain tumours. <br />
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</div><h2 style="text-align: justify;">8. Nuts</h2><div style="text-align: justify;">Yes, go nuts! Because they contain lots of brain-healthy vitamin E, believed to help prevent memory loss due to aging. </div><div> </div><div style="text-align: justify;">Walnuts are a great choice because, like salmon, they are also packed with omega-3. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;">Cashews are another good one as they are rich in magnesium which has the ability to allow more oxygen into the brain's blood cells. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;">Peanuts a worth a mention as they also contain grey matter-boosting choline (found in egg yolk). </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;">If possible, try and opt for the un-salted variety of nuts, as too much salt can raise your blood pressure. Also nuts can be fattening, so don't over-do it. </div><hr color="#FFFFCC" noshade="noshade" width="500" /> </td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;"> <a href="http://www.antioxidants-guide.com/brain_boosting_foods.html"> http://www.antioxidants-guide.com/brain_boosting_foods.html</a> </span><br />
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</div>Bambang Puryantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11561929982352308329noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4883520132502124.post-38882865101219714152011-06-17T16:02:00.000-07:002011-06-17T16:37:05.653-07:00MAKANAN OTAK 2 - Brain Boosting Foods<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><h1><a href="http://miraculummundi.blogspot.com/2011/06/makanan-otak-2-brain-boosting-foods.html">MAKANAN OTAK 2 - Brain Boosting Foods</a></h1><br />
<div align="center"> <table background="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEy2sReccgydABG9B8xcJLraLs6EZ5SCc8gPEZ44hiMMAjNahYM2OJOHW2Ze9uhRabod1bWRzeoMbVBFsY6BNstswXVmv8zl7G8RoV1K490UWkuT6y-ia6rFshqpB2xIaMfnYnkyg2qtI/s1600/batik2.png" bgcolor="#FFFFCC" border="0" id="table10"><tbody>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"> <div align="center"> <a href="http://www.bbcgoodfood.com/content/wellbeing/features/boost-brainpower/indexLarge.jpg"> <img alt="http://www.bbcgoodfood.com/content/wellbeing/features/boost-brainpower/indexLarge.jpg" src="http://www.bbcgoodfood.com/content/wellbeing/features/boost-brainpower/indexLarge.jpg" /></a></div><h1><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">10 foods to boost your brainpower</span></h1><hr color="#FFFFCC" noshade="noshade" width="500" /> </td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"> <h2> <strong>1. Opt for wholegrain food </strong></h2><div align="justify">Walk into a room and forget why you're there? Forget already what this article's about? Make sure you're eating a diet rich in a mix of wholegrain foods such as cereals, wheatbran, wheatgerm and wholewheat pasta. One study found that women who increased their folic acid, vitamin B12 and vitamin B6 intake showed an improvement in recalling information compared to women who were not taking a supplement. </div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><h2> <strong>2. Enjoy oily fish </strong> </h2><div align="justify"> The essential omega-3 fatty acids - found in oily fish, as well as fish oil, walnut oil and flaxseeds (linseeds) - are high in DHA, fatty acid crucial to the health of our nervous system. Low DHA levels have been linked to a higher risk of developing Alzheimer's disease and memory loss. Fish also contains iodine, which is known to improve mental clarity. </div><div align="justify"> </div><h2><strong>3. Binge on blueberries </strong> </h2><div align="justify">Research from Tufts University in the United States and published in the Journal of Neuroscience suggests that blueberry extract can improve short term memory loss. Widely available, so there's no excuse! </div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><h2><strong>4. Eat more tomatoes </strong> </h2><div align="justify"> There is good evidence to suggest that lycopene, a powerful antioxidant found in tomatoes, could help protect against the kind of free radical damage to cells which occurs in the development of dementia, particularly Alzheimer's.</div><br />
<h2><strong>5. Add vitality with vitamins </strong></h2><div align="justify">Folic acid and vitamin B12 help prevent homocysteine from building up in the body - levels of which have been found to be higher in people who have Alzheimer's. <br />
Fortified cereals are a great source of B12 and also contain complex carbohydrates which release energy over a long period and will keep you more mentally alert throughout the day. </div><br />
<h2><strong>6. Get a blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum) boost </strong> </h2><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.cuisineonline.pk/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/black_currant.jpg"><img border="0" height="276" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVbTko21jur4MdXg_okkTiQJni7jfiVtfi31ykz8kQu5M4f_iLrFe0JEcK7XqOSDJLrgkmfYOyn9q0xO9ladGw9_LZE_duKX9RLLeRqKblYXf1U5Nfmj-Jzd8ttMUWWdMj6STuwb5BR4Q/s400/black_currant.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">Vitamin C has long been thought to have the power to increase mental agility. One of the best sources of this vital vitamin is blackcurrants.</div><br />
<h2><strong>7. Pick up pumpkin seeds </strong></h2><div align="justify">Just a handful a day is all you need to get your recommended daily amount of zinc, vital for enhancing memory and thinking skills. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><h2 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>8. Bet on broccoli </strong></h2><div style="text-align: justify;">A great source of vitamin K, which is known to enhance cognitive function and improve brainpower. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><h2 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>9. Sprinkle on sage (Salvia officinalis) </strong></h2><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.italianfoodnet.com/uploads/img/news-fried_sage_leaves.jpg"><img border="0" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdd0TA6K2rRMJpx-rPddSB9iIcWancKK4gp1Sx9QUgJpqoilmBxTA331yAJ6mTo3IEICWjkzuB7aTgyER6xeB-qaiGzfSK6I9etU4XsK2NNN_CETW6Bc_0Ps807BBcc_2zUA4sQ4vwiPY/s400/news-fried_sage_leaves.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Sage has long had a reputation for improving memory and although most studies focus on sage as an essential oil, it could be worth adding fresh sage to your diet, too. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><h2 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>10. Go nuts </strong> </h2><div style="text-align: justify;">A study published in the American Journal of Epidemiology suggests that a good intake of vitamin E might help to prevent poor memory. Nuts are a great source of vitamin E along with leafy green vegetables, seeds, eggs, brown rice and wholegrains. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;"> <a href="http://www.bbcgoodfood.com/content/wellbeing/features/boost-brainpower/2/"> http://www.bbcgoodfood.com/content/wellbeing/features/boost-brainpower/2/</a></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;"> <a href="http://www.bbcgoodfood.com/content/wellbeing/features/boost-brainpower/3/"> http://www.bbcgoodfood.com/content/wellbeing/features/boost-brainpower/3/</a> </span><br />
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</div>Bambang Puryantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11561929982352308329noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4883520132502124.post-45595304805160601732011-06-17T15:45:00.001-07:002011-06-17T16:03:10.268-07:00MAKANAN OTAK 1 - Brain Boosting Foods<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><h1><a href="http://miraculummundi.blogspot.com/2011/06/makanan-otak-brain-boosting-foods.html">MAKANAN OTAK 1 - Brain Boosting Foods</a></h1><br />
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><div align="center"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> <img alt="Forget Adderall: 8 Brain Boosting Foods" class="post-img" src="http://collegethrive.com/wp-content/themes/equator/timthumb.php?src=http://collegethrive.com/wp-content/uploads/blue.jpg&w=200&h=260&zc=1" /> </span></div><h1><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">Forget Adderall: 8 Brain Boosting Foods</span></h1><hr color="#FFFFCC" noshade="noshade" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><h2><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">1. Coffee</span></h2><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">A favorite among early risers, coffee can help you to feel more alert and focused. Caffeine, a substance found in coffee, is responsible for these feelings of focus and alertness. Try a cup next time you have some homework to get done, and see if you concentrate better. (If you can’t stand coffee, try drinking black or green tea instead. Although not quite as caffeine-heavy as coffee, tea is a great substitute for a cup of joe).</span></div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> <a href="http://collegethrive.com/wp-content/uploads/coffeecup.jpg"><img alt="coffeecup Forget Adderall: 8 Brain Boosting Foods" class="aligncenter imgborder" height="200" src="http://collegethrive.com/wp-content/uploads/coffeecup.jpg" title="coffeecup" width="400" /></a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><h2><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">2. Salmon</span></h2><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">Fish like Salmon is loaded with brain boosting omega-3 fatty acids. These healthy fats have been linked to increase memory. When buying fish, opt for wild caught salmon, opposed to farmed. Wild Salmon have higher levels of omega-3′s and aren’t fattened on an unhealthy diet of grain-feed.</span></div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> <a href="http://collegethrive.com/wp-content/uploads/salmon1.jpg"><img alt="salmon1 Forget Adderall: 8 Brain Boosting Foods" class="aligncenter imgborder" height="200" src="http://collegethrive.com/wp-content/uploads/salmon1.jpg" title="salmon" width="400" /></a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><h2><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">3. Whole-Grains</span></h2><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">Replace all of the “white-grains” in your diet with Vitamin E rich whole-grain breads, pastas, and crackers. Vitamin E is thought to aid cognitive function as you age. The fiber in whole-grains also works to increase blood flow through the body and to the brain,which allows nutrients to more easily reach the brain. Another beneficial nutrient in whole-grains is vitamin B12, which increases your ability to focus.</span></div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> <a href="http://collegethrive.com/wp-content/uploads/wholewheat.jpg"><img alt="wholewheat Forget Adderall: 8 Brain Boosting Foods" class="aligncenter imgborder" height="200" src="http://collegethrive.com/wp-content/uploads/wholewheat.jpg" title="wholewheat" width="400" /></a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><h2><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">4. BlueBerries</span></h2><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">Long hailed as an antioxidant “king”, blueberries are the perfect snack to carry along to the library. The antioxidants found in blueberries are thought to increase mental capacity. Blueberries have also been linked to a reduce in age-related ilness.</span></div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> <a href="http://collegethrive.com/wp-content/uploads/blueberries.jpg"><img alt="blueberries Forget Adderall: 8 Brain Boosting Foods" class="aligncenter imgborder" height="200" src="http://collegethrive.com/wp-content/uploads/blueberries.jpg" title="blueberries" width="400" /></a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><h2><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">5. Nuts</span></h2><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">All kinds of nuts are filled with brain-enhancing chemicals that contribute to a crisp mind. For example, almonds contain phenylalanine, which improves cognitive performance.</span></div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> <a href="http://collegethrive.com/wp-content/uploads/nuts.jpg"><img alt="nuts Forget Adderall: 8 Brain Boosting Foods" class="aligncenter imgborder" height="200" src="http://collegethrive.com/wp-content/uploads/nuts.jpg" title="nuts" width="400" /></a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><h2><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">6. Eggs</span></h2><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">Start your day off by scrambling a couple of eggs, and you’re setting yourself up for a good day of learning. Choline, an essential nutrient found in eggs, has shown to be essential for brain development.</span></div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> <a href="http://collegethrive.com/wp-content/uploads/eggs.jpg"><img alt="eggs Forget Adderall: 8 Brain Boosting Foods" class="aligncenter imgborder" height="200" src="http://collegethrive.com/wp-content/uploads/eggs.jpg" title="eggs" width="400" /></a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><h2><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">7. Seeds</span></h2><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">There are many types of seeds on the market. Ty flax seeds, pumpkin seeds, and sunflower seeds to reap the benefits of a clearer mind. From the omega-3′s in flax, to the Vitamin B in pumpkin seeds, both work to improve the function of your mind.</span></div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> <a href="http://collegethrive.com/wp-content/uploads/seeds.jpg"><img alt="seeds Forget Adderall: 8 Brain Boosting Foods" class="aligncenter imgborder" height="200" src="http://collegethrive.com/wp-content/uploads/seeds.jpg" title="seeds" width="400" /></a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><h2><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">8. Oysters</span></h2><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">To keep your mind from wandering, add some slippery shellfish into your diet. Oysters are rich in zinc and iron, which have both been linked to better mental performance.</span></div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> <a href="http://collegethrive.com/wp-content/uploads/oysters.jpg"><img alt="oysters Forget Adderall: 8 Brain Boosting Foods" class="aligncenter imgborder" height="200" src="http://collegethrive.com/wp-content/uploads/oysters.jpg" title="oysters" width="400" /></a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><h2><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">Food, a Powerful Medicine</span></h2><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">It’s amazing how a few simple changes in your eating habits can completely change the way you feel and function. The power of foods is greatly underestimated in a society that so heavily depends on prescriptions for every ailment. So, next time you think about taking a drug to help you study, just remember the age old advice from Hippocrates and, “<b>Let food be thy medicine and medicine be thy food</b>“.</span></div><hr color="#FFFFCC" noshade="noshade" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> <a href="http://collegethrive.com/forget-adderall-8-brain-boosting-foods"> http://collegethrive.com/forget-adderall-8-brain-boosting-foods</a> </span><br />
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</div>Bambang Puryantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11561929982352308329noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4883520132502124.post-42657381220778161382011-06-13T13:45:00.000-07:002011-06-18T13:22:32.257-07:00COFFEE FOR BRAIN 13<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><h1><a href="http://miraculummundi.blogspot.com/2011/06/coffee-for-brain-13.html">COFFEE FOR BRAIN 13</a></h1><br />
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><h1><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">Coffea arabica <i>L.</i></span></h1><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Latin</span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;"><b> Coffea arabica <i>L.</i></b></span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Denmark</span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;"><b> Ægte kaffe</b> Kaffetræ / Ægte Kaffetræ</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Inggris</span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Arabian coffee / arabica coffee / Coffea arabica / Coffee / coffeetree</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Jerman</span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Arabicakaffee / arabischer Kaffeebaum / arabischer Kaffeestrauch / Bergkaffee / Kaffeestrauch</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Swedia</span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Kaffe</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Norwegia</span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;"><b> Kaffe</b> Kaffeplante</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Perancis</span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Caféier / Caféier d’Arabie / caféier d'Arabie</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Polandia</span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Kawa arabska</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Belanda</span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Koffieboom</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Italia</span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Caffè / Coffea arabica</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Portugis</span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">caféeiro</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Spanyol</span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Café / cafeto arábico / cafeto de Arabia / Coffea arabica</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Slovakia</span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Kava</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Estonia</span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Araabia kohvipuu</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Hungaria</span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Arab kávé / Kávé</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Ceko</span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Kávovník arabský</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Faroese</span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Sukursjúka</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Brasilia</span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Café / Cafeeiro / cafeiro</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Greenland</span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Sukkoerneq</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Mandarin</span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;"> 小果咖啡</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Jepang</span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;"> コーヒーのき</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding: 5.4pt;"><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td bgcolor="#00FFFF" style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Sygdomme & anvendelser</span></td> <td bgcolor="#00FFFF" style="padding: 5.4pt;" valign="top"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Diseases & Uses</span></td> <td bgcolor="#00FFFF" style="padding: 5.4pt;" valign="top"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Krankheiten & Anwendungen</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td bgcolor="#FFCC99" style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;"> <b>Sygdomme</b></span></td> <td bgcolor="#FFCC99" style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;"> <b>Diseases</b></span></td> <td bgcolor="#FFCC99" style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;"> <b>Krankheiten</b></span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">afgiftende</span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Detoxicant</span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">entgiften</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">astma</span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">asthma</span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Asthma</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">betændelse</span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">inflammation</span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">antiinflammatorisch</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">blodrensende</span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">blood cleanser</span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Blutreinigend</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">blodsukkerforøgende</span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Hypoglycemia</span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Hypoglykämie</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">blodtrykhævende</span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Hypotension</span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Hypotonie</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">blødninger</span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Anti-hemorrhagic</span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Bluten</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">bronkitis</span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">bronchitis</span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Bronchitis</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Diabetes mellitus</span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">diabetes mellitus</span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Diabetes mellitus</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">diarre</span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">diarrhea</span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Durchfall</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">feber</span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">fever</span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Fieber</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">fordøjelsesbesvær</span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">dyspepsia</span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Verdauungsstörung</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">forgiftning</span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Poisonings</span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Vergiftung</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">hjertestyrkende </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">cardiac </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Herz stärkend </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">hævede bronkier </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">influenza </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">influenza </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Influenza </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">krampe </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Anti-spasmodic </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Krampf </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Lungebetændelse </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">pneumonia </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Lungenentzündung </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">ophidselse </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Excitability </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Aufgeregtheit </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">opkvikkende middel </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Pick-me-up </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">anregend </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">overtræthed </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Fatigue </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Übermüdung </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">slimløsende </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Mucolytic agent </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Expektorans </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">smerter </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Pain </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Schmerz </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">sårhelende </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">wound healing </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Wundheilung </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">tarmluft </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">flatulence </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Flatulenz </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">tonikum </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Tonic </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Tonikum </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">urindrivende </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">diuretic </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Diuretikum </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td colspan="3" style="padding: 5.4pt;"><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td align="center" bgcolor="#00FFFF" style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;"> <b>Indholdsstoffer</b></span></td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#00FFFF" style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;"> <b>Ingredients</b></span></td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#00FFFF" style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;"> <b>Inhaltsstoffe</b></span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">24-Methylene-Cycloartenol </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">3,4-Dicaffeoyl-Quinic-Acid </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">3,5-Dicaffeoyl-Quinic-Acid </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">4,5-Dicaffeoyl-Quinic-Acid </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">7-Stigmasterol </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Allantoic-Acid </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Campestanol </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Caprinic-Acid </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Carnaubic-Acid </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Citrostadienol </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Cycloeucalenol </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Dihydrositosterol </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Furfuraldehyde </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Galactan </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Galactomannan </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Glucogalactomannan </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Guanosine </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Lanosterol </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">L-Asparagine </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">L-Aspartic-Acid </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Mannan </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Obtusifoliol </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">O-Xylenol </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Phytate </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Phytat </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Putrescine </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Quercetol </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Quercetol </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Sinapic-Acid </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Spermidine </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Spermine </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Theophylline </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Theophylline </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">2-Ethyl-Phenol </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">2-Ethylphenol </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">2-Methoxy-4-Ethyl-Phenol </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">2-Methoxy-4-Ethylphenol </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">4-Ethyl-Phenol </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">4-Ethylphenol </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">acetaldehyd </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">acetaldehyde </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Acetaldehyd </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">adenin </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">adenine </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Adenin </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">alantoin </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">allantoin </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Alantoin </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">alkaloid </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">alkaloid </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Alkaloide </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Alpha-Tokoferol </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Alpha-Tocopherol </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Alpha-Tocopherol </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">arabinose </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Arabinose </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Arabinose </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">arachinsyre </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Arachic-Acid </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Arachinsäure </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">ascorbinsyre </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">ascorbic acid </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Ascorbinsäure </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">aske </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">ash </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Asche </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">asparagin </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">asparagine </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Asparagin </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Asparaginsyre </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Aspartic acid </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Asparaginsäure </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Benzoesyre </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Benzoic acid </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Benzoesäure </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Beta-caroten </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Beta-carotene </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Beta-Caroten </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Beta-Sitosterol </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Beta-Sitosterol </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Beta-Sitosterol </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Beta-Tokoferol </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Beta-Tocopherol </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Beta-Tocopherol </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Calcium </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Calcium </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Calcium </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Campesterol </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Campesterol </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Campesterol </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">caroten </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Carotene </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Caroten </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">cellulose </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Cellulose </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Cellulose </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Chlorogensyre </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Chlorogenic-Acid </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Chlorogensäure </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Cholestanol </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Cholestanol </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Cholin </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">choline </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Cholin </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Cinnamaldehyd </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Cinnamaldehyde </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Zimtaldehyd </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Citronsyre </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">citric acid </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Citronensäure </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">cyanidin </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">cyanidin </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Cyanidin </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Cystein </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Cysteine </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Cystein </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Cystin </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Cystine </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Cystin </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">dekstrin </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">dextrin </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Dextrine </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">diterpen </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">diterpenes </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Diterpene </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">elainsyre </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Oleic-Acid </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Elainsäure </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">eugenol </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">eugenol </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Eugenol </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Fedtstof </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">fat </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Fette </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Fibre </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Fibres </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Fasern </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Flavonoider </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">flavonoid </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Flavonoide </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">fosfor </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">phosphorus </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Phosphor </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">fytosterin </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Phytosterol </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Phytosterine </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Gamma-Sitosterol </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Gamma-Sitosterol </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Gamma-Sitosterol </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Gamma-Tokoferol </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Gamma-Tocopherol </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Gamma-Tocopherol </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">garvesyre </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Tannic acid </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Gerbsäure </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Glutaminsyre </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Glutamic acid </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Glutaminsäure </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Guaiacol </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Guaiacol </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Guaiacol </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Hemicellulose </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Hemicellulose </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Hemicellulose </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Hydrogensulfid </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Hydrogen sulphide </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Schwefelwasserstoff </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Hypoxanthin </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Hypoxanthin </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Iso-Eugenol </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Iso-Eugenol </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Iso-Klorogensyre </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Iso-Chlorogenic-Acid </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Iso-Chlorogensäure </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Jern </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">iron </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Eisen </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">kaffesyre </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">caffeic acid </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Kaffeesäure </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">kanelsyre </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">cinnamic-Acid </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Zimtsäure </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">koffein </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">caffeine </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Koffein </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">kolesterol </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Cholesterol </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Cholesterin </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Kulhydrater </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Carbohydrates </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Kohlenhydrate </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Kvælstof </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Nitrogen </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Stickstoff </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Lignocerinsyre </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Lignoceric-Acid </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Lignocersäure </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">linolensyre </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">linolenic acid </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Linolensäure </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">linolsyre </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">linoleic acid </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Linolsäure </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Mannose </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Mannose </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Mannose </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">M-Cresol </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">M-Cresol </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">M-Cresol </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Methionin </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Methionine </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Methionin </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">metylsalicylat </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">methyl salicylate </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Methylsalicylat </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Mineraler </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Minerals </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Mineralien </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Myristinsyre </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Myristic-Acid </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Myristinsäure </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Nikotinamid </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Nicotinamide </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Nikotinamid </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">n-Nonacosan </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">N-Nonacosane </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">N-Nonacosan </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">O-Cresol </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">O-Cresol </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">O-Cresol </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">organisk syre </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Organic acid </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Organische Säure </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Oxalsyre </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Oxalic acid </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Oxalsäure </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Palmitinsyre </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Palmitic acid </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Palmitinsäure </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">P-Coumarsyre </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">P-Coumaric-Acid </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">P-Coumarsäure </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">P-Cresol </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">P-Cresol </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">P-Cresol </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Pektin </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">pectin </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Pektine </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Pentosan </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Pentosan </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Pentosan </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">protein </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">proteins </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Protein </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">raffinose </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">raffinose </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Raffinose </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">rhamnose </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Rhamnose </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Rhamnose </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">saccharose </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">saccharose </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Saccharose </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">salicylat </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">salicylate </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Salicylate </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Scopoletin </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Scopoletin </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Scopoletin </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Squalen </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Squalene </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Squalen </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Stachyose </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Stachyose </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Stachyose </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">stearinsyre </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Stearic acid </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Stearinsäure </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Stigmasterol </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Stigmasterol </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Stigmasterol </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">sukker </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">sugar </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Zucker </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">tannin </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">tannin </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Tannine </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Theobromin </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Theobromine </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Theobromin </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">trigonellin </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">trigonelline </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Trigonellin </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">vand </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">water </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Wasser </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">vitamin </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">vitamin </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Vitamin </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Vitamin B1 </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Thiamine </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Vitamin B1 </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Vitamin B2 </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Riboflavin </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Vitamin B2 </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Vitamin B3 </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Vitamin B3 </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Vitamin B3 </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">voks </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">wax </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Wachs </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Xanthin </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Xanthine </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Xanthin </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Xylan </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Xylan </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">- </span> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">æterisk olie </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">essential oil </span> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Ätherische Öle </span> </td> </tr>
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<div align="center"><table background="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEy2sReccgydABG9B8xcJLraLs6EZ5SCc8gPEZ44hiMMAjNahYM2OJOHW2Ze9uhRabod1bWRzeoMbVBFsY6BNstswXVmv8zl7G8RoV1K490UWkuT6y-ia6rFshqpB2xIaMfnYnkyg2qtI/s1600/batik2.png" bgcolor="#FFFFCC" border="0" id="table2"><tbody>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><h1>Coffea canephora <span style="font-size: xx-small;"><i>Pierre ex A. Froehner</i></span></h1><hr color="#FFFFCC" noshade="noshade" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><ul><li>Coffea canephora Pierre ex A. Froehner</li>
<li>Coffea robusta L. Linden</li>
<li>Robustakaffe</li>
<li>Congo coffeetree / Robusta Coffee</li>
<li>Robusta-Kaffee / Robustakaffeebaum / Robustakaffeestrauch</li>
<li>caféier robuste</li>
<li>Kawa kongolijska</li>
<li>café-robusta</li>
<li>cafeto robusto</li>
<li>Kongo kohvipuu</li>
<li>Kongói kávé</li>
<li>Kávovník statný</li>
<li>café / cafeiro</li>
<li>中果咖啡</li>
<li>ロブスタコーヒーのき</li>
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<div align="center"><table background="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEy2sReccgydABG9B8xcJLraLs6EZ5SCc8gPEZ44hiMMAjNahYM2OJOHW2Ze9uhRabod1bWRzeoMbVBFsY6BNstswXVmv8zl7G8RoV1K490UWkuT6y-ia6rFshqpB2xIaMfnYnkyg2qtI/s1600/batik2.png" bgcolor="#FFFFCC" border="0" id="table2"><tbody>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><h1>Coffea liberica <i>Hiern.</i></h1><hr color="#FFFFCC" noshade="noshade" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><ul><li>Coffea liberica Hiern.</li>
<li>Liberiakaffe</li>
<li>Kawa liberyjska</li>
<li>Libeeria kohvipuu</li>
<li>Libériai kávé</li>
<li>Kávovník liberský</li>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><h1>Arabian coffee</h1><hr color="#FFFFCC" noshade="noshade" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td align="center" bgcolor="cafc9e" colspan="2" style="padding: 5.4pt;" valign="top"><b>Plant names </b> <br />
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<tr> <td bgcolor="cafc9e" style="padding: 5.4pt;" valign="top">English</td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;" valign="top">Arabian coffee, arabica coffee, coffee, coffeetree, Coffea arabica </td> </tr>
<tr> <td bgcolor="cafc9e" style="padding: 5.4pt;" valign="top">Latin</td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;" valign="top"><b>Coffea arabica <i>L.</i></b> </td> </tr>
<tr> <td bgcolor="cafc9e" style="padding: 5.4pt;" valign="top">Plant parts</td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;">Seed</td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" bgcolor="facacd" colspan="2" style="padding: 5.4pt;" valign="top"><b>Diseases & Uses</b></td> </tr>
<tr> <td bgcolor="facacd" style="padding: 5.4pt;" valign="top">Diseases</td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;" valign="top"><div align="justify">Ache, Aches, Aids digestion, analgesic, Anodyne, Anti-asthmatic, Anti-Bronchitic, Anti-convulsant, Anti-diabetic, Anti-diarrheic, Anti-diarrhoeal, Anti-fatigue, Anti-flu, Anti-hemorrhagic, Antispasmodic, Assist healing of wounds, Asthma, benificial effect on the digestion, bleeding, Blood cleanser, blood cleansing, Blood-purifier, Bronchial catarrh, Bronchitis, cardiac, Cardiotonic, Carminative, Cleanses the blood, Clears gas, convulsion, convulsive state, Cramp, cramps, depurant, Depurative, Detoxicant, detoxicate, detoxify, Diabetes, Diabetes mellitus, diaorrhea, diarrhea, diarrhoea, Digestive, digestive trouble, Digestive weakness, dispepsia, Diuretic, Dyspepsia, Eupeptic, Excitability, excitement, exhaustion, Expectorant, Expellant of phlegm, faintness, Fart, Fatigue, feebleness, fever, feverish condition, Fevers, flatulence, flatus, Flu, Gas, Good for digestion, good for the heart, Gripe, Grippe, haemorrhage, Haemorrhagic conditions, healing, healing cuts, heal wounds, Heart restorative, heart tonic, hemorrhage, Hypoglycemia, Hypoglycemic, Hypotension, Hypotensive, improves digestion, indigestion, inflammation, inflammation of the lungs, influenza, intestinal gas, Low blood pressure, Mucolytic agent, Pain, painful disorders, painkiller, pain relief, pain-relieving, Pains, pain stilling, Pick-me-up, pneumonia, pneumonitis, Poisoning, Poisonings, Poor digestion, Promotes digestion, promotes healing of wounds, purify the blood, relax spasms, spasm, Spasmolytic, Stimulant, stimulates digestion, stimulating, sugar diabetis, the flue, Tiredness, to cleanse the blood, Tonic, Vulnerary, Warming digestive, weakness, weariness, wind, wound healing, Wound repair.</div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td align="center" bgcolor="99ffff" colspan="2" style="padding: 5.4pt;" valign="top"><b>Ingredients</b></td> </tr>
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</td> <td><div align="justify" style="padding: 5.4pt;">2-Ethylphenol, 2-Methoxy-4-Ethylphenol, 4-Ethylphenol, acetaldehyde, adenine, alkaloid, allantoin, Alpha-Tocopherol, Arabinose, Arachic-Acid, ascorbic acid, ash, asparagine, Aspartic acid, Benzoic acid, Beta-carotene, Beta-Sitosterol, Beta-Tocopherol, caffeic acid, caffeine, Calcium, Campesterol, Carbohydrates, Carotene, Cellulose, Chlorogenic-Acid, Cholestanol, Cholesterol, choline, Cinnamaldehyde, cinnamic-Acid, citric acid, cyanidin, Cysteine, Cystine, dextrin, diterpenes, essential oil, eugenol, fat, Fibres, flavonoid, Gamma-Sitosterol, Gamma-Tocopherol, Glutamic acid, Guaiacol, Hemicellulose, Hydrogen sulphide, Hypoxanthin, iron, Iso-Chlorogenic-Acid, Iso-Eugenol, Lignoceric-Acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, Mannose, M-Cresol, Methionine, methyl salicylate, Minerals, Myristic-Acid, Nicotinamide, Nitrogen, N-Nonacosane, O-Cresol, Oleic-Acid, Organic acid, Oxalic acid, Palmitic acid, P-Coumaric-Acid, P-Cresol, pectin, Pentosan, phosphorus, Phytosterol, proteins, raffinose, Rhamnose, Riboflavin, saccharose, salicylate, Scopoletin, Squalene, Stachyose, Stearic acid, Stigmasterol, sugar, Tannic acid, tannin, Theobromine, Thiamine, trigonelline, vitamin, Vitamin B3, water, wax, Xanthine, Xylan. </div></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"> <h1>Brain Booster: Drink Coffee & Take a Nap</h1><hr color="#FFFFCC" noshade="noshade" width="500" /> </td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"> <div class="p-con"> <div align="center"> <a href="http://scienceblogs.com/sciencetolife/upload/2007/02/2-5-7%20naps.jpg"><img height="400" src="http://scienceblogs.com/sciencetolife/upload/2007/02/2-5-7%20naps.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">This is for all the tired students and office workers who can’t seem to keep their eyelids open after lunch. To get an immediate and effective brain boost, make yourself a hot cup of coffee and then take a 15-20 minute nap!<span id="more-129"></span><br />
Based on researched done at the University of Britain at Loughborough on fatigued drivers, they found that the best method to get going again on full brain power is to drink coffee and nap immediately afterwards. Other less effective methods included rolling down windows, blasting the radio, and slapping oneself in the face- I’ve done that a lot on long journeys- to try to stay awake.<br />
BIOLOGICAL REASON</div><div align="justify">Researchers found coffee helps clear your system of adenosine, a chemical which makes you sleepy. But if you don’t nap, the effect isn’t as powerful and the drowsiness remains. However, make sure you set the alarm because more than 15-20 minutes of napping will cause grogginess. Less will also not be as effective. So just shut those eyes and forget the world for 15 minutes.<br />
That’s our paradox for the day!</div></div><hr color="#FFFFCC" noshade="noshade" width="500" /> </td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;"> <a href="http://www.goodforyou.com.sg/wordpress/?p=129"> http://www.goodforyou.com.sg/wordpress/?p=129</a> </span><br />
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</div>Bambang Puryantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11561929982352308329noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4883520132502124.post-82460145447418719362011-06-13T11:46:00.000-07:002011-06-13T12:29:06.349-07:00COFFEE FOR BRAIN 12<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><h1><a href="http://miraculummundi.blogspot.com/2011/06/coffee-for-brain-12.html">COFFEE FOR BRAIN 12</a></h1><br />
<div align="center"><table background="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEy2sReccgydABG9B8xcJLraLs6EZ5SCc8gPEZ44hiMMAjNahYM2OJOHW2Ze9uhRabod1bWRzeoMbVBFsY6BNstswXVmv8zl7G8RoV1K490UWkuT6y-ia6rFshqpB2xIaMfnYnkyg2qtI/s1600/batik2.png" bgcolor="#FFFFCC" border="0" id="table2"><tbody>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><h1><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">咖啡</span></h1><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><div><h3><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">药名</span></h3><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">咖啡</span></div></div><div><br />
<h3><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">别名</span></h3><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">咖啡豆</span></div><div><br />
<h3><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">汉语拼音</span></h3><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">ka fei</span></div><br />
<div><h3><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">拉丁植物动物矿物名</span></h3><ol><li><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">小果咖啡 Coffea arabica <i>L. </i></span><b>Arabica Coffee</b></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">中果咖啡 Coffea canephora <i>Pierre ex A. Froehner</i>. </span><b>Robusta Coffee</b></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">大果咖啡 Coffea liberica <i>W.Bull ex. Hiern. </i></span><b>Liberian coffee</b></li>
</ol></div><div><h3> </h3><h3><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">药代动力学</span></h3><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">甲基黄瞟吟类口服、直肠或注射给药均易吸收。该类化合物广泛分布于机体各处,并可透过胎盘屏障,也可由乳汁分泌。咖啡因和茶碱的表观分布容积相似,通常为0.4-0.6L/kg。茶碱和血浆蛋白的结合比例较咖啡因高,随着浓度增加,结合比例下降。该类化合物主要在肝中代谢。茶碱和咖啡因各只有15%和5%以原型从尿中排出。咖啡因的血浆半衰期为3-7小时,怀孕晚期或长期使用甾醇类口服避孕药妇女的半衰期要两倍于以上时间。未成熟婴儿对甲基黄嘌呤类化合物消除很慢,对咖啡因的平均半衰期超过50小时。咖啡因主要通过去甲基化(demethylation)和8位氧化的方式代谢,尿中主要代谢产物为L甲基黄嘌呤(l-methylxanthine),1-甲基尿酸(1-methyl-uric acid)等,少量也可形成茶碱和可可豆碱等其他黄嘌呤类化合物。</span></div></div><div><h3> </h3><h3><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">药理作用</span></h3><ol style="text-align: justify;"><li> <div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">对中枢神经系统的作用:咖啡主要有效成分咖啡因和其结构类似物茶碱有很强的中枢兴奋作用。但茶碱较咖啡因作用更强,维持时间更长。人服用咖啡因或饮用含咖啡因的饮料常常表现睡意消失,疲劳减轻,思维敏捷。剂量加大,中枢兴奋作用更加明显,出现紧张、焦虑、不安、失眠、震颤等。更大剂量则产生局部或全身痉挛。茶碱在这方面的作用明显强于咖啡因。咖啡因、茶碱等甲基黄嘌呤类化合物能增加呼吸中枢对CO2的敏感性。对呼吸中枢也有兴奋作用,这种作用在Cheyne-Stoke呼吸(Cheyne-Stoke respiration)和早产儿呼吸暂停等病理状态和用阿片类药物抑制呼吸的情况下更加明显。这类化合物尚可导致恶心和呕吐,这部分与其中枢作用有关。人服用85-250mg咖啡因可使长时间脑力劳动工作能力增强,反应时间缩短,但涉及精巧肌肉协调和准确计时或算术的工作能力有所下降。有恐惧症的患者对甲基黄嘌呤类化合物尤其敏感,在一项研究中,大多数这类患者服用咖啡因血浆浓度达8μg/ml时即表现焦虑、恐惧和其他恐惧症的典型症状。当中枢神经系统被用药物抑制时,低剂量的咖啡因等甲基黄嘌呤类化合物即可表现明显的中枢兴奋作用。另有资料表明这类化合物可特异性地对抗包括镇痛在内的阿片类制剂的作用。小鼠鞘内注射不产生痛觉过敏(hyperalgesia)剂量的咖啡因即可提高吗啡止痛的半数有效量。但尚无资料表明酒精中毒时,咖啡因可提高大脑功能。研究表明,长期服用咖啡因可产生耐受性和药物依赖性。 </span> </div></li>
<li> <div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">.对心血管系统的作用:咖啡因、茶碱等甲基黄嘌呤类化合物对循环系统有明显的作用。但它们的作用是复杂的,有时是矛盾的。这在很大程度上取决于当时的机体状态、剂量以及是否以前服用过这类药物。从前未用过这类药物的人服用咖啡因250-350mg可使心率稍有增加,同时收缩压和舒张压也有所上升。但上述剂量对常期服用咖啡因的人常常无任何作用。过去未服用过这类化合物的人服用咖啡因后引起的心率和血压升高是否与儿茶酚胺等化合物和血浆肾素活性升高有关还有待于进一步研究。但目前一致认为对于常期服用者,体内上述物质浓度并无明显变化。在高剂量下,咖啡因和茶碱都可造成心动过速。敏感患者可能出现期前收缩等心律失常。过量服用含咖啡因的饮料也可能出现心律失常,然而,对正常人这种诱发心律失常的危险性很小,对有缺血性心脏病或心室异位 (ventricular ectopy)的患者通常也能耐受中等剂量的咖啡因。甲基黄嘌呤类对脑血管有收缩作用,使脑血管阻力上升,并伴有脑血流量和脑氧张力下降。 </span> </div></li>
<li> <div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">对平滑肌的作用:甲基黄嘌呤类化合物可舒张各种平滑肌,其中最重要的是对气管平滑肌的舒张,尤其是在临床哮喘和实验中使用药物使气管平滑肌收缩的情况下作用尤为明显。茶碱是该类化合物中最为有效的平滑肌舒张药,但对其作用机制仍不清楚。此外,该类化合物尚能特异性地对抗阿片类药物对胃肠道的作用。 </span> </div></li>
<li> <div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">其他作用:咖啡因有增强人骨骼肌工作能力的作用,也能增加猫间接刺激四头肌的抽搐张力。在治疗剂量下,咖啡因和茶碱均可提高人膈肌的收缩力,减轻膈肌疲劳。此外,甲基黄嘌呤类化合物,特别是茶碱有利尿作用,其增加水和电解质的排泄与噻嗪类化合物相似,长期饮用咖啡可使血浆胆固醇浓度升高,但这并非由于咖啡因所致,而与咖啡所含其他成分有关。</span> </div></li>
</ol></div><br />
<div><h3><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">中药化学成分</span></h3><ol style="text-align: justify;"><li style="text-align: justify;"> <div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">小果咖啡果实含生物碱,其中最主要的是咖啡碱(coffeine),其次是可可豆碱(theobromine)和茶碱(theo-phylline)。种于含油,其中甾醇成分有:β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol),豆甾醇(stigmasterol),菜油甾醇(campesterol),胆甾醇(cholesterol)和微量的5-燕麦甾-烯醇(Δ5- avenasterol),7-燕麦甾烯醇(Δ7-avenasterol),7-豆甾-烯醇(Δ7-stigmasterol);又含类脂,其中脂肪酸成分是:肉豆寇酸(myristic acid),棕桐酸(palmitic acid),硬脂酸(stearic acid),油酸(oleic acid),亚油酸(linoleic acid),花生酸(arachidic acid)。根、茎。叶、苗中含咖啡碱、可可豆碱、茶碱、1,7-二甲基黄嘌呤(paraxanthine),东茛菪素(scope1etin),对-羟基苯甲酸(ρ-hydroxybenzoic acid),香草酸(vanillic acid),对-香豆酸(ρ-coumaric acid),阿魏酸(ferulicacid),绿原酸(ch1orogenic acid).咖啡酸(caffeic acid)。叶中还含熊果酸(ursolic acid)。 </span> </div></li>
<li> <div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">中果咖啡果实含生物碱:咖啡碱、可可豆碱、茶碱。种子油中甾醇成分有:β-谷甾醇、24-亚甲基环木菠萝烷醇(24- methylenecycloartanol),5-燕麦甾-烯醇等。种子还含咖啡酸,阿魏酸,3-0,4-O-和5-O-咖啡酰奎宁酸 (caffeoylquinic acid),3,4-0-3,5-O-和4,5-O-二咖啡酰奎宁酸(dicaffeoylquinic acid),3-O-阿魏酰奎宁酸(3-0-feruloylquinic acid),3-O-阿魏酰-4-O-咖啡酰奎宁酸(3-O-feruloyl-4-O-caffeoylquinic acid),3-O-咖啡酰-4-O-阿魏酞奎宁酸(3-O-caffeoyl-4-O-feruloylquinic acid)。</span> </div></li>
<li> <div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">大果咖啡果实含咖啡酸。叶中还含1,3,7,9-四甲基尿酸(theacrine,1,3,7,9-tetramethyluric acid),大果咖啡碱(liber-ine)就是0(2),1,9-三甲基尿酸[0(2),1, 9-trimethyluric acid〕,甲基大果咖啡碱(methyllibetine)就是0(2),1,7,9-四甲基尿酸(O(2),1,7,9-tetramethyluric acid]。</span> </div></li>
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<div><h3><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">功效</span></h3><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">醒神;利尿;健胃</span></div><br />
<div><h3><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">科属分类</span></h3><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">茜草科</span></div><br />
<div><h3><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">拉丁文名</span></h3><ol><li><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">Semen Coffeae Arabicae</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">Semen Coffeae Canephorae</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">Semen Coffeae Libericae</span></li>
</ol></div><br />
<div><h3><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">药(毒)理学</span></h3><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">眼用咖啡因致死的现象很少发生。成人短时服用咖啡因的致死量约为5-10g,服用1g即可出现不良反应,多见中枢神经和循环系统症状。以失眠,不安和激动等早期症状发展到轻度昏迷、呕吐、痉挛,肌肉紧张和震颤,心动过速和期外收缩(extrasysto1e)也常见。此外,还可见呼吸加快。</span></div></div><br />
<div><h3><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">主治</span></h3><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">精神倦怠;食欲不振</span></div><br />
<div><h3><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">生态环境</span></h3><ol><li> <div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">原产热带非洲。 </span> </div></li>
<li> <div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">原产非洲。 </span> </div></li>
<li> <div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">原产非洲。</span> </div></li>
</ol></div><br />
<div><h3><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">采收和储藏</span></h3><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">果皮开始变红即可采收。采果期因种类而异,小粒种9-11月采,9-10月为盛果期;中粒种11月至次年6月采,2-4月为盛果期。加工方法有两种: </span> <br />
<ol><li> <div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">干制法:鲜果晒干或烘干后,用脱壳机脱去果皮和种皮,筛去杂质即成。</span> </div></li>
<li> <div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">湿制法:此法用于大规模生产。将鲜果用脱皮机脱皮,分开豆粒与果皮,再将脱去皮的豆粒在水中浸泡脱胶,洗净,干燥,再脱去种皮即得商品咖啡豆。</span> </div></li>
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<div><h3><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">资源分布</span></h3><ol><li> <div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">我国华南、西南有引种栽培。 </span> </div></li>
<li> <div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">我国海南、广东等地有栽培。</span> </div></li>
<li> <div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">我国广东、云南、海南等地有栽培。</span> </div></li>
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<div><h3><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">动植物形态</span></h3><ol><li> <div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">小果咖啡,灌木或小乔木,高4-7m。老枝灰白色,节膨大;枝对生,稀3枝轮生。叶对生;叶柄长 8-15mm;托叶阔三角形,生于幼枝上部的顶端钻状长尖,生于老枝上的顶端突尖,长3-6mm;叶片薄革质,卵状披针形或披针形,长6-14cm,宽 3.5-5cm,先端长渐尖,基部楔形或略尖,边缘波状或浅波状,两面无毛。聚伞花序数个簇生于叶腋;总花梗无或极短;苞片基部合生;花梗长 0.5-1.5mm;萼筒管形,长2.5-3mm,先端截平或5小齿;花冠白色,长度因品种而异,常为10-18mm,先端5裂,少4或6裂,裂片长于花冠筒;花药长6-8mm,外露;花柱长12-14mm,柱头2裂。浆果椭圆形,长12-16mm。种子背面突起。长8-10mm。花期3-4月,果熟期 9-11月。 </span> </div></li>
<li> <div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">中果咖啡CoffeacanephoraPierreexFroehn.又名:中粒咖啡、中粒种咖啡《海南植物志》。本种与小果咖啡的区别是:叶长15-30cm,宽6-12cm,先端急尖或阔急尖。果卵状球形,长和宽近相等,均为10-12mm。 </span> </div></li>
<li> <div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">大果咖啡CoffealibericaBul1.exH1en又名:大粒咖啡、大粒种咖啡《海南植物志》。本种与小果咖啡的区别是:叶较大,长 15-30cm,宽6-12cm,先端阔急尖,叶背面脉腋内的窝孔常具短丛毛。果阔椭圆形,长19-21m,直径15-17mm。</span> </div></li>
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<div><h3><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">功效分类</span></h3><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">醒神药;利尿药;健胃药</span></div><div><h3> </h3><h3><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">生药材鉴定</span></h3><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">性状鉴别: <br />
1.小果咖啡种子已除去种皮,呈椭圆形或卵形,长8-10mm,直径5-7mm,中间部厚3-4mm,背面隆起,腹面平坦,有稍弯曲的纵沟及纸样种皮痕迹。生品类黄色或暗绿色;焙焦品暗棕色,有特异香气,味微苦。涩。 <br />
2.中果咖啡种子稍大,卵球形,长9-11mm,直径7-9mm,背面隆起,腹面平坦。 <br />
3.大果咖啡种子长圆形,长约15mm,直径约10mm,平滑。 <br />
</span></div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">显微鉴别:</span></div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">小果咖啡种子粉末特征:生品为淡黄绿色,焙焦品为棕色。 </span> </div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> <br />
①棕色块状物众多,大小不一。 <br />
②纤维细长。 <br />
③石细胞类长方形、类圆形,长可达200μm,直径20-40μm,孔沟明显。 <br />
④胚乳细胞壁厚,纹孔可见,含蛋白质粒及脂肪。 理化鉴别取本品粉末少许,置载玻片上,加水少许,加热,待水分蒸干后,加苯2滴,干后,可见沿载玻片边缘有淡黄色众多针晶。(检查咖啡因)</span></div></div><br />
<div><h3><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">性味</span></h3><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">微苦;涩;平</span></div><div><h3> </h3><h3><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">中药化学鉴定</span></h3><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">理化鉴别 取本品粉末少置载玻片上,加水少许,加热,待水分蒸干后,加苯2滴,干后,可见沿载玻片边缘有淡黄色众多针晶。(检查咖啡因)</span></div><br />
<div><h3><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">药材基源</span></h3><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">为茜草科植物小果咖啡、中果咖啡及大果咖啡的种子。</span></div><div><h3> </h3><h3><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">用法用量</span></h3><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">内服:研末煎汤,6-10g。</span></div><br />
<div><h3><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">出处</span></h3><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">《中华本草》</span></div><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> </span> <br />
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</div>Bambang Puryantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11561929982352308329noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4883520132502124.post-38048934977419246822011-06-13T10:57:00.000-07:002011-06-13T11:17:38.973-07:00COFFEE FOR BRAIN 11<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><h1><a href="http://miraculummundi.blogspot.com/2011/06/coffee-for-brain-11.html">COFFEE FOR BRAIN 11</a></h1><br />
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><h1>How does black coffee benefit you?</h1><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><div id="news-wrap"><div id="left-column-news"><div class="floatleft"><span class="db-wrapper db-clear db-large"><span class="db-container db-submit"><span class="db-body db-large"></span></span></span> </div><div class="floatleft articleimg"><div style="text-align: center;"><img alt="Benefits of Coffee" border="0" height="135" src="http://www.executivehm.com/media/media-news/news-thumb/090901/coffee.jpg" /> </div><div style="text-align: center;">Benefits of Coffee</div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
It seems not only is it green tea that is good for you, but black tea has been revealed as having benefits as well. Now, recent studies have said that coffee drinkers are less likely to develop Alzheimer's, colon cancer and diabetes than non-drinkers, and they are also less likely to die from heart disease. Despite this, coffee isn't for everyone, with reports showing that for some people coffee simply brings with it insomnia, anxiety issues and irregular heartbeat. Plus, too much coffee during pregnancy can increase the risk of miscarriage.</div><br />
<div style="text-align: center;"><a class="lightbox" href="http://www.executivehm.com/media/media-news/infographics/090901-xx-CoffeeBenefits.png"> <img height="277" src="http://www.executivehm.com/media/media-news/infographics/090901-xx-CoffeeBenefits.png" style="border: 2px solid black;" width="400" /></a></div><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">However, if you do enjoy a cup, read on to find out the health benefits of coffee and perhaps prevent the risk of the following 10 health issues, according to <a class="smarterwiki-linkify" href="http://www.beliefnet.com/"> www.beliefnet.com</a></div><ul><li>Avoid Alzheimer's</li>
<li>Curb cancer risk</li>
<li>Defend against diabetes</li>
<li>Reduce workout pain</li>
<li>Guard against gout</li>
<li>Deter death from heart disease</li>
<li>Preserve your memory</li>
<li>Protect against Parkinson's</li>
<li>Reduce risk of gall and kidney stones</li>
<li>Reduce the risk of a stroke</li>
</ul>Here, we look at a select few on the list:<br />
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<b>Alzheimer's:</b><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">Apparently, a 2009 study found that people who drink three to five cups of coffee at midlife, were 65 percent less likely to develop Alzheimer's in later life, compared to those who drank little or no coffee. Other research suggests that the caffeine in coffee may reduce production of the protein beta-amyloid, deposits of which often form in the brains of Alzheimer's patients.</div><br />
<b>Cancer:</b><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">The antioxidant which is found in coffee, may help to prevent several types of cancer. A Japanese study found that women who drank three or more cups of coffee per day had half the risk of developing colon cancer compared to those who didn't drink it. Other studies have linked coffee consumption with a reduced risk of endometrial, kidney, and oral cancers.</div><br />
<b>Diabetes:</b><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">A 2006 study found that drinking coffee can lower the risk of developing type 2 diabetes by up to 60 percent. The antioxidants, minerals, and caffeine in coffee may help keep diabetes at bay by improving glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity.</div><br />
<b>Memory:</b><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">According to two studies in 2007, coffee may help to preserve your memory. One study found that older women who drank more than three cups of coffee per day experienced less memory decline over time than those who drank one cup of coffee or less per day. The other study found that older men who consumed three cups of coffee a day had a slower rate of cognitive decline than those who drank either more or less than this amount.</div><br />
<b>Strokes:</b><br />
In 2009, a study found that women who drank four or more cups of coffee per day, had a 20 percent lower risk of a stroke, compared to those that had less than one cup a month. It is believed that the antioxidants in coffee offer protection by improving blood vessel function.<br />
<div></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Just think, next time you put the kettle on for that cup of coffee, you could be in fact helping yourself.</div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><div align="justify"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"> <a href="http://www.executivehm.com/news/health-benefits-coffee/"> http://www.executivehm.com/news/health-benefits-coffee/</a> </span></div><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><h1>Reduce post-workout muscle pain – by drinking two cups of coffee before you start exercising.</h1><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<div align="justify">It may sound a little unlikely, but a recent study indicates that drinking coffee can reduce the muscle pain you feel after a workout. </div><div align="justify">More specifically, the study looked just at women who were not habitual coffee drinkers. It was in this group that drinking two cups of coffee before a workout seemed to help so much in reducing muscle pain. </div><div align="justify">(If it worked for the women in the study, we don’t see any reason why it wouldn’t work for men either. Not that we’re medical experts.) </div><div align="justify">Here’s what researcher Patrick O'Connor of the department of kinesiology at the University of Georgia said... </div><div align="justify">"A lot of times what people use for muscle pain is drugs like aspirin or ibuprofen, but caffeine seems to work better than those drugs, at least among women whose daily caffeine consumption is low." </div><div align="justify">Better than aspirin or ibuprofen? That’s pretty amazing, when you think of the number of people who take over the counter pain killers to ease their muscle pain after exercise. </div><div align="justify">The researchers did add one cautionary note, however. Two cups of coffee, for the caffeine, is about right. But don’t go crazy and have five coffees instead. You may end up having heart palpitations or, at least, a case of the jitters. </div><div align="justify">Anyway, it’s good to read about yet another study that shows coffee lovers some of the benefits of drinking our favorite brew. </div><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><div align="justify"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"> <a href="http://www.coffeedetective.com/muscle-pain.html"> http://www.coffeedetective.com/muscle-pain.html</a></span></div><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><h1>The Gourmet Coffee Lifestyle – how coffee has come to change our lives.</h1><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<div align="justify">Not so long ago, viewing gourmet coffee as part of your lifestyle would have been unimaginable.</div><div align="justify"><br />
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</div><div align="justify">Most coffee was purchased in cans from supermarkets, and the quality was uniformly poor.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">One would grab a coffee before work and take coffee breaks during the day. But coffee was chosen for its kick more than for the quality of its taste.</div><div align="justify">Today, with the growth of specialty gourmet coffees, coffee has come to touch our lives in a lot of new and different ways.</div><div align="justify">Companies like <a href="http://clickserve.cc-dt.com/link/click?lid=41000000029084495"> Green Mountain Coffee</a> now cater to just about every possible taste in coffee, and have even impacted the way we make coffee at home with their <a href="http://clickserve.cc-dt.com/link/click?lid=41000000029084495"> K-Cup brewers</a>.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"><b>Now we go to Starbucks instead of a diner...</b></div><div align="justify">You can still go to a diner and get an anonymous coffee served with your meal. But the experience is utterly different from that of going to Starbucks or some other gourmet coffee shop.</div><div align="justify">In a coffee shop you have a range of different coffees to choose from -- from Central or South America, East Africa, the Far East and even Hawaii.</div><div align="justify">You can have a straight coffee, or order an espresso, cappuccino, latté or any one of a host of other concoctions.</div><div align="justify">For many, going to a coffee shop has become part of their daily routine, part of their life. It has become desirable to hang out in a coffee shop. It is a place to meet with friends, hold business meetings or spend time on your own and read, or just sit and enjoy the ambience.</div><div align="justify">This may sound obvious and ordinary to us today. But just a few decades ago there were no coffee shops of the kind we have now. No place where you would be surrounded by the sounds and smells of coffee beans being ground and brewed.</div><div align="justify">Gourmet coffee and coffee shops have changed the landscape of many neighborhoods, and changed the daily routines of many people who live and work in the area. </div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"><b>You can now make gourmet coffee at home and enjoy a quality equal to what you’ll find in a coffee shop...</b></div><div align="justify">The availability of whole coffee beans in stores and online has brought the gourmet coffee experience into our homes.</div><div align="justify">Now we can <a href="http://www.coffeedetective.com/burr-coffee-grinder.html"> grind our own beans</a>, try coffees from <a href="http://www.coffeedetective.com/gourmet-specialty-coffee.html"> different countries and regions</a> and make a cup of coffee that tastes just as good as what we buy in a coffee shop or restaurant.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"><b>You have an amazing choice of coffee makers...</b></div><div align="justify">It used to be that everyone used a percolator or standard drip brewer.</div><div align="justify">Now you can choose from a much broader selection of <a href="http://www.coffeedetective.com/best-coffee-makers.html"> coffee makers</a>, to suit your own lifestyle and your level of interest in coffee making.</div><div align="justify"><a href="http://www.coffeedetective.com/single-serve-coffee-makers.html"> One cup coffee brewers</a> serve the needs of those who want to brew-and-run. While French presses and vacuum brewers delight those who want to take a little time and enjoy the visual and tactile experience of making fine coffee.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"><b>You can make the act of buying whole coffee beans part of your social conscience...</b></div><div align="justify">You can buy <a href="http://www.coffeedetective.com/organic-coffee-beans.html"> organic coffee beans</a> or <a href="http://www.coffeedetective.com/organic-fair-trade-coffee.html"> fair trade coffee beans</a>. Either way, you are making an impact on the lives of coffee growers. </div><div align="justify">In the case of fair trade coffee in particular, every cup of coffee you drink helps pull small coffee farmers out of a cycle of poverty and helps their communities.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"><b>Coffee has always stimulated conversations...</b></div><div align="justify">If you go back a few centuries to the coffee houses of the Middle East and Europe, you’ll see there is nothing new about people gathering together and talking over coffee.</div><div align="justify">The coffee houses and people’s interest in coffee may have disappeared for a while, but the desire to enjoy fine coffees in the company of others is now back.</div><div align="justify">Whether enjoyed at home or in coffee shops, drinking gourmet coffee has become part of the lifestyle of millions of people around the world.</div><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><div align="justify"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"> <a href="http://www.coffeedetective.com/gourmet-coffee-lifestyle.html"> http://www.coffeedetective.com/gourmet-coffee-lifestyle.html</a> </span></div><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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</div>Bambang Puryantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11561929982352308329noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4883520132502124.post-65187110363768142792011-06-13T10:44:00.001-07:002011-06-13T10:54:38.150-07:00COFFEE FOR BRAIN 10<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><h1><a href="http://miraculummundi.blogspot.com/2011/06/coffee-for-brain-10.html">COFFEE FOR BRAIN 10</a></h1><div align="center"><table background="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEy2sReccgydABG9B8xcJLraLs6EZ5SCc8gPEZ44hiMMAjNahYM2OJOHW2Ze9uhRabod1bWRzeoMbVBFsY6BNstswXVmv8zl7G8RoV1K490UWkuT6y-ia6rFshqpB2xIaMfnYnkyg2qtI/s1600/batik2.png" bgcolor="#FFFFCC" border="0" id="table2"><tbody>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><h1>There are very few calories in coffee...if you drink it black.</h1><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<div align="justify">When it comes to the calories in coffee, there’s good news and bad news.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">The good news is that if you drink your coffee black, there are very few calories indeed.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">So you can feel pretty good about yourself. Coffee is a mild stimulant, is packed with antioxidants and can stand head to head with most other “health” beverages in your local health food store.</div><div align="justify">The problem with the calories in your coffee is not about the coffee at all. It’s about what you add to your coffee.</div><div align="justify">The sugar, milk, cream, soy and syrups can all add a lot of extra calories.</div><div align="justify">Here is a rough breakdown of the calories you can expect to consume, according to how you like to take your coffee.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">The figures listed below are for 12-ounce servings. </div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">10 calories - Regular cup of coffee, no cream or sugar </div><div align="justify">110 calories - Regular cup of coffee, plus cream and sugar </div><div align="justify">120 calories - Cappuccino </div><div align="justify">200 calories - Latte </div><div align="justify">310 calories - Mocha with whipped cream </div><div align="justify">370 calories - Starbucks White Chocolate Mocha Frappuccino</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">As you can see, the fancier the coffee concoction, the higher the number of calories.</div><div align="justify">So, while there are very few calories in coffee itself, the calories in a coffee beverage can be quite high.</div><div align="justify"><br />
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><h1>Antioxidants in coffee – the number one source of antioxidants in the U.S. diet.</h1><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<div align="justify">Antioxidants in coffee? Yes, indeed. And plenty of them according to researcher Joe Vinson, PhD, a chemistry professor at the University of Scranton.</div><div align="justify"><br />
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</div><div align="justify">Fruits like dates, cranberries and grapes are high in antioxidants, and pack plenty of other benefits in terms of vitamins and minerals.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">But when it comes to getting antioxidants from natural sources, Americans get more from coffee than they do from any fruits, vegetables or other beverages.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"><b>So what makes coffee number one?</b></div><div align="justify">It’s not that antioxidants in coffee come in the highest concentrations when compared with other natural sources.</div><div align="justify">The key is that we simple consume more coffee than any other source of antioxidants.</div><div align="justify">It’s the volume of coffee the average American drinks that tips the balance.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"><b>Make coffee part of a broader, healthy diet...</b></div><div align="justify">This is good news for coffee lovers, but also worth knowing about if you take a lot of care over your diet, and have considered coffee to be one of the “bad guys”.</div><div align="justify">Coffee has numerous health benefits, and the amount of antioxidants it delivers can make a significant contribution to your fight against the damaging effects of free radicals in your body.</div><div align="justify">Better news still...there are just as many antioxidants in coffee that has been decaffeinated.</div><div align="justify">So whether you like to wake up with a jolt, or prefer a nice decaf, your morning coffee will still be your number one ally in the fight against free radicals.</div><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><h1>Coffee and Diabetes – studies confirm that coffee drinking reduces the risk of the onset of type 2 diabetes.</h1><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<div align="justify">Medical researchers have been aware of the beneficial connection between coffee and diabetes for many years now. </div><div align="justify">If you feel that your family medical history or lifestyle put you at risk of getting Type 2 Diabetes, then drinking coffee can significantly reduce that risk. </div><div align="justify">Diabetes affects an estimated 18.2 million Americans, and the number rises each year. Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of the disease, and prevents the body from producing enough insulin. </div><div align="justify">Here are a couple of excerpts from recent press releases, just to give you an idea of the amount of study that has gone into the topic of coffee and diabetes. </div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"><i><b>Long-Term Coffee Consumption Linked to Reduced Risk for Type 2 Diabetes</b></i></div><div align="justify"><i><b> </b></i> </div><div align="justify"><i>Boston, MA— A study by researchers at the Harvard School of Public Health and Brigham and Women’s Hospital has found that participants who regularly drank coffee significantly reduced the risk of onset of type 2 diabetes, compared to non-coffee drinking participants. The findings appear in the January 6, 2004 issue of the Annals of Internal Medicine. </i></div><div align="justify"><i>More than 125,000 study participants who were free of diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular disease at the start of the study were selected from the on-going Health Professionals Follow-up Study and the Brigham and Women’s Hospital-based Nurses Health Study. Some 41,934 men were tracked from 1986 to 1998 and 84,276 women from 1980 to 1998 via food frequency questionnaires every two to four years to assess their intake of both regular and decaffeinated coffee. </i> </div><div align="justify"><i>During the span of the study, 1,333 new cases of type 2 diabetes were diagnosed in men and 4,085 among the women participants. The researchers also found that for men, those who drank more than six cups of caffeinated coffee per day reduced their risk for type 2 diabetes by more than 50 percent compared to men in the study who didn’t drink coffee. Among the women, those who drank six or more cups per day reduced the risk of type 2 diabetes by nearly 30 percent. These effects were not accounted for by lifestyle factors such as smoking, exercise, or obesity. Decaffeinated coffee was also beneficial, but its effects were weaker than regular coffee.</i> </div><div align="right">Source: Harvard School of Public Health </div><div align="justify"><br />
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</div><div align="justify"><i><b>Coffee May Fight Diabetes</b></i></div><div align="justify"><i><b> </b></i> </div><div align="justify"><i>Previous studies have linked drinking coffee to a lower risk of type 2 diabetes as well as other health benefits. But researchers aren't sure how coffee lowers these risks. </i></div><div align="justify"><i>In this study, researchers looked at the relationship between women's coffee-drinking habits and the level of C-peptide in the blood. Using the records of more than 2,000 women who participated in the Nurses' Health Study, researchers compared how much regular or decaffeinated coffee the women said they drank from 1984-1990 and the level of C-peptide in blood samples taken in 1990. </i></div><div align="justify"><i>They found that the more coffee the women drank, the lower the level of C-peptide. Women who drank more than four cups of regular or decaffeinated coffee had C-peptide levels that were 13% and 14% lower, respectively, than women who never drank coffee. </i></div><div align="justify"><i>This relationship between caffeinated coffee and C-peptide levels was even stronger in obese and overweight women, who had 22% and 18% lower levels of this hormone component, respectively, compared to non-coffee drinkers. </i></div><div align="justify"><i>Researchers say the results suggest that caffeine as well as other elements in coffee may work separately as well as together in lowering the risk of type 2 diabetes by preventing insulin resistance. They say long-term studies are needed to investigate the effects of both caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee on insulin resistance and other risk factors for diabetes.</i> </div><div align="right">Source: WebMD.com </div><div align="justify"><br />
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</div><div align="justify"><b>Coffee and Diabetes – a risk reduction of between 30% and 50%</b> </div><div align="justify">When studies show that drinking several cups of coffee a day can reduce the risk of the onset of type 2 diabetes in men by up to 50%, it makes you question all that media talk about coffee being bad for you. </div><div align="justify">The story of coffee and diabetes is just one example of how drinking coffee can prevent serious, life-threatening diseases. </div><div align="justify">Coffee has numerous health benefits. In addition to which, discovering the world of coffee and the myriad flavors you will enjoy can become a lifelong pleasure and adventure. </div><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"> <h1>Increase your brain power with coffee – a natural and effective stimulant.</h1><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"> <div align="justify">This is something we all know anyway. You increase your brain power with coffee every morning when you first get up.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">And when our concentration and focus begin to flag at work, we take a coffee break and perk ourselves up again with another cup.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">We all know that coffee is a mild and natural neural stimulant, and don’t need scientists to tell us this.</div><div align="justify">That said, it’s reassuring to know that there are studies confirming what we already to know to be true.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><blockquote> <div align="justify">In The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics by Dr. J. Murdoch Ritchieh, he reports.... On the positive side, caffeine produces <i>"a more rapid and clearer flow of thought,"</i> and allays <i>"drowsiness and fatigue. After taking caffeine one is capable of greater sustained intellectual effort and a more perfect association of ideas. There is also a keener appreciation of sensory stimuli, and motor activity is increased; typists, for example, work faster and with fewer errors."</i></div></blockquote><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"><b>How coffee appears to increase your brain power...</b></div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">The caffeine in coffee blocks a brain chemical called adenosine, which prompts feelings of drowsiness. </div><div align="justify">Ordinarily, brain cells release adenosine when they're overworked. Brain cells need to take a break sometimes, just like any other cell in our bodies. Adenosine is released to calm the activity of your brain cells, and give them some down time.</div><div align="justify">This is fine, except when you are about to write an exam, do a presentation at work or feel drowsy after a fine dinner.</div><div align="justify">By blocking the release of adenosine, coffee gives the impression that is can increase your brainpower just when you need it.</div><div align="justify">However, as research continues, adenosine-blocking doesn’t appear to be the only mechanism by which coffee works on the brain.</div><div align="justify">Consider this excerpt on caffeine and short-term memory:</div><div align="justify"><i>"We still need to learn more about caffeine's effect on mental resources," says Florian Koppelstaetter, MD, in a news release. Koppelstaetter is a radiology fellow at Austria's Medical University Innsbruck.</i></div><div align="justify"><i>Koppelstaetter and colleagues studied about a dozen healthy adults. Caffeine boosted activity in brain regions related to attention and short-term memory, the researchers report.</i></div><div align="justify"><i>They presented their findings in Chicago at the annual meeting of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA).</i></div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"><b>Relax...coffee does increase your brainpower...</b></div><div align="justify">In a world filled with expensive supplements claiming to boost memory and intelligence, we find it reassuring to know that you can save some money and increase your brainpower naturally, by drinking our favorite beverage...coffee.</div><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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</div>Bambang Puryantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11561929982352308329noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4883520132502124.post-2803942360409484142011-06-13T10:31:00.001-07:002011-06-13T10:43:49.346-07:00COFFEE FOR BRAIN 9<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><h1><a href="http://miraculummundi.blogspot.com/2011/06/coffee-for-brain-9.html">COFFEE FOR BRAIN 9</a></h1><br />
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><h1>Coffee and Liver Disease – drinking coffee provides protection for high-risk individuals.</h1><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<div align="justify">There's plenty of good news about coffee and liver disease. </div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">After so many years of being told that coffee is bad for us, it’s hard to keep up with the more recent studies that tell us the opposite. </div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">Whether it’s diabetes, colon cancer or the effects of smoking, all we hear now is good news about coffee. </div><div align="justify"><b>With regard to liver disease, consider these two news items:</b> </div><div align="justify"><i><b>Coffee reduces risk of death from liver disease</b></i> </div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"><i>Drinking three cups of coffee daily may reduce the risk of mortality from liver cirrhosis, suggest researchers in Norway. </i></div><div align="justify"><i>The team from the Norwegian Institute of Public Health in Oslo followed up 51,306 adults who underwent screening for cardiovascular disease from 1977 to 1983. During this time, 53 deaths were cirrhosis-related, and 36 of these deaths were attributed to alcoholic cirrhosis. The relative risk of liver cirrhosis, adjusted for sex, age, alcohol use and other major cardiovascular risk factors, seemed to be reduced by 40 per cent for those drinking three daily cups of coffee. For alcoholic cirrhosis the results were identical, reported the researchers in this month's Annals of Epidemiology. </i></div><div align="justify"><i>“The present study confirms the existence of an inverse association between coffee consumption and liver cirrhosis,” concluded the researchers, although they could not explain which component of coffee was producing the protective effect. The beneficial ingredient is unlikely to be caffeine however.</i> </div><div align="right">Source: nutraingredients-usa.com, 2005 </div><div align="justify"><br />
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</div><div align="justify"><i><b>Coffee, Caffeine Consumption Associated With Reduced Liver Disease</b></i> </div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"><i>A U.S. population study of 5,944 adults conducted by researchers at the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) has found a strong association between coffee drinking and caffeine consumption and a lower risk of liver injury in persons at high risk for liver disease. </i></div><div align="justify"><i>The researchers defined the high-risk population as those who reported being heavy drinkers of alcohol, or who had hepatitis B or C, iron overload, were obese, or had impaired glucose metabolism. Liver injury was defined as a serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity level in excess of 43 U/L. </i></div><div align="justify"><i>The researchers reported that overall, the greater the coffee consumption, the greater the association with liver protection (P = .034 for the trend). The highest consumption noted was more than two cups of coffee per day. Consumers of more than two cups of coffee per day had an odds ratio (OR) for elevated ALT of 0.56 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.31 - 1.0); those who drank one to two cups had an OR of 0.83 (95% CI, 0.49 - 1.4). Those who drank less than one cup had an odds ratio of 1.4 (95% CI, 0.84 - 2.4), with zero cups being assigned an OR of 1.0.</i> </div><div align="right">Source: Medscape Medical News, 2004 </div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"><b>No miracle cure, but...</b> </div><div align="justify">Nobody is suggesting that coffee will cure you of liver disease, not now or in the future. But it’s reassuring to know that the brew we enjoy so much has some very healthy attributes. </div><div align="justify">Coffee and liver disease is just one of the areas where caffeine appears to play an active and positive role. </div><br />
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><h1>Your risk of developing skin cancer is reduced by taking exercise and drinking coffee.</h1><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<div align="justify">Drinking coffee appears to lower the risk of developing skin cancer.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">A research team at Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, has shown that a combination of exercise and some caffeine protects against the destructive effects of the sun’s ultraviolet-B (UVB) radiation, known to induce skin cancer. </div><div align="justify">The caffeine and exercise seemingly work together in killing off pre-cancerous cells whose DNA has been damaged by UVB-rays. </div><div align="justify">They used mice in their study, but it seems that the outcome would be the same for humans too. </div><div align="justify">This study is significant because, according to the National Cancer Institute, sunlight-induced skin cancer is the most prevalent cancer in the United States with more than 1 million new cases each year. </div><div align="justify">So if you like coffee and take a little exercise as well, it sounds like you’ll be protected. </div><div align="justify">Once again, it seems that coffee is a health drink with some pretty amazing properties. </div><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><h1>Coffee and heart disease – coffee drinking actively reduces your risk of dying from heart disease.</h1><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<div align="justify">A study published in the Annals of Internal Medicine examined the relationship between coffee and mortality. </div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">It is based on the coffee drinking habits of 41,736 men and 86,216 women with no history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) or cancer. The men were followed for 18 years, the women for 24 years.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">The results show that those who drank more coffee had a lower risk of dying of cardiovascular disease [heart attacks]. </div><div align="justify">The association is explained mostly by a decrease in cardiovascular disease deaths, Lopez-Garcia says. </div><div align="justify">Women who drank two to three cups of coffee a day, for instance, had a 25% lower risk of dying from heart disease than non-drinkers.</div><div align="justify">In addition, researchers from the SUNY Downstate Medical Center and Brooklyn College have discovered that drinking plenty of coffee protects the over-65s from heart disease.</div><div align="justify">Decaf won’t help, as it’s the caffeine in coffee that has the protective effect.</div><div align="justify">According to John Kassotis, MD, "The protection against death from heart disease in the elderly afforded by caffeine is likely due to caffeine's enhancement of blood pressure."</div><div align="justify">Best of all, if you’re over 65 and a coffee lover, it seems the benefits are dose-related. That is to say, the more coffee you drink, the greater the protection provided.</div><div align="justify">This does not, of course, mean you should be self-treating existing heart conditions with huge amounts of coffee each day.</div><div align="justify">Coffee isn’t a treatment for anything, least of all heart disease.</div><div align="justify">But it is reassuring to see that as each month goes by, more and more studies are revealing a broad range of health benefits associated with drinking coffee.</div><div align="justify">Coffee is not only delicious, and the perfect way to wake up each morning, but it is also good for our health. </div><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"> <h1>Carbohydrates in Coffee – there are none. And only 9 calories in each cup.</h1><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"> <div align="justify">That’s right, there are no carbohydrates in coffee, and so few calories you could burn them off with a walk around the block.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">Of course, these figures are for a cup of fresh-brewed coffee, from beans, and without cream or sugar. The way you like to fix your coffee with cream and sugar will certainly have an impact on the final amount of carbohydrates and calories you ingest.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">But compared with most beverages around the house, coffee is very light on the bad stuff, and bursting with good stuff.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"><b>Coffee is one of the nutritional “good guys”...</b> </div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><blockquote style="text-align: justify;"> * Coffee contains no cholesterol and no saturated fat<br />
* Coffee is low in sodium<br />
* Coffee beans contain no sugar<br />
* Coffee is high in magnesium, pantothenic acid, potassium and riboflavin...all of them good for you.<br />
</blockquote><br />
Compare that with a few cans of soda, and you‘ll see that coffee gives you all the kick, without the drawbacks.<br />
<b>Coffee is a natural stimulant too...</b><br />
We all know how caffeine gives us a kick when we drink coffee. But you may not know that caffeine is also the principle active ingredient in a lot of weight-loss supplements.<br />
Can coffee really help you lose weight? In spite of its widespread use, there is considerable debate about whether caffeine really does help you lose weight.<br />
So let’s split the difference, and relax in the knowledge that coffee won’t make you fat. As for carbohydrates in coffee, that’s one thing you don’t have to worry about at all.<br />
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"> <div align="justify"> <span style="font-size: xx-small;"> <a href="http://www.coffeedetective.com/carbohydrates-in-coffee.html"> http://www.coffeedetective.com/carbohydrates-in-coffee.html</a> </span></div><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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</div>Bambang Puryantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11561929982352308329noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4883520132502124.post-32069349483739897662011-06-13T10:14:00.000-07:002011-06-13T10:30:31.629-07:00COFFEE FOR BRAIN 8<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><h1><a href="http://miraculummundi.blogspot.com/2011/06/coffee-for-brain-8.html">COFFEE FOR BRAIN 8</a></h1><br />
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><h1>Prevent Alzheimer's disease by drinking five cups of coffee a day.</h1><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><div align="justify">As remarkable as it may seem, scientists have conducted a study which suggests you can go a long way towards preventing Alzheimer's disease simply by drinking five cups of coffee a day. </div><div align="justify"><br />
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</div><div align="justify">Gary Arendash, a researcher at the Byrd Alzheimer's Institute in Tampa, Florida, says giving mice with Alzheimer's the human equivalent of five cups of coffee, or 500 grams of caffeine, a day has plaque-busting effects and reverses symptoms of impaired memory in aging Alzheimer's mice. </div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">According to his study, the caffeine in coffee can reduce levels of two enzymes that play a role in the complex process of amyloid plaque formation. </div><div align="justify">"I don't know of any drug under development that can address and suppress both of these enzymes," Arendash said. </div><div align="justify">The remarkable thing is that a simple cup of coffee appears to have more effect on preventing Alzheimer's than the expensive pharmaceuticals currently being used to treat the disease. </div><div align="justify">Maybe we shouldn't be entirely surprised by these findings, as coffee has long been known to enhance people's cognitive abilities. That's why we drink coffee to sharpen our concentration or "wake up" quickly in the morning. </div><div align="justify">Can coffee really prevent Alzheimer's? More studies will need to be done. But this early research is very promising. </div><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><div align="justify"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"> <a href="http://www.coffeedetective.com/prevent-alzheimers-disease.html"> http://www.coffeedetective.com/prevent-alzheimers-disease.html</a> </span></div><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><h1>If you drink coffee every day, you almost certainly have a coffee addiction.</h1><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><div align="justify">Or, to be more accurate, you have a caffeine addiction. Which means that your addiction could just as well be to tea or cola. But for the purpose of this article, we'll talk about coffee.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Recent research suggests that drinking even a small amount of coffee each day can result in addiction.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div></div><div style="text-align: justify;">How can you tell?</div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div style="text-align: justify;">One way is to monitor how you feel when your regular coffee routine is interrupted.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div style="text-align: justify;">For instance, when you stay over with friends, or spend the night at a hotel, how do you feel in the morning when you can't automatically reach for your coffee brewer?</div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Or how about when you're running late for work and can't stop off and pick up your usual brew?</div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div>When you have a coffee addiction, the effects of withdrawal can be quite noticeable. Here are just some of the symptoms people feel when suddenly deprived of their caffeine fix:<br />
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- Headache<br />
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- Fatigue or drowsiness<br />
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- Depression or irritability<br />
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- Difficulty in concentrating<br />
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- Flulike symptoms including nausea, muscle pain, and stiffness<br />
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<div style="text-align: justify;">According to one researcher, "With regard to severity, 13 percent of people had clinically significant distress or functional impairment. At its worst, caffeine withdrawal involved missing work, canceling social functions, and going to bed with the belief that they had the flu."</div><div></div><div style="text-align: justify;">For most of us, the symptoms manifest themselves as a sense of irritability and a loss of focus and concentration when at work.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div style="text-align: justify;">But here is the good news. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div style="text-align: justify;">If you decide to quite caffeine and kick your coffee addiction for good, then the withdrawal symptoms generally last only between seven and nine days.</div><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><div align="justify"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"> <a href="http://www.coffeedetective.com/coffee-addiction.html"> http://www.coffeedetective.com/coffee-addiction.html</a> </span></div><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><h1>Fiber in Coffee – there’s more soluble fiber in coffee than there is in orange juice.</h1><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<div align="justify">At first sight, the notion of fiber in coffee may seem like nonsense. </div><div align="justify"><br />
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</div><div align="justify">But the fiber found in coffee is soluble fiber. You can’t see it, but it plays a very important function in our health. </div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">In fact, it’s dietary fiber of the soluble kind that helps prevent cholesterol from being absorbed by the intestines. </div><div align="justify">Recent findings by researchers in Spain suggest that levels of soluble fiber in coffee are higher than anyone expected - higher than the levels found in either wine or in orange juice. </div><div align="justify">Interestingly, the highest levels are found in instant coffee, not in fresh ground coffee. </div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">The Spanish study found the following levels of dietary soluble fiber in a single cup of coffee: </div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">Instant coffee - 1.8 grams </div><div align="justify">Espresso - 1.5 grams </div><div align="justify">Filtered coffee - 1.1 grams <br />
</div><div align="justify">Based on our daily intake requirements, you’d have to drink 17 cups of coffee or more each day if coffee were your only source of soluble fiber. </div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">However, it’s reassuring to note that once again scientists are finding more ways in which coffee has a beneficial effect on our health. </div><div align="justify">The fact that coffee contains soluble fiber simply adds one more reason why we should feel comfortable enjoying our favorite hot beverage, guilt-free. </div><div align="justify">And no, we’re not switching to instant coffee simply because of the higher fiber content. We’ll settle for the lower levels found in fresh-ground gourmet coffee. </div><br />
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><div align="justify"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"> <a href="http://www.coffeedetective.com/coffee-addiction.html"> http://www.coffeedetective.com/fiber-in-coffee.html </a> </span></div><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"> <h1>Your risk of developing liver cancer is reduced by 43% with ever two cups of coffee you drink.</h1><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"> Drinking coffee appears to lower the risk of developing liver cancer, according to findings published in the medical journal Gastroenterology. <br />
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"Data on potential beneficial effects of coffee on liver function and liver diseases have accrued over the last two decades," Drs. Susanna C. Larsson and Alicja Wolk, from the Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, write. <br />
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Several studies have found an inverse relationship between coffee consumption and liver enzymes levels that indicate a risk of chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. <br />
In layman’s terms, for every 2 cups of coffee consumed per day, the investigators observed a 43-percent reduced risk of liver cancer. <br />
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This is welcome news, coming fast on the heels of other studies which have showed how drinking two or three cups of coffee daily may reduce the risk of mortality from liver cirrhosis. <br />
Add this to the growing list of other benefits of drinking coffee, including protection against gout and diabetes, and suddenly coffee is becoming quite the healthy brew. <br />
But as you rush to increase your consumption of coffee, keep in mind that most of us don’t drink our coffee black. <br />
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This means that as well as the health benefits of the coffee itself, we are also consuming sugar and quite a bit of fat from the milk or cream we add to each serving. <br />
Anyway, I don’t think anyone is trying to suggest that coffee is the miracle herb of the century. <br />
But it is reassuring to know that our favorite brew can reduce the risk of developing liver cancer and some other life-threatening conditions as well. <br clear="all" /> <br />
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"> <div align="justify"> <span style="font-size: xx-small;"> <a href="http://www.coffeedetective.com/developing-liver-cancer.html"> http://www.coffeedetective.com/developing-liver-cancer.html</a> </span></div><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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</div>Bambang Puryantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11561929982352308329noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4883520132502124.post-32110963485074744172011-06-13T10:10:00.000-07:002011-06-13T10:15:27.336-07:00COFFEE FOR BRAIN 7<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><h1><a href="http://miraculummundi.blogspot.com/2011/06/coffee-for-brain-7.html">COFFEE FOR BRAIN 7</a></h1><div align="center"><table background="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEy2sReccgydABG9B8xcJLraLs6EZ5SCc8gPEZ44hiMMAjNahYM2OJOHW2Ze9uhRabod1bWRzeoMbVBFsY6BNstswXVmv8zl7G8RoV1K490UWkuT6y-ia6rFshqpB2xIaMfnYnkyg2qtI/s1600/batik2.png" bgcolor="#FFFFCC" border="0" id="table2"><tbody>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><h1>After enjoying the health benefits of drinking coffee, now do the same with topical coffee products for your skin and hair.</h1><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<div align="justify">Who would imagine that the health benefits of coffee would extend beyond internal use – by drinking the stuff – to the use of topical, coffee-based products for your skin and hair?</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">First, a big thanks to the folks at Barista Bath and Body for sending us a sample pack of their products, which included shampoo, conditioner, shower wash and body cream.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">And yes, coffee is a major ingredient in each of them.</div><div align="justify">Before we get to the health benefits, let me say a few words about the products themselves.</div><div align="justify">Personally, I can barely tell the difference between a body cream and a jar of mayonnaise, so I asked the ladies in the house – mother and daughter – to give me their opinion.</div><div align="justify">Both have tried all four products, and they like them all. Although at first they found it a little unsettling to be using coffee-colored shampoo and shower wash.</div><div align="justify">Which raises the main question here…and that is, why on earth would one use organic coffee as the main ingredient for a range of hair and body care products?</div><div align="justify">Well, it seems there are some good reasons.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"><b>First</b>, the inclusion of coffee allows for the exclusion of some very unpleasant chemicals often found in other hair and body care products. Chemicals like parabens and phthalates.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"><b>Second</b>, the use of coffee brings the pH of these products very close to neutral. Most products of this type, particularly shampoos and body washes, have a very high, alkaline pH, which isn’t good for either your hair or your skin.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"><b>Third</b>, there are some significant health benefits associated with the topical application of coffee.</div><div align="justify">According to their literature…and they do cite scientific studies to support these claims…</div><br />
<blockquote style="text-align: justify;">* Applying caffeine to your body through shampoo is a highly effective treatment for premature hair loss. * Caffeine assists in lowering the risk of skin cancer.<br />
* Creams containing caffeine help reduce the appearance of cellulite when applied to the skin.<br />
* Coffee is a major contributor of antioxidants.</blockquote><br />
<div align="justify">Put this all together, and you can see why using hair and skin products which contain coffee is such a good idea.</div><div align="justify">Drink coffee to protect yourself on the inside, and use these hair and body care products to protect yourself on the outside.</div><div align="justify">You can learn more about these products at <a href="http://www.b3products.com/">Barista Bath and Body</a>.</div><div align="justify"><br />
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><div align="justify"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"> <a href="http://www.coffeedetective.com/coffee-for-hair-and-skin.html"> http://www.coffeedetective.com/coffee-for-hair-and-skin.html</a></span></div><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><h1>Caffeine in Coffee – the amount in each cup depends on the brew, and the bean.</h1><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><div align="justify">Here at Coffee Detective we don’t get too excited about the exact amount of caffeine in coffee. </div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">We just know that drinking two or three cups in the morning gives us a nice lift, sharpens the concentration and prepare us for the day.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">However, for some people the minutiae of caffeine content is a subject of fascination.</div><div align="justify">So we did our usual sleuthing and found some information you might find interesting. </div><div align="justify">Here is the breakdown of caffeine in coffee, based on drinking a 7 oz cup of coffee, with variations depending on the method of preparation etc.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">And here is the source of the data: <i>Bunker and McWilliams in J.Am. Diet. 74:28-32, 1979</i></div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">Drip Coffee 115-175mg</div><div align="justify">Espresso - 1 serving (1.5-2oz) 100mg</div><div align="justify">Brewed 80-135mg</div><div align="justify">Instant 65-100mg</div><div align="justify">Decaf, brewed 3-4mg</div><div align="justify">Decaf, instant 2-3mg</div><div align="justify"><b>The amount of caffeine in coffee is also influenced by the bean itself...</b></div><div align="justify">The variation in caffeine content between different types of coffee beans is minor, but quite interesting nevertheless. </div><div align="justify">The figures represent the percentage of caffeine content in the bean.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"><b>Varietals/Straights</b></div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">Brazil Bourbons 1.20%<br />
Celebes Kalossi 1.22<br />
Colombia Excelso 1.37<br />
Colombia Supremo 1.37<br />
Costa Rica Tarrazu 1.35<br />
Ethiopian Harrar-Moka 1.13<br />
Guatemala Antigua 1.32<br />
Indian Mysore 1.37<br />
Jamaican Blue Mtn/Wallensford Estate 1.24<br />
Java Estate Kuyumas 1.20<br />
Kenya AA 1.36<br />
Kona Extra Prime 1.32<br />
Mexico Pluma Altura 1.17<br />
Mocha Mattari (Yemen) 1.01<br />
New Guinea 1.30<br />
Panama Organic 1.34<br />
Sumatra Mandheling-Lintong 1.30<br />
Tanzania Peaberry 1.42<br />
Zimbabwe 1.10</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"><b>Blends and Dark Roasts</b></div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">Colombia Supremo Dark 1.37%<br />
Espresso Roast 1.32<br />
French Roast 1.22<br />
Vienna Roast 1.27<br />
Mocha-Java 1.17</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"><i>Source: Newsletter--Mountanos Bros. Coffee Co., San Francisco</i></div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">So...if you really want to either maximize or minimize the amout of caffeine you ingest, you can do that both by how you brew your coffee, and through your choice of the coffee beans themselves.</div><div align="justify"><br />
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><div align="justify"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"> <a href="http://www.coffeedetective.com/caffeine-in-coffee.html"> http://www.coffeedetective.com/caffeine-in-coffee.html</a></span></div><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><h1>Coffee may protect against oral cancers, according to a new study from Japan.</h1><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<div align="justify">When it comes to seeing coffee as a health drink, the news just gets better and better.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">The most recent study to demonstrate coffee’s beneficial action against cancer focuses on oral cancers.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">Here is an excerpt from an article published recently by Reuters.</div><div align="justify">Reuters, Jan 6th 2009.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">"The consumption of coffee in Japan is relatively high, as is the rate of cancer of the esophagus in men. To look into any protective effect of coffee drinking, Dr. Toru Naganuma of Tohoku University, Sendai, and colleagues, analyzed data from the population-based Miyagi Cohort Study in Japan. </div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">The study included information about diet, including coffee consumption. Among more than 38,000 study participants aged 40 to 64 years with no prior history of cancer, 157 cases of cancer of the mouth, pharynx and esophagus occurred during 13 years of follow up. </div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">Compared with people who did not drink coffee, those who drank one or more cups per day had half the risk of developing these cancers, Naganuma's group reports in the American Journal of Epidemiology. </div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">They note that the reduction in risk included people who are at high risk for these cancers, namely, those who were current drinkers and/or smokers at the start of the study."</div><div align="justify"><br />
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><div align="justify"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"> <a href="http://www.coffeedetective.com/oral-cancers.html"> http://www.coffeedetective.com/oral-cancers.html</a></span></div><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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</div>Bambang Puryantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11561929982352308329noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4883520132502124.post-44208214282345582682011-06-13T09:47:00.000-07:002011-06-13T10:16:55.874-07:00COFFEE FOR BRAIN 6<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><h1><a href="http://miraculummundi.blogspot.com/2011/06/coffee-for-brain-6.html">COFFEE FOR BRAIN 6</a></h1><br />
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><h1 class="firstHeading" id="firstHeading0">Health effects of coffee</h1><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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</div><div id="bodyContent"><div align="justify">The <b>health effects of coffee</b> have been studied to determine how coffee drinking affects humans. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coffee" title="Coffee"> Coffee</a> contains several compounds which are known to affect human body chemistry. The coffee bean itself contains chemicals which are mild <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychotropics" title="Psychotropics"> psychotropics</a> for humans as a <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defense_mechanism" title="Defense mechanism"> defense mechanism</a> of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coffea" title="Coffea"> Coffea</a> plant. These chemicals are toxic in large doses, or even in their normal amount when consumed by many creatures which may otherwise have threatened the beans in the wild. Coffee contains <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caffeine" title="Caffeine"> caffeine</a>, which acts as a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stimulant" title="Stimulant"> stimulant</a>.</div><div align="justify">Recent research has uncovered additional stimulating effects of coffee which are not related to its caffeine content. Coffee contains an as yet unknown chemical agent which stimulates the production of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cortisone" title="Cortisone"> cortisone</a> and <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrenaline" title="Adrenaline"> adrenaline</a>, two stimulating hormones.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Klag_0-0"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-Klag-0">[1]</a></sup></div><div align="justify">For occasions when one wants to enjoy the flavor of coffee with almost no stimulation, <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decaffeinated_coffee" title="Decaffeinated coffee"> decaffeinated coffee</a> (also called decaf) is available. This is coffee from which most of the caffeine has been removed, by the <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swiss_water_process" title="Swiss water process"> Swiss water process</a> (which involves the soaking of raw beans to remove the caffeine) or the use of a chemical <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solvent" title="Solvent"> solvent</a> such as <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trichloroethylene" title="Trichloroethylene"> trichloroethylene</a> ("<i>tri</i>"), or the more popular <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methylene_chloride" title="Methylene chloride"> methylene chloride</a>, in a similar process. Another solvent used is <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethyl_acetate" title="Ethyl acetate"> ethyl acetate</a>; the resultant decaffeinated coffee is marketed as "natural decaf" because ethyl acetate is naturally present in fruit. Extraction with <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critical_point_%28chemistry%2529" title="Critical point (chemistry)"> supercritical</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_dioxide" title="Carbon dioxide"> carbon dioxide</a> has also been employed.</div><div align="justify">Decaffeinated coffee usually loses some flavor compared to normal coffee. There are also coffee alternatives that resemble coffee in taste but contain no caffeine (see below). These are available both in ground form for brewing and in instant form.</div><div align="justify"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caffeine#Tolerance_and_withdrawal" title="Caffeine"> Caffeine dependency</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Withdrawal" title="Withdrawal"> withdrawal</a> symptoms are well-documented.</div><div align="justify"><br />
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<tr> <td><div id="toctitle"><h2>Contents</h2><span class="toctoggle">[<a class="internal" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#" id="togglelink">show</a>]</span></div></td> </tr>
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<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Benefits">Benefits</span></h2><h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Reduced_risk_of_Alzheimer.27s_disease_and_Dementia"> </span></h3><h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Reduced_risk_of_Alzheimer.27s_disease_and_Dementia">Reduced risk of Alzheimer's disease and Dementia</span></h3><div align="justify">Several studies comparing moderate coffee drinkers (defined as 3–5 cups per day) with light coffee drinkers (defined as 0–2 cups per day) found that those who drank more coffee were significantly less likely to develop <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alzheimer%27s_disease" title="Alzheimer's disease"> Alzheimer's disease</a> later in life.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-1">[2]</a></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-2">[3]</a></sup> A longitudinal study in 2009 found that moderate coffee drinkers had reduced risk of developing <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dementia" title="Dementia"> dementia</a> in addition to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alzheimer%27s_disease" title="Alzheimer's disease"> Alzheimer's disease</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-3"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-3">[4]</a></sup> ---</div><h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Reduced_risk_of_gallstone_disease"> </span></h3><h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Reduced_risk_of_gallstone_disease">Reduced risk of gallstone disease</span></h3><div align="justify">Drinking caffeinated coffee has been correlated with a lower incidence of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallstone" title="Gallstone"> gallstones</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallbladder" title="Gallbladder"> gallbladder</a> disease in both men<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-4"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-4">[5]</a></sup> and women<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-5"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-5">[6]</a></sup> in two studies performed by the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard_School_of_Public_Health" title="Harvard School of Public Health"> Harvard School of Public Health</a>. A lessened risk was not seen in those who drank decaffeinated coffee. A recent study showed that roast coffee protected primary neuronal cells against hydrogen peroxide-induced cell death.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-ChuYF_6-0"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-ChuYF-6">[7]</a></sup></div><h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Reduced_risk_of_Parkinson.27s_disease"> </span></h3><h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Reduced_risk_of_Parkinson.27s_disease">Reduced risk of Parkinson's disease</span></h3><div align="justify">A study comparing heavy coffee drinkers (3.5 cups a day) with non-drinkers found that the coffee drinkers were significantly less likely to contract <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parkinson%27s_disease" title="Parkinson's disease"> Parkinson's disease</a> later in life.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-7"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-7">[8]</a></sup> Likewise, a second study found an inverse relationship between the amount of coffee regularly drunk and the likelihood of developing Parkinson's disease.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-8"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-8">[9]</a></sup></div><h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Cognitive_performance"> </span></h3><h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Cognitive_performance">Cognitive performance</span></h3><div align="justify">Many people drink coffee for its ability to increase <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short-term_memory" title="Short-term memory"> short term recall</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-9"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-9">[10]</a></sup></div><div align="justify">Likewise, in tests of simple reaction time, choice reaction time, incidental verbal memory, and visuospatial reasoning, participants who regularly drank coffee were found to perform better on all tests, with a positive relationship between test scores and the amount of coffee regularly drunk. Elderly participants were found to have the largest effect associated with regular coffee drinking.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-10"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-10">[11]</a></sup> Another study found that women over the age of 80 performed significantly better on cognitive tests if they had regularly drunk coffee over their lifetimes.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-11"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-11">[12]</a></sup></div><h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Analgesic_enhancement"> </span></h3><h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Analgesic_enhancement">Analgesic enhancement</span></h3><div align="justify">Coffee contains caffeine, which increases the effectiveness of <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pain_killer" title="Pain killer"> pain killers</a>, especially <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Migraine" title="Migraine"> migraine</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Headache" title="Headache"> headache</a> <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medication" title="Medication"> medications</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-12"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-12">[13]</a></sup> For this reason, many over-the-counter headache drugs include caffeine in their formula.</div><h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Antidiabetic"> </span></h3><h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Antidiabetic">Antidiabetic</span></h3><div align="justify">Coffee intake may reduce one's risk of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus" title="Diabetes mellitus"> diabetes mellitus</a> type 2 by up to half. While this was originally noticed in patients who consumed high amounts (7 cups a day), the relationship was later shown to be linear.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-13"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-13">[14]</a></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-14"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-14">[15]</a></sup></div><h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Liver_protection"> </span></h3><h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Liver_protection">Liver protection</span></h3><div align="justify">Coffee can also reduce the incidence of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cirrhosis" title="Cirrhosis"> cirrhosis</a> of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liver" title="Liver"> liver</a><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-15"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-15">[16]</a></sup> and has been linked to a reduced risk of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatocellular_carcinoma" title="Hepatocellular carcinoma"> hepatocellular carcinoma</a>, a primary liver cancer that usually arises in patients with preexisting cirrhosis.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-16"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-16">[17]</a></sup> The exact mechanism and the amount of coffee needed to achieve a beneficial effect have long been unclear.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-17"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-17">[18]</a></sup> The cytokine transforming growth factor (TGF) beta has long been recognized for promoting fibrosis ability acting through the Smad family of transcription factors. In an interesting report recently published in the Journal of Hepatology, Gressner and colleagues provide the first mechanistic context for the epidemiological studies on coffee drinkers by showing that caffeine may have potent anti-fibrotic capabilities through its ability to antagonize the Smad pathway.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-18"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-18">[19]</a></sup></div><h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Cancer"> </span></h3><h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Cancer">Cancer</span></h3><div align="justify">Coffee consumption is also correlated to a reduced risk of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oral_cancer" title="Oral cancer"> oral</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esophageal_cancer" title="Esophageal cancer"> esophageal</a>, and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Head_and_neck_cancer" title="Head and neck cancer"> pharyngeal</a> cancer.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-19"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-19">[20]</a></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-20"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-20">[21]</a></sup> In <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ovarian_cancer" title="Ovarian cancer"> ovarian cancer</a>, no benefit was found.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-21"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-21">[22]</a></sup> In the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nurses%27_Health_Study" title="Nurses' Health Study"> Nurses' Health Study</a>, a modest reduction in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breast_cancer" title="Breast cancer"> breast cancer</a> was observed in postmenopausal women only, which was not confirmed in decaffeinated coffee.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-22"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-22">[23]</a></sup> According to one study, coffee protects the liver from cancer.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-23"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-23">[24]</a></sup> Another preliminary study found a correlation between coffee consumption and a lower risk of aggressive <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostate_cancer" title="Prostate cancer"> prostate cancer</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-24"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-24">[25]</a></sup></div><h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Cardioprotective"> </span></h3><h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Cardioprotective">Cardioprotective</span></h3><div align="justify">Coffee moderately reduces the incidence of dying from <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiovascular_disease" title="Cardiovascular disease"> cardiovascular disease</a>, according to a large prospective cohort study published in 2008.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-25"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-25">[26]</a></sup> A 2009 prospective study in Japan following nearly 77,000 individuals aged 40 to 79 found that coffee consumption, along with caffeine intake, was associated with a reduced risk of dying from cardiovascular disease.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-26"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-26">[27]</a></sup></div><h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Laxative.2Fdiuretic"> </span></h3><h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Laxative.2Fdiuretic">Laxative/diuretic</span></h3><div align="justify">Coffee is also a powerful stimulant for <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peristalsis" title="Peristalsis"> peristalsis</a> and is sometimes considered to prevent <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constipation" title="Constipation"> constipation</a>. However, coffee can also cause excessively loose <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defecation" title="Defecation"> bowel movements</a>. The stimulative effect of coffee consumption on the colon is found in both caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-27"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-27">[28]</a></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-28"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-28">[29]</a></sup></div><div align="justify">Practitioners in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_medicine" title="Alternative medicine"> alternative medicine</a> often recommend coffee <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enema" title="Enema"> enemas</a> for "cleansing of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colon_%28anatomy%2529" title="Colon (anatomy)"> colon</a>" due to its stimulus of peristalsis, although <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicine" title="Medicine"> medicine</a> has not proven any benefits of the practice.</div><div align="justify">Contrary to popular belief, caffeine does not act as a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diuretic" title="Diuretic"> diuretic</a> when consumed in moderation, and does not lead to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dehydration" title="Dehydration"> dehydration</a> or to a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water-electrolyte_imbalance" title="Water-electrolyte imbalance"> water-electrolyte imbalance</a>; current evidence suggests that caffeinated beverages contribute to the body's daily fluid requirements no differently from pure water.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-really_29-0"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-really-29">[30]</a></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-armstrong2007_30-0"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-armstrong2007-30">[31]</a></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-armstrong2005_31-0"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-armstrong2005-31">[32]</a></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-32"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-32">[33]</a></sup></div><h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Antioxidant"> </span></h3><h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Antioxidant">Antioxidant</span></h3><div align="justify">Coffee contains the anticancer compound <a class="new" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Methylpyridinium&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Methylpyridinium (page does not exist)"> methylpyridinium</a>. This compound is not present in significant amounts in other food materials. Methylpyridinium is not present in raw coffee beans but is formed during the roasting process from <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trigonelline" title="Trigonelline"> trigonelline</a>, which is common in raw coffee beans. It is present in both caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee, and even in instant coffee.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-33"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-33">[34]</a></sup> A recent study shows that roast coffee contains more lipophilic antioxidants and chlorogenic acid lactones and are more protective against hydrogen peroxide-induced cell death in primary neuronal cells than green coffee.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-ChuYF_6-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-ChuYF-6">[7]</a></sup></div><h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Prevention_of_dental_caries"> </span></h3><h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Prevention_of_dental_caries">Prevention of dental caries</span></h3><div align="justify">The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tannin" title="Tannin"> tannins</a> in coffee may reduce the cariogenic potential of foods. In vitro experiments have shown that these polyphenolic compounds may interfere with glucosyltransferase activity of mutans streptococci, which may reduce <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dental_plaque" title="Dental plaque"> plaque</a> formation.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-34"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-34">[35]</a></sup></div><h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Gout"> </span></h3><h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Gout">Gout</span></h3><div align="justify">Coffee consumption decreased risk of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gout" title="Gout"> gout</a> in men over age 40. In a large study of over 45,000 men over a 12-year period, the risk for developing gout in men over 40 was inversely proportional with the amount of coffee consumed.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-35"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-35">[36]</a></sup></div><h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Risks"> </span></h2><h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Risks">Risks</span></h2><h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Cancer_2"> </span></h3><h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Cancer_2">Cancer</span></h3><div align="justify">Over 1,000 chemicals have been reported in roasted coffee, and 19 are known rodent <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carcinogen" title="Carcinogen"> carcinogens</a>;<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-pmid9677052_36-0"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-pmid9677052-36">[37]</a></sup> however, most substances cited as rodent carcinogens occur naturally and should not be assumed to be carcinogenic in humans at exposure levels typically experienced in day-to-day life.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-pmid9677052_36-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-pmid9677052-36">[37]</a></sup></div><h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Gastrointestinal_problems"> </span></h3><h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Gastrointestinal_problems">Gastrointestinal problems</span></h3><div align="justify">Coffee can damage the lining of the gastrointestinal organs, causing gastritis and ulcers. The consumption of coffee is therefore not recommended for people with gastritis, colitis, and ulcers.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-37"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-37">[38]</a></sup></div><h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Anxiety_and_sleep_changes"> </span></h3><h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Anxiety_and_sleep_changes">Anxiety and sleep changes</span></h3><div align="justify">Many coffee drinkers are familiar with "coffee jitters", a nervous condition that occurs when one has had too much caffeine. It can also cause <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anxiety" title="Anxiety"> anxiety</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irritability" title="Irritability"> irritability</a>, in some with excessive coffee consumption, and some as a withdrawal symptom. Coffee can also cause <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insomnia" title="Insomnia"> insomnia</a> in some. In others it can cause narcolepsy.<sup class="Template-Fact" style="white-space: nowrap;" title="This claim needs references to reliable sources from February 2007">[<i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a></i>]</sup></div><h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Cosmetic"> </span></h3><h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Cosmetic">Cosmetic</span></h3><div align="justify">Coffee causes staining of the teeth.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-38"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-38">[39]</a></sup></div><h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Cholesterol"> </span></h3><h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Cholesterol">Cholesterol</span></h3><div align="justify">A <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"> 2007</a> study by the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baylor_College_of_Medicine" title="Baylor College of Medicine"> Baylor College of Medicine</a> indicates that the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diterpene" title="Diterpene"> diterpene</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecule" title="Molecule"> molecules</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cafestol" title="Cafestol"> cafestol</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kahweol" title="Kahweol"> kahweol</a>, found only in coffee beans, putatively raise levels of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-density_lipoprotein" title="Low-density lipoprotein"> low-density lipoprotein</a> or LDL in humans.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-baylor_39-0"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-baylor-39">[40]</a></sup> This increase in LDL levels is an indicator that coffee raises <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholesterol" title="Cholesterol"> cholesterol</a>. The Baylor study serves to link cafestol and kahweol with higher levels of cholesterol in the body.</div><div align="justify">Paper coffee filters have a property that binds to lipid-like compounds which allows it to remove most of the cafestol and kahweol found in coffee. Brew methods which do not use a paper filter, such as the use of a press pot, fail to remove any cafestol and kahweol from the final brewed product. In contrast, drip brewing with a paper filter removes most of the cafestol and kahweol from the coffee.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-40"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-40">[41]</a></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-41"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-41">[42]</a></sup></div><h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Blood_pressure"> </span></h3><h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Blood_pressure">Blood pressure</span></h3><div align="justify">Caffeine has previously been implicated in increasing the risk of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertension" title="Hypertension"> high blood pressure</a>; however, recent studies have not confirmed any association. In a 12-year study of 155,000 female nurses, large amounts of coffee did not induce a "risky rise in blood pressure"<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-42"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-42">[43]</a></sup> .<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-43"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-43">[44]</a></sup> Previous studies had already shown statistically insignificant associations between coffee drinking and clinical hypertension. Effect of coffee on morbidity and mortality due to its effect on blood pressure is too weak, and has not been studied. Other positive and negative effects of coffee on health would be difficult confounding factors.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Klag_0-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-Klag-0">[1]</a></sup></div><h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Effects_on_pregnancy"> </span></h3><h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Effects_on_pregnancy">Effects on pregnancy</span></h3><div align="justify">Caffeine molecules are small enough to penetrate the placenta and slip into baby's blood circulation. Unlike adults, organs and systems in fetuses are not full-fledged, therefore not capable of fully metabolizing caffeine and excreting it. The energy booster tends to linger in the fetus's blood ten times longer than in adults. High levels of caffeine are bound to accumulate in the baby's body with frequent maternal consumption of caffeine. Just like what it does to adults, caffeine could also send the baby's pulse and breathing rate racing and affect its sleep pattern for an extended duration.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-pregnancydiet_44-0"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-pregnancydiet-44">[45]</a></sup></div><div align="justify">A February 2003 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark"> Danish</a> study of 18,478 women linked heavy coffee consumption during pregnancy to significantly increased risk of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stillbirth" title="Stillbirth"> stillbirths</a> (but no significantly increased risk of infant death in the first year). "The results seem to indicate a threshold effect around four to seven cups per day," the study reported. Those who drank eight or more cups a day (64 U.S. fl oz or 1.89 L) were at 220% increased risk compared with nondrinkers. This study has not yet been repeated, but has caused some doctors to caution against excessive coffee consumption during pregnancy.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-45"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-45">[46]</a></sup></div><div align="justify">Decaffeinated coffee is also regarded as a potential health risk to pregnant women when chemical solvents are used to extract the caffeine instead of other less invasive processes. The impact of these chemicals is debated, however, as the solvents in question evaporate at 80–90 °C, and coffee beans are decaffeinated before roasting, which occurs at approximately 200 °C. As such, these chemicals, namely <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,1,1-Trichloroethane" title="1,1,1-Trichloroethane"> trichloroethane</a> and <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methylene_chloride" title="Methylene chloride"> methylene chloride</a>, are present in trace amounts at most, and may not pose a significant threat to embryos and fetuses.<sup class="Template-Fact" style="white-space: nowrap;" title="This claim needs references to reliable sources from August 2010">[<i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a></i>]</sup></div><h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Iron_deficiency_anemia"> </span></h3><h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Iron_deficiency_anemia">Iron deficiency anemia</span></h3><div align="justify">Coffee consumption can lead to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_deficiency_%28medicine%2529" title="Iron deficiency (medicine)"> iron deficiency</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anemia" title="Anemia"> anemia</a> in mothers and infants.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-pmid3414579_46-0"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-pmid3414579-46">[47]</a></sup> Coffee also interferes with the absorption of supplemental iron.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-pmid9209186_47-0"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-pmid9209186-47">[48]</a></sup></div><h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Coronary_artery_disease"> </span></h3><h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Coronary_artery_disease">Coronary artery disease</span></h3><div align="justify">A 2004 study tried to discover why the beneficial and detrimental effects of coffee conflict. The study concluded that consumption of coffee is associated with significant elevations in biochemical markers of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inflammation" title="Inflammation"> inflammation</a>. This is a detrimental effect of coffee on the <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiovascular_system" title="Cardiovascular system"> cardiovascular system</a>, which may explain why coffee has so far only been shown to help the heart at levels of four cups (24 fl oz or 600 mL) or fewer per day.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-48"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-48">[49]</a></sup></div><div align="justify">The health risks of decaffeinated coffee have been studied, with varying results. One variable is the type of decaffeination process used; while some involve the use of <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_solvent" title="Organic solvent"> organic solvents</a> which may leave residual traces, others rely on steam.<sup class="Template-Fact" style="white-space: nowrap;" title="This claim needs references to reliable sources from February 2007">[<i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a></i>]</sup></div><div align="justify">A study has shown that <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cafestol" title="Cafestol"> cafestol</a>, a substance which is present in boiled coffee drinks, dramatically increases <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholesterol" title="Cholesterol"> cholesterol</a> levels, especially in women. Filtered coffee contains only trace amounts of cafestol.</div><div align="justify">Polymorphisms in the <i> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CYP1A2" title="CYP1A2"> CYP1A2</a></i> gene may lead to a slower metabolism of caffeine. In patients with a slow version of the enzyme the risk for <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myocardial_infarction" title="Myocardial infarction"> myocardial infarction</a> (heart attack) is increased by a third (2–3 cups) to two thirds (>4 cups). The risk was more marked in people under the age of 59.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-49"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-49">[50]</a></sup></div><div align="justify">A Harvard study conducted over the course of 20 years of 128,000 people published in 2006 concluded that there was no evidence to support the claim that coffee consumption itself increases the risk of <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronary_heart_disease" title="Coronary heart disease"> coronary heart disease</a>. The study did, however, show a correlation between heavy consumption of coffee and higher degrees of exposure to other coronary heart disease risk factors such as smoking, greater alcohol consumption, and lack of physical exercise.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-50"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-50">[51]</a></sup> The results apply only to coffee filtered through paper filters, which excludes boiled coffee and espresso, for example. Additionally, the lead researcher on this study acknowledged that subsets of the larger group may be at risk for heart attack when drinking multiple cups of coffee a day due to genetic differences in metabolizing caffeine.<sup class="Template-Fact" style="white-space: nowrap;" title="This claim needs references to reliable sources from February 2007">[<i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a></i>]</sup></div><div align="justify">The Iowa Women's Health Study showed that women who consumed coffee actually had fewer cardiovascular disease incidents and lower cancer rates than the general population. For women who drank 6 or more cups, the benefit was even greater. However, this study excluded 35% of its original participants who already had cardiovascular disease and other chronic diseases when the study began. Since participants were all over the age of 55, no good conclusion can be drawn about the long term effect of coffee drinking on heart disease from this study.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-51"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_note-51">[52]</a></sup></div><h2><span class="mw-headline" id="See_also"> </span></h2><h2><span class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</span></h2><ul><li> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_tea" title="Health effects of tea"> <span style="font-size: xx-small;">Health effects of tea</span></a></li>
</ul><h2><span class="mw-headline" id="External_links"> </span></h2><h2><span class="mw-headline" id="External_links">External links</span></h2><ul style="text-align: justify;"><li><span class="citation web"> <a class="external text" href="http://www.britishcoffeeassociation.org/" rel="nofollow"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">"British Coffee Association"</span></a><span style="font-size: x-small;">.</span></span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=British+Coffee+Association&rft.atitle=&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britishcoffeeassociation.org&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Health_effects_of_coffee"></span></li>
<li><span class="citation web"> <a class="external text" href="http://www.health.harvard.edu/press_releases/coffee_health_risk" rel="nofollow"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">"Coffee Health Risks: For the moderate drinker, coffee is safe says Harvard Women’s Health Watch"</span></a><span style="font-size: x-small;">. <i>Harvard Health Publications</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved 24 November 2010</span>.</span></span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Coffee+Health+Risks%3A+For+the+moderate+drinker%2C+coffee+is+safe+says+Harvard+Women%E2%80%99s+Health+Watch&rft.atitle=Harvard+Health+Publications&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.health.harvard.edu%2Fpress_releases%2Fcoffee_health_risk&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Health_effects_of_coffee"></span></li>
<li><span class="citation web"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Osterweil, Neil. <a class="external text" href="http://www.webmd.com/food-recipes/features/coffee-new-health-food" rel="nofollow"> "Coffee and Your Health"</a>. <i>WebMD</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved 24 November 2010</span>.</span></span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Coffee+and+Your+Health&rft.atitle=WebMD&rft.aulast=Osterweil&rft.aufirst=Neil&rft.au=Osterweil%2C%26%2332%3BNeil&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.webmd.com%2Ffood-recipes%2Ffeatures%2Fcoffee-new-health-food&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Health_effects_of_coffee"></span></li>
</ul><h2> <span class="mw-headline" id="References"> </span></h2><h2><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span></h2><div class="reflist references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"><ol class="references" style="text-align: justify;"><li id="cite_note-Klag-0"><span style="font-size: x-small;">^ <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_ref-Klag_0-0"> <sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_ref-Klag_0-1"> <sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> </span> <span class="citation Journal"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Klag MJ, Wang NY, Meoni LA, <i>et al.</i> (March 2002). "Coffee intake and risk of hypertension: the Johns Hopkins precursors study". <i>Archives of internal medicine</i> <b>162</b> (6): 657–62. <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" title="PubMed Identifier"> PMID</a> <a class="external text" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11911719" rel="nofollow">11911719</a>.</span></span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Coffee+intake+and+risk+of+hypertension%3A+the+Johns+Hopkins+precursors+study&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+internal+medicine&rft.aulast=Klag+MJ%2C+Wang+NY%2C+Meoni+LA%2C+%27%27et+al.%27%27&rft.au=Klag+MJ%2C+Wang+NY%2C+Meoni+LA%2C+%27%27et+al.%27%27&rft.date=March+2002&rft.volume=162&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=657%E2%80%9362&rft_id=info:pmid/11911719&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Health_effects_of_coffee"></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-1"><b> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_ref-1"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">^</span></a></b><span style="font-size: x-small;"> Maia, L., & de Mendonça, A., Does caffeine intake protect from Alzheimer's disease?, <i>European Journal of Neurology</i>, July 2002, 9:4, 377 (<a class="external autonumber" href="http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/links/doi/10.1046/j.1468-1331.2002.00421.x/full/?cookieSet=1" rel="nofollow">[1]</a> accessed Nov 30, 2006)</span></li>
<li id="cite_note-2"><b> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_ref-2"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">^</span></a></b><span style="font-size: x-small;"> Lindsay, J., <i>et al.</i>, Risk Factors for Alzheimer’s Disease: A Prospective Analysis from the Canadian Study of Health and Aging, Am J Epidemiol 2002; 156:445–453, (<a class="external autonumber" href="http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/156/5/445" rel="nofollow">[2]</a> accessed Nov 30, 2006)</span></li>
<li id="cite_note-3"><b> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_ref-3"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">^</span></a></b><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span> <a class="external free" href="http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/01/090114200005.htm" rel="nofollow"> <span style="font-size: x-small;"> http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/01/090114200005.htm</span></a></li>
<li id="cite_note-4"><b> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_ref-4"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">^</span></a></b><span style="font-size: x-small;"> Leitzmann, W.F., <i>et al.</i>, A prospective study of coffee consumption and the risk of symptomatic gallstone disease in men, <i>JAMA</i> (1999), 281:2106–12</span></li>
<li id="cite_note-5"><b> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_ref-5"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">^</span></a></b><span style="font-size: x-small;"> Leitzmann MF, Stampfer MJ, Willett WC, Spiegelman D, Colditz GA, Giovannucci EL., Coffee intake is associated with lower risk of symptomatic gallstone disease in women, <i> Gastroenterology</i>, 2002 Dec;123(6):1823–30</span></li>
<li id="cite_note-ChuYF-6"><span style="font-size: x-small;">^ <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_ref-ChuYF_6-0"> <sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_ref-ChuYF_6-1"> <sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> </span> <span class="citation Journal"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Chu, YF <i>et al.</i>, Yi-Fang; Brown, Peter H.; Lyle, Barbara J.; Chen, Yumin; Black, Richard M.; Williams, Claire E.; Lin, Yi-Ching; Hsu, Chih-Wei et al. (2009). <a class="external text" href="http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jf902095z" rel="nofollow"> "Roasted coffees high in lipophilic antioxidants and chlorogenic acid lactones are more neuroprotective than green coffees"</a>. <i>Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry</i> <b>57</b> (20): 9801–9808. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier"> doi</a>:<a class="external text" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf902095z" rel="nofollow">10.1021/jf902095z</a>. <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" title="PubMed Identifier"> PMID</a> <a class="external text" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19772322" rel="nofollow">19772322</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved 27 July 2010</span>.</span></span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Roasted+coffees+high+in+lipophilic+antioxidants+and+chlorogenic+acid+lactones+are+more+neuroprotective+than+green+coffees&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Agricultural+and+Food+Chemistry&rft.aulast=Chu%2C+YF+%27%27et+al.%27%27&rft.aufirst=Yi-Fang&rft.au=Chu%2C+YF+%27%27et+al.%27%27%2C%26%2332%3BYi-Fang&rft.au=Brown%2C%26%2332%3BPeter+H.&rft.au=Lyle%2C%26%2332%3BBarbara+J.&rft.au=Chen%2C%26%2332%3BYumin&rft.au=Black%2C%26%2332%3BRichard+M.&rft.au=Williams%2C%26%2332%3BClaire+E.&rft.au=Lin%2C%26%2332%3BYi-Ching&rft.au=Hsu%2C%26%2332%3BChih-Wei&rft.au=Cheng%2C%26%2332%3BIrene+H.&rft.date=2009&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=20&rft.pages=9801%E2%80%939808&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fjf902095z&rft_id=info:pmid/19772322&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpubs.acs.org%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1021%2Fjf902095z&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Health_effects_of_coffee"></span></li>
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<li id="cite_note-22"><b> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_ref-22"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">^</span></a></b><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span> <span class="citation Journal"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Ganmaa D, Willett WC, Li TY, <i>et al.</i> (2008). "Coffee, tea, caffeine and risk of breast cancer: a 22-year follow-up". <i> Int. J. Cancer</i> <b>122</b> (9): 2071–6. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier"> doi</a>:<a class="external text" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ijc.23336" rel="nofollow">10.1002/ijc.23336</a>. <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" title="PubMed Identifier"> PMID</a> <a class="external text" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18183588" rel="nofollow">18183588</a>.</span></span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Coffee%2C+tea%2C+caffeine+and+risk+of+breast+cancer%3A+a+22-year+follow-up&rft.jtitle=Int.+J.+Cancer&rft.aulast=Ganmaa+D%2C+Willett+WC%2C+Li+TY%2C+%27%27et+al.%27%27&rft.au=Ganmaa+D%2C+Willett+WC%2C+Li+TY%2C+%27%27et+al.%27%27&rft.date=2008&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=9&rft.pages=2071%E2%80%936&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fijc.23336&rft_id=info:pmid/18183588&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Health_effects_of_coffee"></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-23"><b> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_ref-23"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">^</span></a></b><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span> <a class="external text" href="https://www.health.harvard.edu/press_releases/coffee_health_benefits" rel="nofollow"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">Coffee Health Benefits : Coffee may protect against disease</span></a></li>
<li id="cite_note-24"><b> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_ref-24"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">^</span></a></b><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span> <span class="citation web"><span style="font-size: x-small;"> <a class="external text" href="http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=121343438" rel="nofollow"> "Can Coffee Lower The Risk of Prostate Cancer?"</a>.</span></span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Can+Coffee+Lower+The+Risk+of+Prostate+Cancer%3F&rft.atitle=&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2Ftemplates%2Fstory%2Fstory.php%3FstoryId%3D121343438&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Health_effects_of_coffee"></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-25"><b> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_ref-25"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">^</span></a></b><span style="font-size: x-small;"> Lopez-Garcia, E, van Dam RM, Li TY, Rodriguez-Artalejo F, Hu FB. "The Relationship of Coffee Consumption with Mortality." Annals of Internal Medicine (2008) Jun 17;148(12):904-14. </span> <a class="external autonumber" href="http://www.annals.org/content/148/12/904.full.pdf+html?sid=eb3b8d8e-40a5-46e1-8c82-fefb11488190" rel="nofollow"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">[7]</span></a></li>
<li id="cite_note-26"><b> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_ref-26"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">^</span></a></b><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span> <span class="citation Journal"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Koizumi A, Mineharu Y, Wada Y, Iso H <i>et al.</i> (2011). "Coffee, green tea, black tea and oolong tea consumption and risk of mortality from cardiovascular disease in Japanese men and women". <i>Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health</i> <b>65</b>: 230–240. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier"> doi</a>:<a class="external text" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech.2009.097311" rel="nofollow">10.1136/jech.2009.097311</a>.</span></span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Coffee%2C+green+tea%2C+black+tea+and+oolong+tea+consumption+and+risk+of+mortality+from+cardiovascular+disease+in+Japanese+men+and+women&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Epidemiology+and+Community+Health&rft.aulast=Koizumi+A%2C+Mineharu+Y%2C+Wada+Y%2C+Iso+H+%27%27et+al.%27%27&rft.au=Koizumi+A%2C+Mineharu+Y%2C+Wada+Y%2C+Iso+H+%27%27et+al.%27%27&rft.date=2011&rft.volume=65&rft.pages=230%E2%80%93240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1136%2Fjech.2009.097311&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Health_effects_of_coffee"></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-27"><b> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_ref-27"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">^</span></a></b><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span> <span class="citation Journal"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Brown SR, Cann PA, Read NW (April 1990). <a class="external text" href="http://gut.bmj.com/cgi/reprint/31/4/450" rel="nofollow"> "Effect of coffee on distal colon function"</a> (PDF). <i> Gut</i> <b>31</b> (4): 450–3. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier"> doi</a>:<a class="external text" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gut.31.4.450" rel="nofollow">10.1136/gut.31.4.450</a>. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubMed_Central" title="PubMed Central"> PMC</a> <a class="external text" href="http://www.pubmedcentral.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1378422" rel="nofollow">1378422</a>. <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" title="PubMed Identifier"> PMID</a> <a class="external text" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2338272" rel="nofollow">2338272</a>.</span></span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Effect+of+coffee+on+distal+colon+function&rft.jtitle=Gut&rft.aulast=Brown+SR%2C+Cann+PA%2C+Read+NW&rft.au=Brown+SR%2C+Cann+PA%2C+Read+NW&rft.date=April+1990&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=450%E2%80%933&rft_id=info:doi/10.1136%2Fgut.31.4.450&rft_id=info:pmc/1378422&rft_id=info:pmid/2338272&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgut.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F31%2F4%2F450&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Health_effects_of_coffee"></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-28"><b> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_ref-28"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">^</span></a></b><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span> <span class="citation Journal"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Rao SS, Welcher K, Zimmerman B, Stumbo P (February 1998). "Is coffee a colonic stimulant?". <i>Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol</i> <b> 10</b> (2): 113–8. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier"> doi</a>:<a class="external text" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00042737-199802000-00003" rel="nofollow">10.1097/00042737-199802000-00003</a>. <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" title="PubMed Identifier"> PMID</a> <a class="external text" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9581985" rel="nofollow">9581985</a>.</span></span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Is+coffee+a+colonic+stimulant%3F&rft.jtitle=Eur+J+Gastroenterol+Hepatol&rft.aulast=Rao+SS%2C+Welcher+K%2C+Zimmerman+B%2C+Stumbo+P&rft.au=Rao+SS%2C+Welcher+K%2C+Zimmerman+B%2C+Stumbo+P&rft.date=February+1998&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=113%E2%80%938&rft_id=info:doi/10.1097%2F00042737-199802000-00003&rft_id=info:pmid/9581985&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Health_effects_of_coffee"></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-really-29"><b> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_ref-really_29-0"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">^</span></a></b><span style="font-size: x-small;"> <a class="external text" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2008/03/04/health/nutrition/04real.html?_r=1" rel="nofollow"> Really? The Claim: Caffeine Causes Dehydration</a> The New York Times</span></li>
<li id="cite_note-armstrong2007-30"><b> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_ref-armstrong2007_30-0"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">^</span></a></b><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span> <span class="citation Journal"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Armstrong LE, Casa DJ, Maresh CM, Ganio MS (2007). <a class="external text" href="http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/559762" rel="nofollow"> "Caffeine, fluid-electrolyte balance, temperature regulation, and exercise-heat tolerance"</a>. <i>Exerc. Sport Sci. Rev.</i> <b>35</b> (3): 135–140. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier"> doi</a>:<a class="external text" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/jes.0b013e3180a02cc1" rel="nofollow">10.1097/jes.0b013e3180a02cc1</a>. <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" title="PubMed Identifier"> PMID</a> <a class="external text" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17620932" rel="nofollow">17620932</a>.</span></span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Caffeine%2C+fluid-electrolyte+balance%2C+temperature+regulation%2C+and+exercise-heat+tolerance&rft.jtitle=Exerc.+Sport+Sci.+Rev.&rft.aulast=Armstrong+LE%2C+Casa+DJ%2C+Maresh+CM%2C+Ganio+MS&rft.au=Armstrong+LE%2C+Casa+DJ%2C+Maresh+CM%2C+Ganio+MS&rft.date=2007&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=135%E2%80%93140&rft_id=info:doi/10.1097%2Fjes.0b013e3180a02cc1&rft_id=info:pmid/17620932&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.medscape.com%2Fviewarticle%2F559762&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Health_effects_of_coffee"></span><span style="font-size: x-small;"> (Review article, free full text available at <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medscape" title="Medscape"> Medscape</a> with registration)</span></li>
<li id="cite_note-armstrong2005-31"><b> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_ref-armstrong2005_31-0"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">^</span></a></b><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span> <span class="citation Journal"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Armstrong LE, Pumerantz AC, Roti MW, Judelson DA, Watson G, Dias JC, Sokmen B, Casa DJ, Maresh CM, Lieberman H, Kellogg M. (2005). "Fluid, electrolyte, and renal indices of hydration during 11 days of controlled caffeine consumption". <i>Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab.</i> <b>15</b> (3): 252–265. <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" title="PubMed Identifier"> PMID</a> <a class="external text" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16131696" rel="nofollow">16131696</a>.</span></span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Fluid%2C+electrolyte%2C+and+renal+indices+of+hydration+during+11+days+of+controlled+caffeine+consumption&rft.jtitle=Int.+J.+Sport+Nutr.+Exerc.+Metab.&rft.aulast=Armstrong+LE%2C+Pumerantz+AC%2C+Roti+MW%2C+Judelson+DA%2C+Watson+G%2C+Dias+JC%2C+Sokmen+B%2C+Casa+DJ%2C+Maresh+CM%2C+Lieberman+H%2C+Kellogg+M.&rft.au=Armstrong+LE%2C+Pumerantz+AC%2C+Roti+MW%2C+Judelson+DA%2C+Watson+G%2C+Dias+JC%2C+Sokmen+B%2C+Casa+DJ%2C+Maresh+CM%2C+Lieberman+H%2C+Kellogg+M.&rft.date=2005&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=252%E2%80%93265&rft_id=info:pmid/16131696&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Health_effects_of_coffee"></span><span style="font-size: x-small;"> (Placebo controlled randomized clinical trial)</span></li>
<li id="cite_note-32"><b> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_ref-32"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">^</span></a></b><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span> <span class="citation Journal"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Grandjean AC, Reimers KJ, Bannick KE, Haven MC (October 2000). <a class="external text" href="http://www.jacn.org/cgi/content/full/19/5/591" rel="nofollow"> "The effect of caffeinated, non-caffeinated, caloric and non-caloric beverages on hydration"</a>. <i>J. Am. Coll. Nutr.</i> <b>19</b> (5): 591–600. <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" title="PubMed Identifier"> PMID</a> <a class="external text" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11022872" rel="nofollow">11022872</a>.</span></span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+effect+of+caffeinated%2C+non-caffeinated%2C+caloric+and+non-caloric+beverages+on+hydration&rft.jtitle=J.+Am.+Coll.+Nutr.&rft.aulast=Grandjean+AC%2C+Reimers+KJ%2C+Bannick+KE%2C+Haven+MC&rft.au=Grandjean+AC%2C+Reimers+KJ%2C+Bannick+KE%2C+Haven+MC&rft.date=October+2000&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=591%E2%80%93600&rft_id=info:pmid/11022872&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jacn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Ffull%2F19%2F5%2F591&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Health_effects_of_coffee"></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-33"><b> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_ref-33"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">^</span></a></b><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span> <span class="citation web"><span style="font-size: x-small;"> <a class="external text" href="http://www.thenakedscientists.com/html/Shows/2003.10.19.htm#3" rel="nofollow"> "COFFEE CAN PREVENT COLON CANCER"</a>. <i> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Naked_Scientists" title="The Naked Scientists"> The Naked Scientists</a></i>. BBC. 2003-10-19<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved 2006-11-17</span>.</span></span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=COFFEE+CAN+PREVENT+COLON+CANCER&rft.atitle=%5B%5BThe+Naked+Scientists%5D%5D&rft.date=2003-10-19&rft.pub=BBC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thenakedscientists.com%2Fhtml%2FShows%2F2003.10.19.htm%233&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Health_effects_of_coffee"></span></li>
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<li id="cite_note-38"><b> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_ref-38"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">^</span></a></b><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span> <span class="citation Journal"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Watts, A.; Addy, M. (24 March 2001). "Tooth discolouration and staining: a review of the literature". <i>British Dental Journal</i> <b>190</b> (190): 309–316. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier"> doi</a>:<a class="external text" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.4800959" rel="nofollow">10.1038/sj.bdj.4800959</a>.</span></span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Tooth+discolouration+and+staining%3A+a+review+of+the+literature&rft.jtitle=British+Dental+Journal&rft.aulast=Watts&rft.aufirst=A.&rft.au=Watts%2C%26%2332%3BA.&rft.au=Addy%2C%26%2332%3BM.&rft.date=24+March+2001&rft.volume=190&rft.issue=190&rft.pages=309%E2%80%93316&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fsj.bdj.4800959&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Health_effects_of_coffee"></span></li>
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<li id="cite_note-41"><b> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_ref-41"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">^</span></a></b><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span> <span class="citation Journal"><span style="font-size: x-small;"> <a class="new" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rob_Urgert&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Rob Urgert (page does not exist)"> Urgert, Rob</a>; <a class="new" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Guido_van_der_Weg&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Guido van der Weg (page does not exist)"> van der Weg, Guido</a>; <a class="new" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Truus_G._Kosmeijer-Schuil&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Truus G. Kosmeijer-Schuil (page does not exist)"> Kosmeijer-Schuil, Truus G.</a>; <a class="new" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peter_van_de_Bovenkamp&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Peter van de Bovenkamp (page does not exist)"> van de Bovenkamp, Peter</a>; <a class="new" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Robert_Hovenier&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Robert Hovenier (page does not exist)"> Hovenier, Robert</a>; <a class="new" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Martijn_B._Katan&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Martijn B. Katan (page does not exist)"> Katan, Martijn B.</a> (1995). <a class="external text" href="http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jf00056a039" rel="nofollow"> "Levels of the Cholesterol-Elevating Diterpenes Cafestol and Kahweol in Various Coffee Brews"</a>. <i>Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry</i> (Washington: American Chemical Society) <b>43</b> (8): 2167–2172. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier"> doi</a>:</span><a class="external text" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf00056a039" rel="nofollow"><span style="font-size: x-small;">10.1021/jf00056a039</span></a></span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Levels+of+the+Cholesterol-Elevating+Diterpenes+Cafestol+and+Kahweol+in+Various+Coffee+Brews&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Agricultural+and+Food+Chemistry&rft.aulast=Urgert&rft.aufirst=Rob&rft.au=Urgert%2C%26%2332%3BRob&rft.au=van+der+Weg%2C%26%2332%3BGuido&rft.au=Kosmeijer-Schuil%2C%26%2332%3BTruus+G.&rft.au=van+de+Bovenkamp%2C%26%2332%3BPeter&rft.au=Hovenier%2C%26%2332%3BRobert&rft.au=Katan%2C%26%2332%3BMartijn+B.&rft.date=1995&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=8&rft.pages=2167%E2%80%932172&rft.place=Washington&rft.pub=American+Chemical+Society&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fjf00056a039&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpubs.acs.org%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1021%2Fjf00056a039&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Health_effects_of_coffee"></span></li>
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<li id="cite_note-pregnancydiet-44"><b> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_ref-pregnancydiet_44-0"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">^</span></a></b><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span> <span class="citation web"><span style="font-size: x-small;"> <a class="external text" href="http://pregnancydietplan101.com/caffeine-and-pregnancy" rel="nofollow"> "Caffeine and Pregnancy"</a>.</span></span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Caffeine+and+Pregnancy&rft.atitle=&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpregnancydietplan101.com%2Fcaffeine-and-pregnancy&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Health_effects_of_coffee"></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-45"><b> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_ref-45"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">^</span></a></b><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span> <span class="citation Journal"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Wisborg K, Kesmodel U, Bech BH, Hedegaard M, Henriksen TB (February 2003). "Maternal consumption of coffee during pregnancy and stillbirth and infant death in first year of life: prospective study". <i>BMJ</i> <b>326</b> (7386): 420. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier"> doi</a>:<a class="external text" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.326.7386.420" rel="nofollow">10.1136/bmj.326.7386.420</a>. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubMed_Central" title="PubMed Central"> PMC</a> <a class="external text" href="http://www.pubmedcentral.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=149440" rel="nofollow">149440</a>. <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" title="PubMed Identifier"> PMID</a> <a class="external text" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12595379" rel="nofollow">12595379</a>.</span></span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Maternal+consumption+of+coffee+during+pregnancy+and+stillbirth+and+infant+death+in+first+year+of+life%3A+prospective+study&rft.jtitle=BMJ&rft.aulast=Wisborg+K%2C+Kesmodel+U%2C+Bech+BH%2C+Hedegaard+M%2C+Henriksen+TB&rft.au=Wisborg+K%2C+Kesmodel+U%2C+Bech+BH%2C+Hedegaard+M%2C+Henriksen+TB&rft.date=February+2003&rft.volume=326&rft.issue=7386&rft.pages=420&rft_id=info:doi/10.1136%2Fbmj.326.7386.420&rft_id=info:pmc/149440&rft_id=info:pmid/12595379&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Health_effects_of_coffee"></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-pmid3414579-46"><b> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_ref-pmid3414579_46-0"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">^</span></a></b><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span> <span class="citation Journal"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Muñoz LM, Lönnerdal B, Keen CL, Dewey KG (September 1988). <a class="external text" href="http://www.ajcn.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=3414579" rel="nofollow"> "Coffee consumption as a factor in iron deficiency anemia among pregnant women and their infants in Costa Rica"</a>. <i>Am. J. Clin. Nutr.</i> <b>48</b> (3): 645–51. <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" title="PubMed Identifier"> PMID</a> <a class="external text" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3414579" rel="nofollow">3414579</a>.</span></span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Coffee+consumption+as+a+factor+in+iron+deficiency+anemia+among+pregnant+women+and+their+infants+in+Costa+Rica&rft.jtitle=Am.+J.+Clin.+Nutr.&rft.aulast=Mu%C3%B1oz+LM%2C+L%C3%B6nnerdal+B%2C+Keen+CL%2C+Dewey+KG&rft.au=Mu%C3%B1oz+LM%2C+L%C3%B6nnerdal+B%2C+Keen+CL%2C+Dewey+KG&rft.date=September+1988&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=645%E2%80%9351&rft_id=info:pmid/3414579&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ajcn.org%2Fcgi%2Fpmidlookup%3Fview%3Dlong%26pmid%3D3414579&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Health_effects_of_coffee"></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-pmid9209186-47"><b> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_ref-pmid9209186_47-0"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">^</span></a></b><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span> <span class="citation Journal"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Dewey KG, Romero-Abal ME, Quan de Serrano J, <i>et al.</i> (July 1997). <a class="external text" href="http://www.ajcn.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=9209186" rel="nofollow"> "Effects of discontinuing coffee intake on iron status of iron-deficient Guatemalan toddlers: a randomized intervention study"</a>. <i>Am. J. Clin. Nutr.</i> <b>66</b> (1): 168–76. <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" title="PubMed Identifier"> PMID</a> <a class="external text" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9209186" rel="nofollow">9209186</a>.</span></span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Effects+of+discontinuing+coffee+intake+on+iron+status+of+iron-deficient+Guatemalan+toddlers%3A+a+randomized+intervention+study&rft.jtitle=Am.+J.+Clin.+Nutr.&rft.aulast=Dewey+KG%2C+Romero-Abal+ME%2C+Quan+de+Serrano+J%2C+%27%27et+al.%27%27&rft.au=Dewey+KG%2C+Romero-Abal+ME%2C+Quan+de+Serrano+J%2C+%27%27et+al.%27%27&rft.date=July+1997&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=168%E2%80%9376&rft_id=info:pmid/9209186&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ajcn.org%2Fcgi%2Fpmidlookup%3Fview%3Dlong%26pmid%3D9209186&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Health_effects_of_coffee"></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-48"><b> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_ref-48"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">^</span></a></b><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span> <span class="citation Journal"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Zampelas A, Panagiotakos DB, Pitsavos C, Chrysohoou C, Stefanadis C (October 2004). "Associations between coffee consumption and inflammatory markers in healthy persons: the ATTICA study.". <i>The American journal of clinical nutrition</i> <b>80</b> (4): 862–7. <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" title="PubMed Identifier"> PMID</a> <a class="external text" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15447891" rel="nofollow">15447891</a>.</span></span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Associations+between+coffee+consumption+and+inflammatory+markers+in+healthy+persons%3A+the+ATTICA+study.&rft.jtitle=The+American+journal+of+clinical+nutrition&rft.aulast=Zampelas+A%2C+Panagiotakos+DB%2C+Pitsavos+C%2C+Chrysohoou+C%2C+Stefanadis+C&rft.au=Zampelas+A%2C+Panagiotakos+DB%2C+Pitsavos+C%2C+Chrysohoou+C%2C+Stefanadis+C&rft.date=October+2004&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=862%E2%80%937&rft_id=info:pmid/15447891&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Health_effects_of_coffee"></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-49"><b> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_ref-49"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">^</span></a></b><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span> <span class="citation Journal"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Cornelis MC, El-Sohemy A, Kabagambe EK, Campos H (March 2006). "Coffee, CYP1A2 Genotype, and Risk of Myocardial Infarction". <i> JAMA: the Journal of the American Medical Association</i> <b> 295</b> (10): 1135–41. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier"> doi</a>:<a class="external text" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.295.10.1135" rel="nofollow">10.1001/jama.295.10.1135</a>. <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" title="PubMed Identifier"> PMID</a> <a class="external text" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16522833" rel="nofollow">16522833</a>.</span></span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Coffee%2C+CYP1A2+Genotype%2C+and+Risk+of+Myocardial+Infarction&rft.jtitle=JAMA%3A+the+Journal+of+the+American+Medical+Association&rft.aulast=Cornelis+MC%2C+El-Sohemy+A%2C+Kabagambe+EK%2C+Campos+H&rft.au=Cornelis+MC%2C+El-Sohemy+A%2C+Kabagambe+EK%2C+Campos+H&rft.date=March+2006&rft.volume=295&rft.issue=10&rft.pages=1135%E2%80%9341&rft_id=info:doi/10.1001%2Fjama.295.10.1135&rft_id=info:pmid/16522833&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Health_effects_of_coffee"></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-50"><b> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_ref-50"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">^</span></a></b><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span> <span class="citation Journal"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Lopez-Garcia E, van Dam RM, Willett WC, <i>et al.</i> (May 2006). "Coffee Consumption and Coronary Heart Disease in Men and Women: A Prospective Cohort Study". <i>Circulation</i> <b>113</b> (17): 2045–53. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier"> doi</a>:<a class="external text" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.598664" rel="nofollow">10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.598664</a>. <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" title="PubMed Identifier"> PMID</a> <a class="external text" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16636169" rel="nofollow">16636169</a>.</span></span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Coffee+Consumption+and+Coronary+Heart+Disease+in+Men+and+Women%3A+A+Prospective+Cohort+Study&rft.jtitle=Circulation&rft.aulast=Lopez-Garcia+E%2C+van+Dam+RM%2C+Willett+WC%2C+%27%27et+al.%27%27&rft.au=Lopez-Garcia+E%2C+van+Dam+RM%2C+Willett+WC%2C+%27%27et+al.%27%27&rft.date=May+2006&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=17&rft.pages=2045%E2%80%9353&rft_id=info:doi/10.1161%2FCIRCULATIONAHA.105.598664&rft_id=info:pmid/16636169&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Health_effects_of_coffee"></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-51"><b> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee#cite_ref-51"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">^</span></a></b><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span> <span class="citation Journal"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Andersen LF, Jacobs DR, Carlsen MH, Blomhoff R (May 2006). "Consumption of coffee is associated with reduced risk of death attributed to inflammatory and cardiovascular diseases in the Iowa Women's Health Study.". <i>The American journal of clinical nutrition</i> <b>83</b> (5): 1039–46. <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" title="PubMed Identifier"> PMID</a> <a class="external text" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16685044" rel="nofollow">16685044</a>.</span></span></li>
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</div>Bambang Puryantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11561929982352308329noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4883520132502124.post-75208042097718364632011-06-13T09:26:00.001-07:002011-06-13T09:57:24.156-07:00COFFEE FOR BRAIN 5<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><h1><a href="http://miraculummundi.blogspot.com/2011/06/coffee-for-brain-5.html">COFFEE FOR BRAIN 5</a></h1><br />
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><h1 class="firstHeading" id="firstHeading">Gunané kopi</h1><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<div align="center"><div><a class="image" href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambar:Coffe.jpg" linkindex="12"><br />
<img alt="" class="thumbimage" height="267" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Coffe.jpg/250px-Coffe.jpg" width="400" /></a><br />
<div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a class="internal" href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambar:Coffe.jpg" linkindex="13" title="Gedhèkna"><br />
<img alt="" height="11" src="http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.17/common/images/magnify-clip.png" width="15" /></a></div>Kopi Indonésia</div></div></div><br />
<div align="justify"><b>Gunané Kopi</b> kajaba pancèn mènèhi kanikmatan kanggo kang ngombé, uga duwé <a class="new" href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kasiat&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Kasiat (kaca durung ana)"> kasiat</a> tumrap <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kas%C3%A9hatan" title="Kaséhatan"> kaséhatan</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-internet1_0-0"><a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_note-internet1-0">[1]</a></sup> Miturut <a class="new" href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Harvard_Women%E2%80%99s_Health&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Harvard Women’s Health (kaca durung ana)"> Harvard Women’s Health</a>, ana pitu paédah <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wedang_kopi" title="Wedang kopi"> kopi</a> yaiku kanggo <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kencing_Manis" title="Kencing Manis"> diabetes</a>, <a class="new" href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kanker&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Kanker (kaca durung ana)"> kanker</a>, <a class="new" href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sirosis&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Sirosis (kaca durung ana)"> sirosis</a>, <a class="new" href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Panyakit_Parkinson&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Panyakit Parkinson (kaca durung ana)"> panyakit Parkinson</a>, <a class="new" href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Panyakit_jantung&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Panyakit jantung (kaca durung ana)"> panyakit jantung</a>, <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stroke" title="Stroke"> stroke</a>, lan <a class="new" href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fungsi_kognitif&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Fungsi kognitif (kaca durung ana)"> fungsi kognitif</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-internet2_1-0"><a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_note-internet2-1">[2]</a></sup></div><h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Diabetes"> </span></h2><h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Diabetes">Diabetes</span></h2><div align="justify">Saka 20 penelitian kang wis dilakoni ing sakupengé donya, nuduhké yén kopi bisa nyuda résiko <a class="new" href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Diabetes_tipe-2&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Diabetes tipe-2 (kaca durung ana)"> diabetes tipe-2</a> nganti tekan 50%.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-internet2_1-1"><a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_note-internet2-1">[2]</a></sup> Miturut para peneliti, kadadéan kasebut diduga saka <a class="new" href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Asam_klorogenik&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Asam klorogenik (kaca durung ana)"> asam klorogenik</a> kang dikandhut kopi duwéni guna kanggo ngalonke penyerapan gula ing pencernaan.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-internet2_1-2"><a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_note-internet2-1">[2]</a></sup> Asam klorogenik uga bisa mancing ngrembakane <a class="new" href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=GLP-1&action=edit&redlink=1" title="GLP-1 (kaca durung ana)"> GLP-1</a>, yaiku zat kimia kang bisa nambahi produksi <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulin" title="Insulin"> insulin</a> ( <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormon" title="Hormon"> hormon</a> sing ngatur penyerapan gula sajroning sel – sel).<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-internet2_1-3"><a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_note-internet2-1">[2]</a></sup> Saengga bisa nyegah <a class="new" href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Resistensi_insulin&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Resistensi insulin (kaca durung ana)"> resistensi insulin</a>, minangka pratandha anane diabetes tipe-2.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-internet4_2-0"><a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_note-internet4-2">[3]</a></sup> Zat liyane kang dikandhut kopi yaiku <a class="new" href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Trigonelin&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Trigonelin (kaca durung ana)"> trigonelin</a> (pro vitamin B3) kang uga bisa nyengkuyung kanggo ngalonke penyerapan <a class="new" href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Glukosa&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Glukosa (kaca durung ana)"> glukosa</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-internet2_1-4"><a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_note-internet2-1">[2]</a></sup> Penelitian sing anyar nyebutke tumrap wong kang ngombe kopi 4 cangkir sedina, duwe resiko nandang diabetes tipe-2 luwih cilik tinimbang wong kang ora tau ngombe kopi.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-internet5_3-0"><a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_note-internet5-3">[4]</a></sup> Ananging kopi kang diombe yaiku <a class="new" href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kopi_reguler&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Kopi reguler (kaca durung ana)"> kopi reguler</a> utawa <a class="new" href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kopi_%27%27decaf%27%27&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Kopi ''decaf'' (kaca durung ana)"> kopi ''decaf''</a> kanthi kadar <a class="new" href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kafein&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Kafein (kaca durung ana)"> kafein</a> sing dikurangi.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-internet4_2-1"><a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_note-internet4-2">[3]</a></sup></div><h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Kanker"> </span></h2><h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Kanker">Kanker</span></h2><div align="justify">Kasil <a class="new" href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Riset&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Riset (kaca durung ana)"> riset</a> kanthi <a class="new" href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Konsisten&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Konsisten (kaca durung ana)"> konsisten</a> nuduhake yen kopi bisa nyuda resiko <a class="new" href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kanker_hati&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Kanker hati (kaca durung ana)"> kanker hati</a>, <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanker_payudara" title="Kanker payudara"> kanker payudara</a> lan <a class="new" href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kanker_usus_besar&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Kanker usus besar (kaca durung ana)"> kanker usus besar</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-internet2_1-5"><a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_note-internet2-1">[2]</a></sup> Ngancik <a class="new" href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Menopause&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Menopause (kaca durung ana)"> menopause</a>, wanita kang ngombe kopi 4 cangkir saben dinane duwe resiko nandang kanker payudara luwih cilik nganti tekan 38%.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-internet4_2-2"><a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_note-internet4-2">[3]</a></sup> Mangkono mau miturut studi kang kapacak ing <i>The Journal of Nutrition</i>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-internet4_2-3"><a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_note-internet4-2">[3]</a></sup> Kopi ngandhut <a class="new" href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Phytoestrogen&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Phytoestrogen (kaca durung ana)"> phytoestrogen</a> lan <a class="new" href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Flavonoid&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Flavonoid (kaca durung ana)"> flavonoid</a> kang bisa nahan ngembakane <a class="new" href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tumor&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Tumor (kaca durung ana)"> tumor</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-internet4_2-4"><a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_note-internet4-2">[3]</a></sup></div><h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Sirosis"> </span></h2><h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Sirosis">Sirosis</span></h2><div align="justify">Kopi bisa uga njaga ati saka <a class="new" href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sirosis&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Sirosis (kaca durung ana)"> sirosis</a>, kang utama sirosis amarga mendem <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkohol" title="Alkohol"> alkohol</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-internet2_1-6"><a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_note-internet2-1">[2]</a></sup> Salah sijining penelitian kang dilakoni dening para peneliti AS nuduhke yen ngombe kopi 2 cangkir saben dinane bisa nyuda risiko kena <a class="new" href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kanker_hati&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Kanker hati (kaca durung ana)"> kanker hati</a> nganti tekan 43%.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-internet5_3-1"><a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_note-internet5-3">[4]</a></sup> Miturut <a class="new" href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dr._Arthur_Klatsky&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Dr. Arthur Klatsky (kaca durung ana)"> Dr. Arthur Klatsky</a> saka divisi peneliti ing <a class="new" href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Oakland&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Oakland (kaca durung ana)"> Oakland</a>, <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/California" title="California"> California</a> kang nglakoni survey tumrap 125.000 wong, separone minangka pecandu alkohol.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-internet1_0-1"><a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_note-internet1-0">[1]</a></sup> Kasil penelitian nuduhke yen ngombe kopi sak cangkir saben dina bisa nyuda 80% risiko infeksi ati amarga mendem alkohol.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-internet1_0-2"><a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_note-internet1-0">[1]</a></sup> Kopi bisa nyaring racun saka alkohol kang ana sajroning getih manungsa.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-internet1_0-3"><a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_note-internet1-0">[1]</a></sup> Ananging para peneliti durung bisa ngandharake bahan apa kang dikandhut kopi saengga bisa nyaring racun alkohol.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-internet1_0-4"><a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_note-internet1-0">[1]</a></sup></div><h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Panyakit_Parkinson"> </span></h2><h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Panyakit_Parkinson">Panyakit Parkinson</span></h2><div align="justify">Uwong – uwong kang ngombe kopi duwe resiko luwih cilik nandang <a class="new" href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Parkinson&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Parkinson (kaca durung ana)"> Parkinson</a> tinimbang kang ora ngombe.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-internet2_1-7"><a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_note-internet2-1">[2]</a></sup> Kopi kang ngandhut <a class="new" href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kafein&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Kafein (kaca durung ana)"> kafein</a> kasebut ora bakal ngrembakakake panyakit <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alzheimer" title="Alzheimer"> Alzheimer</a> lan Parkinson.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-internet4_2-5"><a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_note-internet4-2">[3]</a></sup> Kandhutan <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antioksidan" title="Antioksidan"> antioksidan</a> sajroning kopi bakal njaga sel kang ana gegayutane karo Parkinson supaya ora rusak. Dene Kafein bakal nyegah <a class="new" href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peradangan&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Peradangan (kaca durung ana)"> peradangan</a> sajroning <a class="new" href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Otak&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Otak (kaca durung ana)"> otak</a>, sing asring digayutake karo Alzheimer.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-internet4_2-6"><a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_note-internet4-2">[3]</a></sup></div><h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Panyakit_jantung"> </span></h2><h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Panyakit_jantung">Panyakit jantung</span></h2><div align="justify">Kopi bisa nyuda resiko nandang panyakit jantung.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-internet2_1-8"><a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_note-internet2-1">[2]</a></sup> miturut penelitian sing kapacak ing <a class="new" href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arteriosclerosis&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Arteriosclerosis (kaca durung ana)"> Arteriosclerosis</a>, <a class="new" href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thrombosis&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Thrombosis (kaca durung ana)"> Thrombosis</a>, and <a class="new" href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vascular_Biology&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Vascular Biology (kaca durung ana)"> Vascular Biology</a>, jurnal Asosiasi <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jantung" title="Jantung"> Jantung</a> <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amerika" title="Amerika"> Amerika</a> ngandharake yen adat padinan ngombe kopi lan the diduga bisa nyuda resiko penyaki jantung. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-internet3_4-0"> <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_note-internet3-4"> [5]</a></sup> Wong kang ngombe kopi 2 nganti 4 cangkir saben dinane duwe resiko 20% luwih cilik nandang panyakit jantung tinimbang wong kang ngombe kopi kurang saka 4 cangkir. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-internet3_4-1"> <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_note-internet3-4"> [5]</a></sup>Kopi ngandhut antioksidan kang luwih akeh tinimbang <a class="new" href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Blueberry&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Blueberry (kaca durung ana)"> blueberry</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-internet5_3-2"><a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_note-internet5-3">[4]</a></sup> Antioksidan iku kang bisa njaga jantung uga nyuda efek rusak amarga <a class="new" href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peradangan_arteri&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Peradangan arteri (kaca durung ana)"> peradangan arteri</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-internet5_3-3"><a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_note-internet5-3">[4]</a></sup> Kopi uga bisa nyuda tensi getih lan ngambakake pembuluh darah sing bakal ndadekake lakune getih luwih gancar.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-internet5_3-4"><a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_note-internet5-3">[4]</a></sup></div><h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Stroke"> </span></h2><h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Stroke">Stroke</span></h2><div align="justify">Ngombe sak cangkir kopi saben dina bisa nyuda resiko <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stroke" title="Stroke"> stroke</a> utamane kanggo wong wadon.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-internet6_5-0"><a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_note-internet6-5">[6]</a></sup> Mangkono kasil penelitian sing dilakoni dening para peneliti saka <a class="new" href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%27%27Divisi_Nutrisi_Epideniologi,_National_Institute_of_Enviromental_Medicine,_Karolinska_Institute_ing_Stockholm%27%27&action=edit&redlink=1" title="''Divisi Nutrisi Epideniologi, National Institute of Enviromental Medicine, Karolinska Institute ing Stockholm'' (kaca durung ana)"> ''Divisi Nutrisi Epideniologi, National Institute of Enviromental Medicine, Karolinska Institute ing Stockholm''</a>, <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swedia" title="Swedia"> Swedia</a> durung suwe iki.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-internet6_5-1"><a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_note-internet6-5">[6]</a></sup> Penelitian mau dilakoni tumrap 34.670 wanita kang umure saka 48 taun nganti tekan 83 taun.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-internet6_5-2"><a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_note-internet6-5">[6]</a></sup> Banjur ditemokake yen wanita sing asring ngombe kopi bisa nyuda resiko nandang stroke nganti tekan 25%.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-internet6_5-3"><a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_note-internet6-5">[6]</a></sup> Mangkono uga kang ditemokake miturut studi tumrap wong lanang ing <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finlandia" title="Finlandia"> Finlandia</a>. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-internet2_1-9"> <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_note-internet2-1"> [2]</a></sup> Ananging sanadyan paedah kopi iku gedhe tumrap kaséhatan, diwanti – wanti supaya ora ngombe kopi kanthi luwih.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-internet6_5-4"><a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_note-internet6-5">[6]</a></sup></div><h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Fungsi_kognitif"> </span></h2><h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Fungsi_kognitif">Fungsi kognitif</span></h2><div align="justify">Studi tumrap 4.197 wong wadon lan 2.820 wong lanang ing Perancis nuduhke yen ngombe kopi sawetara 3 cangkir saben dina bisa nyegah sudane <a class="new" href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fungsi_kognitif&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Fungsi kognitif (kaca durung ana)"> fungsi kognitif</a> <a class="new" href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Otak&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Otak (kaca durung ana)"> otak</a> dumadi saka umur kang saya tuwa nganti tekan 33% tumrap wong wadon.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-internet2_1-10"><a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_note-internet2-1">[2]</a></sup> Ananging paedah mau ora ditemokake tumrap wong lanang amarga wong wadon luwih peka karo kafein.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-internet2_1-11"><a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_note-internet2-1">[2]</a></sup> Kopi ngandhut antioksidan kang bisa ngrewangi gancarake <a class="new" href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Neurotransmitter&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Neurotransmitter (kaca durung ana)"> neurotransmitter</a> sing bakal ningkatake kerja fungsi otak.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-internet5_3-5"><a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_note-internet5-3">[4]</a></sup></div><h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Cathetan_suku"> </span></h2><h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Cathetan_suku">Cathetan suku</span></h2><div class="references-small" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><ol class="references" style="text-align: justify;"><li id="cite_note-internet1-0"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">↑ <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_ref-internet1_0-0"> <sup>a</sup></a> <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_ref-internet1_0-1"> <sup>b</sup></a> <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_ref-internet1_0-2"> <sup>c</sup></a> <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_ref-internet1_0-3"> <sup>d</sup></a> <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_ref-internet1_0-4"> <sup>e</sup></a> <a class="external text" href="http://www.beritaterkini.asia/2010/08/khasiat-kopi-bisa-mengurangi-racun.html" rel="nofollow"> www.beritaterkini.asia</a> (diunduh tanggal 22 April 2011).</span></li>
<li id="cite_note-internet2-1"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">↑ <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_ref-internet2_1-0"> <sup>a</sup></a> <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_ref-internet2_1-1"> <sup>b</sup></a> <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_ref-internet2_1-2"> <sup>c</sup></a> <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_ref-internet2_1-3"> <sup>d</sup></a> <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_ref-internet2_1-4"> <sup>e</sup></a> <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_ref-internet2_1-5"> <sup>f</sup></a> <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_ref-internet2_1-6"> <sup>g</sup></a> <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_ref-internet2_1-7"> <sup>h</sup></a> <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_ref-internet2_1-8"> <sup>i</sup></a> <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_ref-internet2_1-9"> <sup>j</sup></a> <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_ref-internet2_1-10"> <sup>k</sup></a> <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_ref-internet2_1-11"> <sup>l</sup></a> <a class="external text" href="http://majalahkesehatan.com/manfaat-kopi-bagi-kesehatan/" rel="nofollow"> majalahkesehatan.com</a> (diunduh tanggal 22 April 2011).</span></li>
<li id="cite_note-internet4-2"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">↑ <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_ref-internet4_2-0"> <sup>a</sup></a> <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_ref-internet4_2-1"> <sup>b</sup></a> <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_ref-internet4_2-2"> <sup>c</sup></a> <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_ref-internet4_2-3"> <sup>d</sup></a> <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_ref-internet4_2-4"> <sup>e</sup></a> <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_ref-internet4_2-5"> <sup>f</sup></a> <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_ref-internet4_2-6"> <sup>g</sup></a> <a class="external text" href="http://female.kompas.com/read/2009/07/27/11533750/Manfaat.Kopi.untuk.Mencegah.Berbagai.Panyakit%2520" rel="nofollow"> female.kompas.com</a> (diunduh tanggal 22 april 2011)</span></li>
<li id="cite_note-internet5-3"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">↑ <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_ref-internet5_3-0"> <sup>a</sup></a> <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_ref-internet5_3-1"> <sup>b</sup></a> <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_ref-internet5_3-2"> <sup>c</sup></a> <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_ref-internet5_3-3"> <sup>d</sup></a> <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_ref-internet5_3-4"> <sup>e</sup></a> <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_ref-internet5_3-5"> <sup>f</sup></a> <a class="external text" href="http://kesehatan.liputan6.com/berita/201103/323006/cegah_panyakit_dengan_secangkir_kopi%2520" rel="nofollow"> kesehatan.liputan6.com</a> (diunduh tanggal 22 april 2011)</span></li>
<li id="cite_note-internet3-4"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">↑ <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_ref-internet3_4-0"> <sup>a</sup></a> <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_ref-internet3_4-1"> <sup>b</sup></a> <a class="external text" href="http://www.tempointeraktif.com/hg/kesehatan/2010/06/21/brk,20100621-257083,id.html" rel="nofollow"> www.tempointeraktif.com</a>(diunduh tanggal 22 april 2011)</span></li>
<li id="cite_note-internet6-5"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">↑ <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_ref-internet6_5-0"> <sup>a</sup></a> <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_ref-internet6_5-1"> <sup>b</sup></a> <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_ref-internet6_5-2"> <sup>c</sup></a> <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_ref-internet6_5-3"> <sup>d</sup></a> <a href="http://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunan%C3%A9_kopi#cite_ref-internet6_5-4"> <sup>e</sup></a> <a class="external text" href="http://kesehatan.liputan6.com/berita/201103/325502/cegah_stroke_dengan_secangkir_kopi%2520" rel="nofollow"> kesehatan.liputan6.com</a> (diunduh tanggal 22 april 2011)</span></li>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"> <div align="center"> <div> <a class="image" href="http://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Datei:FruitColors.jpg&filetimestamp=20050508223136"> <img alt="" class="thumbimage" height="300" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/FruitColors.jpg/220px-FruitColors.jpg" width="400" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"> <a class="internal" href="http://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Datei:FruitColors.jpg&filetimestamp=20050508223136" title="vergrößern"> <img alt="" height="11" src="http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.17/common/images/magnify-clip.png" width="15" /></a></div><a href="http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaffee_%28Pflanze%2529" title="Kaffee (Pflanze)"> Catucaí-Kaffeebaum</a></div></div></div><br />
<div align="center"> <div> <a class="image" href="http://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Datei:Rohkaffee.jpg&filetimestamp=20060730181348"> <img alt="" class="thumbimage" height="300" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Rohkaffee.jpg/220px-Rohkaffee.jpg" width="400" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"> <a class="internal" href="http://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Datei:Rohkaffee.jpg&filetimestamp=20060730181348" title="vergrößern"> <img alt="" height="11" src="http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.17/common/images/magnify-clip.png" width="15" /></a></div>Rohe <a href="http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaffeebohne" title="Kaffeebohne"> Kaffeebohnen</a></div></div></div><br />
<div align="center"> <div> <a class="image" href="http://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Datei:Roasted_coffee_beans.jpg&filetimestamp=20050113103409"> <img alt="" class="thumbimage" height="300" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Roasted_coffee_beans.jpg/220px-Roasted_coffee_beans.jpg" width="400" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"> <a class="internal" href="http://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Datei:Roasted_coffee_beans.jpg&filetimestamp=20050113103409" title="vergrößern"> <img alt="" height="11" src="http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.17/common/images/magnify-clip.png" width="15" /></a></div>Hell geröstete Kaffeebohnen</div></div></div> <hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /> </td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"> <div align="center"> <div> <a class="image" href="http://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Datei:A_small_cup_of_coffee.JPG&filetimestamp=20050413053153"> <img alt="" class="thumbimage" height="300" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/A_small_cup_of_coffee.JPG/220px-A_small_cup_of_coffee.JPG" width="400" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"> <a class="internal" href="http://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Datei:A_small_cup_of_coffee.JPG&filetimestamp=20050413053153" title="vergrößern"> <img alt="" height="11" src="http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.17/common/images/magnify-clip.png" width="15" /></a></div>Eine Tasse Kaffee</div></div></div><br />
<div align="center"> <div> <a class="image" href="http://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Datei:Eth1_coffeelady.jpg&filetimestamp=20050713211655"> <img alt="" class="thumbimage" height="334" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Eth1_coffeelady.jpg/220px-Eth1_coffeelady.jpg" width="400" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"> <a class="internal" href="http://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Datei:Eth1_coffeelady.jpg&filetimestamp=20050713211655" title="vergrößern"> <img alt="" height="11" src="http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.17/common/images/magnify-clip.png" width="15" /></a></div>Kaffeeernte in <a href="http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%84thiopien" title="Äthiopien"> Äthiopien</a></div></div></div><br />
<div align="center"> <div> <a class="image" href="http://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Datei:Coffee_sorting_dili.jpg&filetimestamp=20100331150803"> <img alt="" class="thumbimage" height="640" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Coffee_sorting_dili.jpg/220px-Coffee_sorting_dili.jpg" width="406" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"> <a class="internal" href="http://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Datei:Coffee_sorting_dili.jpg&filetimestamp=20100331150803" title="vergrößern"> <img alt="" height="11" src="http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.17/common/images/magnify-clip.png" width="15" /></a></div>Kaffeesortiererin in <a href="http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dili" title="Dili"> Dili</a>/<a href="http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osttimor" title="Osttimor">Osttimor</a></div></div></div> <hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /> </td> </tr>
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</div>Bambang Puryantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11561929982352308329noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4883520132502124.post-38118607525378605642011-06-11T15:40:00.000-07:002011-06-11T15:58:06.880-07:00COFFEE FOR BRAIN 4<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><h1><a href="http://miraculummundi.blogspot.com/2011/06/coffee-for-brain-4.html">COFFEE FOR BRAIN 4</a></h1><br />
<div style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.upso.org/images/portfolio/coffee_benefits.gif"><img alt="http://www.upso.org/images/portfolio/coffee_benefits.gif" height="240" src="http://www.upso.org/images/portfolio/coffee_benefits.gif" width="400" /></a></div><br />
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<div style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://coffeeauthorities.files.wordpress.com/2010/11/coffee_authorites_firestorm_coffee_benefit_poster.jpg"><img alt="http://coffeeauthorities.files.wordpress.com/2010/11/coffee_authorites_firestorm_coffee_benefit_poster.jpg" height="640" src="http://coffeeauthorities.files.wordpress.com/2010/11/coffee_authorites_firestorm_coffee_benefit_poster.jpg" width="428" /></a></div><div style="text-align: center;">POSTER </div><br />
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</div>Bambang Puryantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11561929982352308329noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4883520132502124.post-84234021731216123122011-06-11T15:07:00.001-07:002011-06-11T15:32:30.952-07:00COFFEE FOR BRAIN 3<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><h1><a href="http://miraculummundi.blogspot.com/2011/06/coffee-for-brain-3.html">COFFEE FOR BRAIN 3</a></h1><br />
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><h1>Drinking Coffee Could Prevent Brain Cancer</h1><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><div align="justify">Your morning cup of coffee may do more than wake you up; it could lower your risk for brain cancer.<br />
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Researchers at brown university followed more than 400,000 people for at least eight years, tracking their diet and health outcomes.<br />
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Those who drank just half a cup of coffee or more a day had a 34 percent decreased risk of a brain tumor called a glioma compared to non-coffee drinkers.<br />
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This protective effect is slightly stronger among men and applies only to gliomas.</div><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><div align="justify"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"> <a href="http://www2.nbc4i.com/lifestyles/2010/nov/29/drinking-coffee-could-prevent-brain-cancer-ar-307340/"> http://www2.nbc4i.com/lifestyles/2010/nov/29/drinking-coffee-could-prevent-brain-cancer-ar-307340/</a> </span></div><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><h1 class="headline">Tea and coffee may reduce brain tumor risk: EPIC Study</h1><div class="author_date">By Nathan Gray</div><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><div class="news_full"><div align="justify">Daily intakes of more than 100 ml of tea or coffee may significantly reduce the risk of certain brain tumors, according to new research published in the <i> American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.</i> </div><h4 style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">The study is based on data from over half a million people in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study, and finds that people consuming over 100 ml of </span><a href="http://www.nutraingredients-usa.com/content/search?SearchText=tea&FromNews" style="font-weight: normal;"> tea</a><span style="font-weight: normal;">, </span><a href="http://www.nutraingredients-usa.com/content/search?SearchText=coffee&FromNews" style="font-weight: normal;"> coffee</a><span style="font-weight: normal;">, or both, per day are at significantly lower risk of </span><a href="http://www.nutraingredients-usa.com/content/search?SearchText=glioblastoma+tumours&FromNews" style="font-weight: normal;"> glioblastoma tumours</a><span style="font-weight: normal;"> (</span><a href="http://www.nutraingredients-usa.com/content/search?SearchText=glioma&FromNews" style="font-weight: normal;">glioma</a><span style="font-weight: normal;">) than those consuming less than 100 ml per day. </span></h4><div class="story" id="story"><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"><i>“In this large cohort study, we observed an inverse association between total coffee and tea consumption and risk of glioma,” </i>wrote the researchers, led by Dr. Dominique S Michaud from the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health at Imperial College, London. </div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"><b>Poor prognosis</b> </div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">According to the American Brain Tumor Association, glioma's are tumors that start in the supportive tissue brain. The exact causes of gliomas are not known, however the prognosis for people once diagnosed with the type of tumour is usually very poor. </div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">A recent US study found total coffee and tea consumption was inversely associated with risk of glioma, whilst experimental studies have shown caffeine can slow the invasive growth of glioblastoma tumours. </div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">However very few large scale epidemiologic studies have measured the association between coffee, tea, or caffeinated beverages and glioma risk. The authors noted that the results of these studies <i>“have been inconsistent”</i>. </div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"><i>“Given the limited evidence suggesting that coffee and tea intake may reduce the risk of glioma, more studies are needed to address this hypothesis,”</i> stated the researchers. </div><div align="justify">In the new study, the researchers examined the relation between coffee and tea intake and risk of glioma and meningioma. </div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">A significant inverse association was observed for glioma risk when consuming more than 100 ml coffee and tea per day, compared consuming less than 100 ml per day. </div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">However, the researchers observed no association between coffee, tea, or combined coffee and tea consumption and risk of either type of brain tumor when looking at data based on country-specific intakes. </div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">No association was reported for meningioma risk with the same intake values for coffee and tea intake combined, or when a higher cutoff of 200 ml per day was used. </div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"><b>Potential mechanisms</b> </div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"><i>“Given that we did not observe an association between coffee and tea consumption and meningioma risk, it is possible that the effect of coffee, if causal, is acting late in the process of carcinogenesis by preventing tumor growth,”</i> suggested the researchers. </div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">Another potential mechanism that may be implicated in the observed effects, involves the DNA repair protein <a href="http://www.nutraingredients-usa.com/content/search?SearchText=MGMT&FromNews"> MGMT</a>. Higher activation of MGMT is believed to have a protective effect against development of several types of cancer, including colon cancer and glioma. </div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">Coffee compounds kahweol and cafestol have been reported to increase MGMT activity in rats, whilst certain tea polyphenols are known to reactivate genes in cancer cells – including MGMT. </div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"><i>“These findings, if further replicated in other studies, may provide new avenues of research on gliomas,”</i> they added. </div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Source: <i>American Journal of Clinical Nutrition</i></span> </div><span style="font-size: xx-small;"> </span><br />
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</div><div align="justify"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Published online ahead of print, doi: </span></div><span style="font-size: xx-small;"> </span><br />
<div align="justify"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><i>“Coffee and tea intake and risk of brain tumors in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort study”</i></span> </div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Authors: D.S Michaud, V. Gallo, B. Schlehofer, A. Tjønneland, A. Olsen, K. Overvad, et al. </span></div></div></div><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><div align="justify"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"> <a href="http://www.nutraingredients-usa.com/Research/Tea-and-coffee-may-reduce-brain-tumor-risk-EPIC-Study"> http://www.nutraingredients-usa.com/Research/Tea-and-coffee-may-reduce-brain-tumor-risk-EPIC-Study</a> </span></div><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<div align="center"> <table background="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEy2sReccgydABG9B8xcJLraLs6EZ5SCc8gPEZ44hiMMAjNahYM2OJOHW2Ze9uhRabod1bWRzeoMbVBFsY6BNstswXVmv8zl7G8RoV1K490UWkuT6y-ia6rFshqpB2xIaMfnYnkyg2qtI/s1600/batik2.png" bgcolor="#FFFFCC" border="0" id="table2"><tbody>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"> <h1 class="headline">Tea and coffee, the brain cancer shield</h1><div class="author_date">By Nathan Gray</div><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"> <div class="entry-content clearfix"><div style="text-align: center;"> <a href="http://ewnlifestyle.com/v2/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/coffee_tea_main.jpg"><img alt="" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-6154" height="389" src="http://ewnlifestyle.com/v2/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/coffee_tea_main.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">REGULARILY drinking tea and coffee could shield against a form of brain cancer – specifically glioma – according to a recent study.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">Drinking just under half a cup of coffee daily can lower the risk of gliomas by as much as 34 per cent, with the protective effect slightly stronger in men.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">The study, by Brown University (USA), looked at the dietary habits – including the amount of tea and coffee consumed – of more than 400,000 men and women between the ages of 25 and 70.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">Participants – who were from countries including Spain, the UK, Germany, the Netherlands, Denmark, Sweden, Norway, Italy and Greece – were tracked over a period of about 8.5 years.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify">The Danish were the biggest coffee consumers with an average of 3.5 cups per day and Italians the lowest with less than half a cup a day. Tea consumption was found to be highest in Great Britain and lowest in Spain.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">This study was lead by Dominique S Michaud of Brown University’s department of community health in Providence (USA) and headed by an international team.</span></div><span style="font-size: xx-small;"> </span><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">The results were published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.</span></div><span style="font-size: xx-small;"> </span><br />
<span style="font-size: xx-small;"><em>By Nicole Hallett</em></span></div><br />
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"> <div align="justify"> <span style="font-size: xx-small;"> <a href="http://ewnlifestyle.com/1470/tea-and-coffee-the-brain-cancer-shield"> http://ewnlifestyle.com/1470/tea-and-coffee-the-brain-cancer-shield</a></span></div><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr valign="top"> <td bgcolor="#CCCCCC" rowspan="5" width="1"><img alt="" height="1" src="http://school.discoveryeducation.com/gallery/odot.gif" width="1" /></td> <td bgcolor="#CCCCCC" width="437"><img height="1" src="http://school.discoveryeducation.com/gallery/odot.gif" width="439" /></td> <td bgcolor="#cccccc" height="1" rowspan="4"><img border="0" height="140" src="http://school.discoveryeducation.com/gallery/odot.gif" width="1" /></td> </tr>
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<tr valign="top"> <td align="right" background="/brainboosters/gallery/lib_bg.gif" bgcolor="#99ff66" height="29" width="437"><a href="http://school.discoveryeducation.com/brainboosters/"> <img alt="Browse the Brain Boosters Gallery" border="0" height="29" src="http://school.discoveryeducation.com/brainboosters/gallery/booster_lib.gif" width="272" /> </a></td> </tr>
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<tr valign="top"> <td width="25"></td> <td width="313"><span class="category"> Number and Math Play</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span class="textb">Coffee Break</span></b></span></td> <td width="20"></td> </tr>
<tr valign="top"> <td width="25"><img alt="Q" border="0" height="21" src="http://school.discoveryeducation.com/brainboosters/gallery/brb_q_9f6.gif" width="21" /></td> <td style="text-align: justify;" width="313">In your mind, follow these instructions:<br />
<ol><li>Beginning with a full cup of coffee, drink one-sixth of it.</li>
<li>Pour into the cup the same amount of milk as you have just drunk of the coffee.</li>
<li>Now drink one-third of the mixture.</li>
<li>Pour into the cup the same amount of milk as you have just drunk of the mixture.</li>
<li>Now drink one-half of the mixture in the cup.</li>
<li>Pour into the cup the same amount of milk as you have just drunk of the mixture.</li>
<li>Drink the whole cup of liquid.</li>
<li>Have you had more milk or more coffee? How much of each have you had?</li>
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<tr valign="top"> <td width="25"><img alt="A" border="0" height="21" src="http://school.discoveryeducation.com/brainboosters/gallery/brb_a_9f6.gif" width="21" /></td> <td width="313"><div style="text-align: justify;">You have had the same amount of milk as you have had coffee. The cup originally held a cup of coffee (one-sixth plus one-third plus one-half), and you have poured in the same amount of milk.</div><br />
STRATEGY: Draw a picture<br />
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;"> <a href="http://school.discoveryeducation.com/brainboosters/numberplay/CoffeeBreak.html"> http://school.discoveryeducation.com/brainboosters/numberplay/CoffeeBreak.html</a> </span><br />
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</div>Bambang Puryantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11561929982352308329noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4883520132502124.post-63380285465142469382011-06-11T13:49:00.000-07:002011-06-14T17:13:22.708-07:00COFFEE FOR BRAIN 2<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><h1><a href="http://miraculummundi.blogspot.com/2011/06/coffee-for-brain-2.html">COFFEE FOR BRAIN 2</a></h1><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.kabadabra.com/images/coffee-vs-tea.jpg"><img alt="http://www.kabadabra.com/images/coffee-vs-tea.jpg" height="640" src="http://www.kabadabra.com/images/coffee-vs-tea.jpg" width="174" /></a></div><h1 class="title" style="font-weight: normal; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Coffee vs Tea – Which is Best?!</span></h1><br />
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><div align="justify" class="infuse">Coffee improves short-term memory and speeds up reaction times by acting on the brain's prefrontal cortex, according to a new study.</div><div align="justify" class="infuse"><br />
</div><div align="justify" class="infuse">Researchers used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to determine how coffee activates different areas of the brain in 15 volunteers. </div><div align="justify" class="infuse"><br />
</div><div align="justify" class="infuse">"Caffeine modulates a higher brain function through its effects on distinct areas of the brain," explains Florian Koppelstätter, who carried out the research with colleagues at the Medical University at Innsbruck, Austria.</div><div align="justify" class="infuse"><br />
</div><div align="justify" class="infuse">Prior to testing, the group fasted for 4 to 6 hours, and abstained from caffeine and nicotine for at least 24 hours. Then they were then given either a cup of strong coffee - containing 100 milligrams of caffeine - or a caffeine-free placebo drink. After 20 minutes all participants underwent fMRI scans while carrying out a memory and concentration test. A few days afterwards the experiment was repeated under the same conditions but each received the other drink.</div><h3 align="justify" class="crosshead">Executive memory</h3><div align="justify" class="infuse">During the memory tests, participants were shown a fast sequence of capital letters, then flashed a single letter on a screen and told to decide quickly whether this letter was the same as the one which appeared second-to-last in the earlier sequence. They had to respond by pressing a "Y" for yes or "N" for no.</div><div align="justify" class="infuse"><br />
</div><div align="justify" class="infuse">"The group all showed activation of the working memory part of the brain," Koppelstätter explains. "But those who received caffeine had significantly greater activation in parts of the prefrontal lobe, known as the anterior cingulate and the anterior cingulate gyrus. These areas are involved in 'executive memory', attention, concentration, planning and monitoring." </div><div align="justify" class="infuse">"This type of memory is used when, for example, you look up a telephone number in a book and then mentally store it before dialling," he adds.</div><h3 align="justify" class="crosshead">Pick-me-up</h3><div align="justify" class="infuse">Koppelstätter stresses that the study is preliminary and that he has yet to discover how long the memory effects last or what other effects coffee has on brain function. He adds that the long-term impact of caffeine use is also an important consideration.</div><div align="justify" class="infuse">But he says the study shows that coffee has an effect on specific brain regions involved in memory and concentration that tallies with anecdotal evidence of the drink's "pick-me-up" effect.</div><div align="justify" class="infuse"><br />
</div><div align="justify" class="infuse">Caffeine is known to influence adenosine receptors which are found throughout the brain on nerve cells and blood vessels. It is thought that the drug inhibits these receptors and that this excites the nerve cells in the brain. "This may be the mechanism involved," suggests Koppelstätter.</div><div align="justify" class="infuse">The research was presented at the annual meeting of the Radiological Society of North America. </div><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><div align="justify"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"> <a href="http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn8401-coffees-effects-revealed-in-brain-scans.html"> http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn8401-coffees-effects-revealed-in-brain-scans.html</a></span></div><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><h1>How Coffee and Sugar Boost Brain Power</h1><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><div align="justify">If you thought that your morning coffee helped boost your performance in the morning, you were right! So long as you either take sugar in your coffee or you have a sugary snack with it, it truly does give you more brain power.<br />
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In a study published in Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental, researchers found that taken together, caffeine and sugar have a synergistic effect on each other, meaning that it is this enhanced effect on each other (rather than taking either alone) that can help in the areas of attention span and verbal memory.<br />
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Researcher Dr J. Serra Grabulosa said: "The two substances improve cognitive performance by increasing the efficiency of the two areas of the brain responsible for sustained attention and working memory. The brain is more efficient under the combined effect of the two substances, since it needs fewer resources to produce the same level of performance than when volunteers took only caffeine, glucose or water."<br />
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Coffee is traditionally considered a 'wake me up' and most of us feel we can't even begin to start the day without it. Now that we know it has more than just the caffeine effect or at least that effect combined with glucose means our brains work more efficiently at attention and memory tasks, we can enjoy our coffee guilt free!</div><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><div align="justify"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"> <a href="http://www.environmentalgraffiti.com/news-take-sugar-your-coffee-and-boost-your-brain-power"> http://www.environmentalgraffiti.com/news-take-sugar-your-coffee-and-boost-your-brain-power</a></span></div><div align="justify"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20521321"> http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20521321</a></span></div><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><h1>Spoonful of brain power: Drinking coffee with sugar boosts memory and attention span</h1><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><div align="justify">A cup of coffee is what millions of us rely on to kick-start the day.</div><div align="justify">But new research shows that morning pick-me-up has a much more potent effect on the brain if it is taken with sugar.</div><div align="justify">Scientists at the University of Barcelona in Spain found taking caffeine and sugar at the same time boosted the brain’s performance more than taking them on their own.</div><div align="justify">Researchers now believe each one boosts the effect of the other on brain functions such as attention span and working memory.</div><div align="justify"><br />
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;" width="468"><div align="center"><img alt="Morning pick-me-up: Scientists found taking caffeine and sugar at the same time boosted the brain's performance more than taking them on their own" class="blkBorder" height="396" src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2010/11/26/article-1333202-016452DC0000044D-154_468x396.jpg" width="468" /></div><div align="justify" class="imageCaption"><b>Morning pick-me-up: Scientists found taking caffeine and sugar at the same time boosted the brain's performance more than taking them on their own</b></div></td> </tr>
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</div><div align="justify">The findings come from brain scans carried out on 40 volunteers who were tested after they had coffee with sugar, coffee without sugar, sugar on its own or just plain water.</div><div align="justify">The results, published in the journal Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental, suggest sugar-sweetened coffee may be the best way to prepare the brain for a busy day ahead.</div><div align="justify">But it’s likely that coffee lovers who do not take sugar will get the same benefits from enjoying a sugary snack with their drink.</div>According to the British Coffee Association, UK consumers drink approximately 70million cups of coffee a day. More than half add sugar.<br />
It is well known that caffeine is a stimulant which works on the brain and can combat drowsiness and fatigue.<br />
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Previous studies have even suggested three cups of a coffee a day can significantly reduce the risk of Alzheimer’s disease, possibly by triggering a chain reaction in the brain that prevents the damage done by the disease.<br />
It’s also well known that glucose, a type of sugar, is the main fuel which brain cells need to function properly.<br />
<div align="center" style="color: #33cccc;" width="468"><h2 align="justify">Researchers believe coffee and sugar boosts the effect of the other on brain functions</h2></div><div align="justify">But the latest research indicates the two complement each other when it comes to bolstering the brain’s performance.</div><div align="justify">Researchers performed MRI scans on patients’ brains as they carried out a standard task designed to check their attention span and working memory.</div><div align="justify">The tests were performed after they had consumed each of the drinks.</div><div align="justify">Results showed that when the volunteers drank coffee with sugar there was reduced activity in the bilateral parietal cortex and the left prefrontal cortex - the two parts of the brain responsible for attention and memory.</div><div align="justify">But while activity levels dropped, the brain’s performance did not.</div><div align="justify">Researchers said this shows the brain operates more efficiently when it has had a caffeine and sugar boost.</div><div align="justify">‘The two substances improve cognitive performance by increasing the efficiency of the two areas of the brain responsible for sustained attention and working memory,’ said researcher Dr Josep Serra Grabulosa.</div><div align="justify">‘The brain is more efficient under the combined effect of the two substances, since it needs fewer resources to produce the same level of performance than when volunteers took only caffeine, glucose or water.'</div><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><div align="justify"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"> <a href="http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-1333202/Drinking-coffee-sugar-boosts-brain-performance.html"> http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-1333202/Drinking-coffee-sugar-boosts-brain-performance.html</a></span></div><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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</div>Bambang Puryantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11561929982352308329noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4883520132502124.post-85983439839505557342011-06-11T13:12:00.001-07:002011-06-14T16:59:50.913-07:00COFFEE FOR BRAIN 1<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><h1><a href="http://miraculummundi.blogspot.com/2011/06/coffee-for-brain.html">COFFEE FOR BRAIN 1</a></h1><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOFvKbT-SlXZgRhVdZmNo7yXEOvp95szbBoot7gbZzbGrjx9EJ6KRPzhDF8LcDI7jtS1E07mhRRTM-3i1QwU2u5Efatqu7byCgrNfJa3CCfHzZh0WifdAO-xTOdIzRbaN6BKFtxLjkHHQ/s1600/brain+3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="317" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOFvKbT-SlXZgRhVdZmNo7yXEOvp95szbBoot7gbZzbGrjx9EJ6KRPzhDF8LcDI7jtS1E07mhRRTM-3i1QwU2u5Efatqu7byCgrNfJa3CCfHzZh0WifdAO-xTOdIzRbaN6BKFtxLjkHHQ/s400/brain+3.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br />
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/86/Effects_of_moderate_caffeine_consumption.svg"><img alt="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Effects_of_moderate_caffeine_consumption.svg/1000px-Effects_of_moderate_caffeine_consumption.svg.png" height="371" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Effects_of_moderate_caffeine_consumption.svg/1000px-Effects_of_moderate_caffeine_consumption.svg.png" width="400" /></a></div><br />
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;" width="990"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5wf6DxLaayzj4prsei3Ye7OIAelVSaNgRWAUsmdIE6dJYEZQPoXGFoEChonjG952C4BzqZTw59jAx9UOAhULi7Xy8vDT3rqanV6rSC6FN1YP76CUQ9p2DfxfmfGppL0ZJxWAGqH0PBx0/s1600/Coffee-Boosts-Brain-.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="333" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5wf6DxLaayzj4prsei3Ye7OIAelVSaNgRWAUsmdIE6dJYEZQPoXGFoEChonjG952C4BzqZTw59jAx9UOAhULi7Xy8vDT3rqanV6rSC6FN1YP76CUQ9p2DfxfmfGppL0ZJxWAGqH0PBx0/s400/Coffee-Boosts-Brain-.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"> <b>Coffee Boosts Brain Power Among Women</b></div><div style="text-align: justify;">A cup of coffee can help boost a woman's brain power and enhances their performance in stressful or high-pressure situations, says a study done by psychologists at Bristol University in the U.K. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><a href="http://www.emtdelhi.com/news/newsdetail.aspx?value1=7"> <span style="font-size: xx-small;">http://www.emtdelhi.com/news/newsdetail.aspx?value1=7</span></a> </td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><h1>Daily caffeine 'protects brain' </h1><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><div><img alt="Coffee" border="0" height="170" hspace="0" src="http://newsimg.bbc.co.uk/media/images/44533000/jpg/_44533808_coffee226.jpg" vspace="0" width="226" /> <br />
<div class="cap">The easy way to neutralise cholesterol?</div></div></td> </tr>
</tbody></table><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>Coffee may cut the risk of dementia by blocking the damage cholesterol can inflict on the body, research suggests.</b></div><div class="first"></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">The drink has already been linked to a lower risk of Alzheimer's Disease, and a study by a US team for the Journal of Neuroinflammation may explain why. </div><div></div><div style="text-align: justify;">A vital barrier between the brain and the main blood supply of rabbits fed a fat-rich diet was protected in those given a caffeine supplement. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div style="text-align: justify;">UK experts said it was the "best evidence yet" of coffee's benefits. </div><br />
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<div style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"> <b>Caffeine is a safe and readily available drug and its ability to stabilise the blood brain barrier means it could have an important part to play in therapies against neurological disorders</b></span></div><span style="font-size: small;"><img align="right" alt="" border="0" height="13" src="http://newsimg.bbc.co.uk/nol/shared/img/v3/end_quote_rb.gif" vspace="0" width="23" /></span><br />
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</div></div><div class="mva"><div><span style="font-size: x-small;">Dr Jonathan Geiger</span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;">University of North Dakota</span></div></div></td> </tr>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">The "blood brain barrier" is a filter which protects the central nervous system from potentially harmful chemicals carried around in the rest of the bloodstream. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Other studies have shown that high levels of cholesterol in the blood can make this barrier "leaky". </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Alzheimer's researchers suggest this makes the brain vulnerable to damage which can trigger or contribute to the condition. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">The University of North Dakota study used the equivalent to just one daily cup of coffee in their experiments on rabbits. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">After 12 weeks of a high-cholesterol diet, the blood brain barrier in those given caffeine was far more intact than in those given no caffeine. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><b>'Safe drug'</b> <br />
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</div><div style="text-align: justify;">"Caffeine appears to block several of the disruptive effects of cholesterol that make the blood-brain barrier leaky," said Dr Jonathan Geiger, who led the study. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">"High levels of cholesterol are a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease, perhaps by compromising the protective nature of the blood brain barrier. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">"Caffeine is a safe and readily available drug and its ability to stabilise the blood brain barrier means it could have an important part to play in therapies against neurological disorders." </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">A spokesman for the Alzheimer's Society said that the barrier seemed to work less efficiently in people who went on to develop Alzheimer's or suffer strokes, and the cholesterol link might explain this. </div><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">"This is the best evidence yet that caffeine equivalent to one cup of coffee a day can help protect the brain against cholesterol. </div><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">"In addition to its effect on the vascular system, elevated cholesterol levels also cause problems with the blood brain barrier." </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">She called for more research into whether the same effect could be seen in humans. </div><div align="justify"><br />
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</div>Bambang Puryantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11561929982352308329noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4883520132502124.post-52348050378502789762011-06-10T03:29:00.000-07:002011-06-11T04:39:36.327-07:00CHOLESTEROL 2<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><h1><a href="http://miraculummundi.blogspot.com/2011/06/cholesterol-2.html">CHOLESTEROL 2</a></h1><br />
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><h2 class="art-postheader"><img alt="" height="22" src="http://www.plusonelife.com/wp-content/themes/baby_care/images/postheadericon.png" width="22" /> Cholesterol Disease </h2><div align="justify"><br />
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<div style="text-align: justify;">Cholesterol is actually one component of fat. As we know, fat is one of the nutrients that are needed by our bodies in addition to other nutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins and minerals.</div><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">Fat is one energy source that provides the highest calories. Besides, as one source of energy, actually fat or cholesterol in particular is a substance that is needed by our bodies, especially to form the walls of cells in the body. Cholesterol is also the base material forming the steroid hormones. But when excess cholesterol in the body will be buried within the walls of blood vessels and cause a condition called atherosclerosis is the narrowing or hardening of blood vessels. This condition is a precursor of heart disease and stroke.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Cholesterol we need it, normally produced by the body in the right amount. But he could be increased in number due to external food derived from animal fats, eggs and so-called junk foods.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><i><b>What happens in the body? </b></i><br />
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<div style="text-align: justify;">The elements consist of fats in the blood cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids and free fatty acids. Only a quarter of the cholesterol contained in the blood comes directly from the digestive tract is absorbed from food, the rest is produced by the body’s own liver cells.</div><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">Fats found in foods will be broken down into cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids and free fatty acids when digested in the gut. The four elements of this fat will be absorbed from the intestine and enter the blood. Cholesterol and other fats element does not dissolve in blood. To be transported in the bloodstream, cholesterol along with other fats (triglycerides and phospholipids) must bind to proteins to form an insoluble compound and called lipoprotein.</div><div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Chylomicrons is liprotein transporting fat into the liver. In the liver, fat ties will be outlined, forming the four elements of the fat, and fatty acids that form will be used as an energy source or if the amount of excess will be stored in fatty tissue. When cholesterol intake is inadequate, the liver cells will produce it. From the liver, cholesterol is transported by a lipoprotein called LDL (Low Density Lipoprotein) to be brought into the body cells that require including the heart muscle cells, brain and others in order to function properly.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Excess cholesterol will be transported back by lipoproteins called HDL (High Density Lipoprotein) to take precautionary and it will be described and then dumped into the gall bladder as an acid (liquid) bile.</div><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">LDL contains more fat than LDL so that it will float on in the development of blood. The main proteins that form of LDL is apo-B (apolipoprotein-B). LDL is considered as the fats are “bad” cholesterol because it can cause sticking in the walls of blood vessels. Conversely HDL-called good fats because in operation it clear excess cholesterol from blood vessel walls to transport it back to the liver. The main proteins that form of HDL is Apo-A (apolipoprotein). HDL has less fat content and have high density or heavier.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><i><b>How does cholesterol cause blockages in blood vessels?<br />
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<div style="text-align: justify;">Excessive cholesterol in the blood will be easily attached to the inner wall of blood vessels. Furthermore, LDL will penetrate the walls of blood vessels through endothelial cell layers, into the lining of blood vessel walls more in the intima. The smaller size of LDL or the higher density of LDL, the easier it is to infiltrate into the Iintima. LDL so-called small dense LDL.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">LDL that had infiltrated into the intima will oxidize the first phase to form the oxidized LDL. -oxidized LDL will spur the formation of substances that can attach and attract monocytes (a type of white blood cells) through endothelial layer and into the intima in addition to LDL-oxidation also produces substances that can change the monocytes that had entered into the intima into macrophages.</div><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">Meanwhile-oxidized LDL oxidation second stage will have to be perfect oxidized LDL that can convert macrophages into foam cells. Foam cells are formed will bind together to form lumps that grew so great that form lumps that cause narrowing of the lumen of blood vessels</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">This situation will worsen because oxidized LDL perfect will also stimulates the muscle cells lining blood vessels in the deeper (the media) to enter the intima layer and then will split apart so that an increasing number of self.</div><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">The above description shows that the occurrence of blockages in blood vessels is not as easy as we imagine. High cholesterol levels need to watch out because it is a precursor process of blood vessel blockage, especially if the LDL cholesterol level is elevated, which we know as fat “evil”. If we see the formation mechanism of blockage of blood vessels above, LDL more dangerous when having a small size with high density or what is known as small-dense LDL.</div></div><div align="justify"><br />
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><div align="justify"><a href="http://www.plusonelife.com/tag/phospholipids"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"> http://www.plusonelife.com/tag/phospholipids</span></a></div><div align="justify"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"> <a href="http://www.plusonelife.com/tag/cholesterol-disease"> http://www.plusonelife.com/tag/cholesterol-disease</a> </span></div><div align="justify"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"> <a href="http://www.webgreenhealthy.com/2011/02/about-cholesterol.html"> http://www.webgreenhealthy.com/2011/02/about-cholesterol.html</a></span></div><div align="justify"></div><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"> <h1><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">Cara Cepat Turunkan KOLESTEROL</span></h1><div align="justify"><br />
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"> <span style="color: black;"><center> </center> <div align="center"> <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"><i>Jangan salah, wanita muda dan kurus juga bisa kelebihan kolesterol.</i> </span> <div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div align="left"><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;"><i> <span style="color: black; font-family: Garamond-Italic;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-large;">N</span><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;">ational Cholesterol Education Programme </span></span></i> <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">adalah program kampanye peduli kolesterol yang dijalankan oleh </span></span><i> <span style="color: black; font-family: Garamond-Italic;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;">National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute </span></span></i> <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">di Amerika Serikat sejak 1985. Program ini memberikan tip menjalani pola hidup sehat yang diyakini dapat menurunkan kolesterol:</span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span></span></span></div><div> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> <span style="color: #b333b3; font-family: ZapfDingbatsITC;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">* </span></span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><b> <span style="color: black; font-family: Garamond-Bold;"> Mengurangi asupan lemak jenuh dan kolesterol</span></b></span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">. Kalau Anda penyuka gorengan dan jeroan, mulai saat ini kurangi. Makanan berlemak tinggi juga dapat meningkatkan kadar kolesterol karena gumpalan lemaknya (</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"><i><span style="color: black; font-family: Garamond-Italic;">fatty streak</span></i></span><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">).</span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> <span style="color: #b333b3; font-family: ZapfDingbatsITC;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">* </span></span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><b> <span style="color: black; font-family: Garamond-Bold;"> Mengurangi berat badan. </span></b></span></span> <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">Wanita dengan berat badan berlebih memiliki kandungan trigliserida (semacam lemak) tinggi, sementara kadar HDL (kolesterol baik) cenderung rendah.</span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> <span style="color: #b333b3; font-family: ZapfDingbatsITC;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">* </span></span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><b> <span style="color: black; font-family: Garamond-Bold;"> Meningkatkan aktivitas fisik</span></b></span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">. Penelitian menunjukkan aktivitas fisik yang dilakukan secara teratur mampu mengurangi risiko terkena penyakit jantung sebanyak 50%, menurunkan tekanan darah, menurunkan kadar kolesterol total dan meningkatkan kadar HDL (kolesterol baik) yang membantu menyingkirkan LDL (kolesterol jahat) dari arteri Anda.</span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> <span style="color: #b333b3; font-family: ZapfDingbatsITC;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">* </span></span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><b> <span style="color: black; font-family: Garamond-Bold;"> Menjaga tekanan darah</span> </b></span></span> <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">. Idealnya 120/80. Tekanan darah yang tinggi menandakan terjadinya kolesterol yang bertumpuk di lapisan dalam arteri.</span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> <span style="color: #b333b3; font-family: ZapfDingbatsITC;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">* </span></span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><b> <span style="color: black; font-family: Garamond-Bold;"> Berhenti merokok</span></b> </span></span> <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">. Rokok dapat mendorong pembentukan penumpukan lemak pada dinding arteri (</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"><i><span style="color: black; font-family: Garamond-Italic;">atherosclerosis) </span></i></span> <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">dan mempersempit arteri serta menyumbat aliran darah.</span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> <span style="color: #b333b3; font-family: ZapfDingbatsITC;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">* </span></span><b> <span style="color: black; font-family: Garamond-Bold;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">Menurunkan kadar kolesterol jahat (LDL)</span></span></b></span><b><span style="color: black; font-family: Garamond-Bold;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> dengan mengonsumsi fitosterol </span></span></b> <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">(dapat diperoleh dari sayuran, buah-buahan, kacang-kacangan dan gandum). Fitosterol juga dapat diperoleh dari suplemen berupasusu bubuk yang diperkaya dengan Acticol. Fitosterol dapat membantu menurunkan kadar kolesterol dengan cara menghambat penyerapan kolesterol di usus sehingga membantu menurunkan jumlah kolesterol yang memasuki aliran darah.</span> </span></span></div><div> <span style="color: black; font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;"><b> <span style="color: black; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;">Santi</span></span></b></span></div><div align="right" style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Bold; font-style: italic;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">Sumber:</span></span></div><div align="right" style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;"><b> <span style="color: black; font-family: Frutiger-Bold; font-style: italic;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;">DR. dr. Saptawati Bardosono, M.Sc.,</span></span></b></span><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> </span></div><div align="right" style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Bold; font-style: italic;"> <span style="font-size: xx-small;">dalam<b> </b></span></span><i> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Italic;"> <span style="font-size: xx-small;">media gathering Nesvita ProHeart Cholesterol</span></span></i></span><i><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Italic;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;"> Control.</span></span></i></span></div><div align="center"> <span style="color: black; font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;"><b> <span style="color: #ff6600; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: medium;"> </span></span></b></span></div><div align="center"><span style="color: black; font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;"><b><span style="color: #ff6600; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: medium;">JENIS KOLESTEROL</span></span></b></span><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> </span></div><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">K</span></span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;">olesterol</span> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"> adalah sejenis molekul lemak yang ditemukan dalam aliran darah dan sel tubuh. Kolesterol diproduksi oleh hati dan dibutuhkan untuk proses metabolisme tubuh, seperti membantu pembentukan sel baru dan hormon. Namun, kelebihan kolesterol dapat mengakibatkan penumpukan lemak dalam darah yang akihirnya menyumbat pembuluh darah. Kadar kolesterol yang terlalu tinggi dalam darah disebut hiperkolesterolemia. Akibatnya jantung dan otak akan kekurangan pasokan darah, risiko serangan jantung dan stroke pun muncullah. </span></span></span></div><div> </div><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">Kolesterol ada yang baik dan ada yang jahat. Kolesterol baik disebut </span></span><i> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Italic;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">Highdensity lipoproteins </span></span> </i> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">(HDL). Namun bila orang awam hanya menyebut kolesterol, itu artinya kolesterol dengan kadar total tinggi. </span></span></span></div><div align="left"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Mari kita mengenal jenis-jenis kolesterol:</span></span></span></div><div align="left"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span></span></span> <br />
<div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> <span style="color: #ff8080; font-family: ZapfDingbatsITC;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">* </span></span><i> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Italic;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">Low-density lipoproteins </span></span> </i> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">(LDL), dikenal sebagai kolesterol jahat. LDL mengandung 75% kolesterol dan hanya sedikit protein. LDL berperan untuk mengalirkan kolesterol ke seluruh tubuh. Kelebihan LDL dapat menyebabkan penumpukan lemak di dinding arteri.</span></span></span></div><div> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> <span style="color: #ff8080; font-family: ZapfDingbatsITC;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">* </span></span><i> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Italic;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">High-density lipoproteins </span></span> </i> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">(HDL), dikenal sebagai kolesterol baik. HDL mengandung banyak protein dan mengalirkan 20% hingga 30% kolesterol ke seluruh tubuh. HDL berperan untuk membuang kelebihan kolesterol dari sel dan dinding arteri serta membawa kolesterol kembali ke hati untuk dibuang.</span> </span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> <span style="color: #ff8080; font-family: ZapfDingbatsITC;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">* </span></span><i> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Italic;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">Tryglicerides</span> </span></i> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">, berperan dalam penyimpanan lemak dan berpengaruh dalam pembentukan lipoprotein kaya kolesterol yang menyebabkan kolesterol tinggi serta meningkatkan pembentukan gumpalan darah.</span></span></span></div><div><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span></span></span></div><div align="center"> <b> <span style="color: #ff66b3; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: medium;">KADAR KOLESTEROL DALAM DARAH</span><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> </span> </span></b></div><div> <table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="table6" style="border-collapse: collapse;"><tbody>
<tr> <td width="33%"> </td> <td align="center" width="25%"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;">Normal</span></td> <td align="center" width="22%"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;">Ambang Normal</span><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> </span> </td> <td align="center" width="54%"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;">Tinggi</span></td> </tr>
<tr> <td width="33%"> <div> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Roman;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;">LDL Kolesterol (mg/dL)</span></span></div><div> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Roman;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;">HDL Kolesterol (mg/dL)</span></span></div><div> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Roman;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;">Trigliserida (mg/dL)</span></span></div><div> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Roman;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;">Total Kolesterol (mg/dL)</span></span></div></td> <td width="25%"> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Roman;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;">< 130</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> </span> <div> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Roman;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;">> 45</span></span></div><div> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Roman;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;">< 200</span></span></div><div> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Roman;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;">< 200</span></span></div></td> <td width="22%"> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Roman;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;">130-159</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> </span> <div> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Roman;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;">35-45</span></span></div><div> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Roman;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;">200-399</span></span></div><div> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Roman;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;">200-239</span></span></div></td> <td width="54%"> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Roman;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;">≥160</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS;"> </span> <div> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Roman;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;">< 35</span></span></div><div> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Roman;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;">≥400</span></span></div><div> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Roman;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;">≥240</span></span></div></td> </tr>
</tbody></table></div><div> <span style="color: black; font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;"><i> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Italic;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;">Sumber: PERKENI (Persatuan Endokrinologi Indonesia), 1995</span></span></i></span></div><div align="center"> <span style="color: black; font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;"><b> <span style="color: #ff9900; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: medium;"> </span></b></span></div><div align="center"><span style="color: black; font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;"><b><span style="color: #ff9900; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: medium;">FAKTA (MENGEJUTKAN) TENTANG KOLESTEROL</span></b></span></div><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> <span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"> Menurut perkiraan </span></span> <span style="font-size: small;"><i> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Italic;"> World Health Report </span></i> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"> 2001, 29% kematian di Asia Tenggara disebabkan penyakit kardiovaskular (</span><i><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Italic;"> cardiovascular disease</span></i><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;">/CVD). Indonesia termasuk negara yang diteliti, menunjukkan 200 dari 100.000 penduduknya meninggal karena CVD. Salah satu penyebab CVD adalah kolesterol tinggi.</span> </span></span> </div><div> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: small;"> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"> </span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: small;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;">Kolesterol tinggi juga disebut sebagai pembunuh yang datang secara diamdiam (</span><i><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Italic;">silent killer</span></i> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"> ) karena penumpukan kolesterol terjadi secara tidak kasat mata. Hal ini mengakibatkan orang tidak langsung punya keluhan akibat kolesterol tinggi. </span></span></div><div> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> </span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS;">Persepsi bahwa “kolesterol tinggi tidak akan menyerang orang seperti saya” membuat kebanyakan orang merasa bahwa masalah kolesterol bukan hal yang mendesak. Berikut beberapa mitos tentang kolesterol yang perlu diluruskan:</span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> </span></span></div><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">Mitos: </span></span> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">Orang kurus tidak perlu khawatir akan terkena kolesterol tinggi. </span></span></span></div><div> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">Fakta: </span></span> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">Orang bertubuh kurus pun berisiko terkena kolesterol tinggi. Banyak orang yang tidak gampang gemuk, walau mengonsumsi banyak makanan. Hal tersebut membuat mereka tidak menyadari kandungan lemak yang terdapat dalam makanan yang mereka konsumsi. Sehingga mereka memakan apa pun tanpa memerhatikan kandungan lemaknya.</span> </span></span></div><div> <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Mitos: </span></span> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">Kolesterol tinggi hanya menyerang orang tua.</span></span></span></div><div> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">Fakta: </span></span><span style="font-size: x-small;"> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"> Pola makan yang tidak seimbang, kurang berolahraga, dan merokok adalah gaya hidup kaum muda sekarang. Hal tersebut memicu tingginya kadar kolesterol dalam darah. Bahkan anak-anak memiliki risiko kolesterol tinggi, terutama mereka yang tumbuh dalam pola makan yang tidak sehat dan berasal dari keluarga yang memiliki riwayat kolesterol tinggi. </span><i> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Italic;"> National Cholesterol Education Programme </span></i> </span> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">menganjurkan semua orang yang berusia di atas 20 untuk mengecek kadar kolesterol secara rutin.</span></span></span></div></div><div> <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Mitos: </span></span> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">“Saya wanita jadi saya tidak perlu khawatir. Kolesterol hanya masalah kaum pria.”</span></span> </span></div><div> </div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">Fakta: </span></span> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">Sebelum menopause, wanita terlindungi dari LDL atau kolesterol jahat karena hormon estrogen pada wanita cenderung meningkatkan kadar HDL atau kolesterol baik. Tetapi ketika memasuki masa menopause, kadar estrogen dalam tubuh mulai menurun dengan drastis dan menyebabkan kadar LDL meningkat sementara HDL menurun. Namun, gaya hidup dengan asupan lemak tinggi, kurang berolahraga, dan merokok juga membuat wanita berusia muda berisiko terkena kolesterol.</span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span></span> </span></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">Mitos: </span></span> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">“Saya tidak merasa sakit, jadi saya baik-baik saja.”</span></span></span></div><div> </div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">Fakta: </span></span><span style="font-size: x-small;"> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"> Kolesterol tinggi dikenal juga dengan </span><i> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Italic;"> silent killer </span></i></span> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">karena tidak memiliki gejala tertentu dan hanya dapat diketahui dengan pemeriksaan ke dokter. Oleh karena itu, banyak orang tidak menyadari jika dirinya sudah terkena kolesterol tinggi sampai ia mengalami serangan jantung atau stroke.</span> </span></span></div></div><div> <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span></span></span></div><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Mitos: </span></span> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">Kolesterol tinggi adalah penyakit orang kaya.</span></span></span><br />
<div> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">Fakta: </span></span> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">Kolesterol tinggi menyerang siapa saja, tidak peduli status ekonominya. Pada dasarnya semua orang memiliki kolesterol dalam tubuhnya. Orang miskin pun dapat terkena kolesterol tinggi jika asupan makannya tidak sehat, seperti mengonsumsi banyak gorengan dimana minyak yang digunakan mengandung lemak jenuh tinggi.</span></span></span></div></div><div> <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> </span></div><div> <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> </span></div><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;"> <center> <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: large;"><b> MAKANAN SEDAP MINUS KOLESTEROL</b></span></center></span></span><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;"> </span> <span style="color: black; font-size: x-small;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-large;">S</span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;">up buntut, iga bakar, babat gongso, hmm...siapa yang tidak <i> ngiler </i>mendengar bermacam jenis makanan itu. Tapi kalau ingat umur, wah, sudah tak berani menyentuhnya. "Kolesterol," begitu mungkin komentar Anda. Benarkah makanan-makanan sedap di atas harus dijauhi? "Dibatasi konsumsinya iya, tapi ada kok cara masak dan bumbu-bumbu tertentu yang bisa menghambat perubahan lemak tak jenuh menjadi lemak jenuh," kata <b>Wied Harry</b>, Konsultan Gizi dan Masak Sehat Alami.</span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> </span></span></span></div><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Frutiger-Bold;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;"> <div> <span style="color: #2e60aa; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"><b> MENYIASATI LEMAK</b></span><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> </span> <div><div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"><span style="color: #f80080;"> *</span> Lemak tak jenuh bila dipanaskan pada suhu tertentu dapat berubah menjadi lemak jenuh. Tumpukan lemak jenuh ini bila dibiarkan terlalu pekat dalam tubuh dapat membentuk plak. Plak ini lama-kelamaan dapat membentuk sumbatan-sumbatan sehingga mengakibatkan gangguan seperti hipertensi, jantung, stroke dan yang terparah bisa berakibat kematian.</span><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> </span></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> <span style="color: #f80080;">*</span> Kunci mengolah masakan supaya menjadi makanan sehat sangat sederhana. Jangan takut menggunakan banyak bumbu. Namun yang dimaksud tentu saja bumbu-bumbu alami, minus penyedap, penguat rasa, bumbu instan dan sebagainya. Hampir semua bumbu alami mengandung zat-zat yang bisa saling melengkapi atau "menangkal" efek negatif dari bahan-bahan lainnya.</span><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> <span style="color: #f80080;">*</span> Khusus untuk kolesterol, yang terpenting bukan menghilangkan lemak sama sekali dari menu sehari-hari, sebab bagaimanapun lemak tetap dibutuhkan tubuh.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> </span></div><div align="center"> <span style="color: #019170; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: medium;"> BUMBU & BAHAN ANTI LEMAK JENUH</span></div><div> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> <span style="color: #019170;">*</span> <b> <span style="color: #fe312e;">Bumbu kari</span></b></span><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> </span> <div><div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> Rempah-rempah yang terdapat dalam bumbu kari sangat bermanfaat untuk menghambat pembentukan lemak jenuh. Sejak zaman dulu ketumbar, jahe, jintan yang dicampurkan dipercaya bermanfaat untuk kesehatan.</span><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> </span></div><div> <span style="color: #019170; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> *</span><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> <b><span style="color: #fe312e;">Bawang</span></b></span><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> </span> <div><div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;">Di dalam bawang terdapat senyawa yang dapat menghambat penggumpalan darah yaitu zat yang disebut <i>ajone</i>. Penelitian yang ada menyebutkan bahwa bawang dapat menurunkan kolesterol hingga 14% dan meningkatkan HDL (<i>high density lipoprotein</i>) sebanyak 40% bila dikonsumsi teratur minimal selama 6 bulan.</span><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> </span></div><div> <span style="color: #019170; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> *</span><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> <b><span style="color: #fe312e;"> Cabai</span></b></span><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> </span> <div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> Makanan pedas yang mengandung cabai dipercaya bisa menyembuhkan beragam penyakit, misalnya flu ringan. Di dalam cabai terdapat zat yang disebut <i>capcaisin</i> yang dapat membantu membuka pembuluh darah sehingga menghambat penyumbatan, termasuk yang disebabkan oleh lemak jenuh.</span></div><div> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> <span style="color: #019170;">*</span> <b> <span style="color: #fe312e;"> Santan</span></b></span><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> </span> <div><div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> Selama ini santan ikut dituding sebagai penyebab kolesterol. Padahal di dalam santan sebenarnya terdapat lemak baik yang dibutuhkan oleh tubuh. Cara pengolahan yang salahlah yang menyebabkannya menjadi lemak jenuh.</span><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> </span></div><div> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> <span style="color: #019170;"> *</span> <b> <span style="color: #fe312e;"> Minyak goreng</span></b></span><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> </span> <div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> Tak semua minyak goreng jahat. Minyak kelapa alami atau yang sering disebut VCO (<i>virgin coconut oil</i>) hanya butuh suhu sekitar 60<sup>0</sup>C saat dipanaskan. Dengan suhu tersebut, dalam VCO masih lebih dominan lemak baiknya. Bandingkan dengan minyak goreng biasa yang butuh suhu sampai 120<sup>0</sup>C untuk pemanasan. Sebagai catatan, makin tinggi suhu yang dibutuhkan suatu jenis minyak untuk menjadi panas, maka makin potensial perubahannya menjadi lemak jenuh.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> </span></div><div align="center"> <span style="color: #2e60aa; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: medium;"> CARA MEMASAK SEHAT</span></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> Selain bumbu/bahan masakan yang bisa menghambat pembentukan lemak menjadi lemak jenuh, cara masak pun sama pentingnya. Dengan cara masak yang benar, makanan yang disajikan akan lebih sehat. Berikut tip-tip cara mengolah makanan sehat yang disarankan <b> Melinasari, M. Kes.</b>, dari Akademi Gizi Jakarta:</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> </span></div><div> <b> <span style="color: #2e60aa; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> Merebus</span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> </span> <div><div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> Rebus daging hingga empuk, diamkan beberapa saat kalau perlu masukkan kulkas. Tujuannya supaya lemak-lemaknya terangkat ke permukaan. Bisanya akan terlihat langit-langit yang menutup permukaan, segera angkat dan buang. Setelah rebusan daging terbebas dari lemak yang mengambang, olah sesuai keinginan.</span><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> </span></div><div> <b><span style="color: #2e60aa; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;">Memanggang</span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> </span> <div><div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;">Meski ada kelebihan dan kekurangan masing-masing, prinsipnya memanggang lebih baik dari pada menggoreng. Gunakan wajan pemanggang yang tebal sehingga masakan tidak cepat gosong. Bedanya dengan membakar, memanggang masih menggunakan alat yang menghindarkan masakan bersentuhan langsung dengan api. Seperti diketahui makanan yang dibakar potensial karsinogenik (menyebabkan kanker).</span><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> </span></div><div> <b><span style="color: #2e60aa; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;">Menggunakan santan</span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> </span> <div><div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;">Santan masih tetap bisa digunakan dalam masakan selama mengolahnya benar, berikut cara mengolah santan yang disarankan Wied Harry:</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> </span></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"><span style="color: #f80080;">-</span> Didihkan air, setelah mendidih gunakan untuk memeras santan dan langsung dicampurkan dalam masakan. Cara ini bisa digunakan untuk membuat kolak/cendol misalnya.</span><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> </span> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="color: #f80080; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;">-</span><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> Gunakan santan encer yang diolah langsung dengan bahan makanan lainnya. Setelah matang, peras santan kental dengan menggunakan air matang. Cara ini bisa digunakan untuk membuat sayur lodeh, gulai dan sebagainya.</span> </div><div align="center"> <span style="color: #fe312e; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: medium;">KIAT ORANG DULU</span></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;">Kesadaran akan kolesterol sebenarnya baru muncul belakangan. Lantas bagaimana orang-orang zaman dahulu menyiasati hal ini? Dihubungi pada kesempatan terpisah, <b>Bondan Winarno</b>, pemerhati masakan tradisional, memberikan pendapatnya. Menurutnya, orang-orang zaman dahulu membatasi jumlah makanan yang dikonsumsinya. Umumnya mereka tidak makan dalam jumlah berlebihan dan aktivitas mereka lebih banyak karena terbatasnya sarana dan prasarana.</span><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> </span></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;">Kalaupun makan makanan yang potensial mengundang kolesterol jumlahnya sangat terbatas dan tidak setiap hari. Mereka lebih banyak menyantap makanan sehat seperti sayur dan buah. Pola makan seperti ini sudah sulit ditemui zaman sekarang. Selain makanan berlemak, <i>junk food</i> atau makanan siap saji menambah risiko menumpuknya kolesterol dalam tubuh.</span><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;"> </span></div><div> <b><span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: x-small;">Marfuah Panji Astuti. </span></b></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></span> </span></div></div></div></span> <div align="justify"><br />
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"> <div align="justify"> <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS; font-size: xx-small;"> <a href="http://www.mail-archive.com/milis-nakita@news.gramedia-majalah.com/msg07741.html"> http://www.mail-archive.com/milis-nakita@news.gramedia-majalah.com/msg07741.html</a></span></div><hr color="#FFFFCC" width="500" /></td> </tr>
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</div>Bambang Puryantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11561929982352308329noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4883520132502124.post-72817255592847262042011-06-09T17:57:00.000-07:002011-06-10T16:42:52.099-07:00CHOLESTEROL 1<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><h1><a href="http://miraculummundi.blogspot.com/2011/06/cholesterol.html">CHOLESTEROL 1</a></h1><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhO51X1fEAx-3snHGMPpzNKOf9kDQKKOZyRh4Nh99GIvnGg8c4t-AfAdTT56pxRRfLcMNQhCPXnhl0aVG9YOvDN2bc64DX9jmgBNttH_PjqSjNsinxeA5s4FUkrPt8GnKjNHaqmUVCAfcI/s1600/choles+contr.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="292" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhO51X1fEAx-3snHGMPpzNKOf9kDQKKOZyRh4Nh99GIvnGg8c4t-AfAdTT56pxRRfLcMNQhCPXnhl0aVG9YOvDN2bc64DX9jmgBNttH_PjqSjNsinxeA5s4FUkrPt8GnKjNHaqmUVCAfcI/s400/choles+contr.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br />
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<div style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.goodiebake.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/cholesterol.bmp"><img alt="http://www.goodiebake.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/cholesterol.bmp" height="400" src="http://www.goodiebake.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/cholesterol.bmp" width="266" /></a></div><br />
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<div style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://mengkudunoni.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/02/kolesterol.jpg"><img alt="http://mengkudunoni.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/02/kolesterol.jpg" height="282" src="http://mengkudunoni.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/02/kolesterol.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br />
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<div style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://[cholesterol+is+a+waxy,+fat-like+substance2.jpg]/"><img alt="[Cholesterol+is+a+waxy,+fat-like+substance2.jpg]" border="0" height="271" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNUeRYqDPl8aqJnBGoTcU_PqOXTc3qG5oIIHof9tOtDZu38Gd2ih173IK6oKu4DJOGt6-WXetYf84xFj5RiyTMNk-wEnklmZ3CXWejvM795QakHaRfbLeoLYQ8Met6S46Lz3Wzs3jccdc/s400/Cholesterol+is+a+waxy,%2Bfat-like%2Bsubstance2.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br />
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<div align="center"><table background="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEy2sReccgydABG9B8xcJLraLs6EZ5SCc8gPEZ44hiMMAjNahYM2OJOHW2Ze9uhRabod1bWRzeoMbVBFsY6BNstswXVmv8zl7G8RoV1K490UWkuT6y-ia6rFshqpB2xIaMfnYnkyg2qtI/s1600/batik2.png" bgcolor="#FFFFCC" border="0" id="table2"><tbody>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;" width="990"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.cholesterolcholestrol.com/cholesterol-metabolism.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="http://www.cholesterolcholestrol.com/cholesterol-metabolism.png" height="250" src="http://www.cholesterolcholestrol.com/cholesterol-metabolism.png" width="400" /></a> </div><h3 align="center">The role of chylomicrons and Lipoprotein lipase in cholesterol metabolism</h3><br />
<div align="justify">The fats that we eat are dissolved by bile salts (think soap for the GI tract) and form chylomicrons.</div><div align="justify">These chylomicrons are absorbed across the small intestine, into the lymphatic system, and later enter the blood stream through the thoracic duct.</div><div align="justify">Once in the blood stream, chylomicrons are processed by an enzyme found in the wall of the blood vessels, and on the cell membranes of fat and muscle cells called lipoprotein lipase.</div><div align="justify">Lipoprotein lipase removes some of the triglycerides from a chylomicron to form a chylomicron remnant. The liver absorbs these chylomicron remnants and processes them into VLDL particles and empty HDL particles. </div><div align="justify">VLDL cholesterol particles are converted into LDL by lipoprotein lipase or a protein called CETP. CETP can also directly convert chylomicrons into LDL and vice versa. </div><div align="justify">The empty HDL particles take cholesterol and lipids from the tissues to become mature HDL particles. </div><div align="justify">While LDL and VLDL lead to arterial disease, HDL is digested harmlessly. This removal of fat and cholesterol from tissues for degradation by the liver is one of the reasons that HDL is also known as good cholesterol. HDL particles carry cholesterol in a healthy direction, so to speak.</div><br />
<a href="http://www.cholesterolcholestrol.com/what-causes-high-cholesterol.html"> <span style="font-size: xx-small;"> http://www.cholesterolcholestrol.com/what-causes-high-cholesterol.html</span></a> </td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;" width="990"><h1>List of top 100 common foods with the highest cholesterol content.</h1><br />
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" id="table4" style="width: 445px;" summary="list of high cholesterol foods / high cholesterol food / high cholesterol diet"><tbody>
<tr> <th>Rank</th> <th>Cholesterol food sources</th> <th><b>Cholesterol content (mg/ 100 g edible food portion)</b></th> </tr>
<tr> <td>1</td> <td>Beef, variety meats and by-products, brain, cooked, simmered</td> <td align="right">3100.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>2</td> <td>Veal, variety meats and by-products, brain, cooked, braised</td> <td align="right">3100.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>3</td> <td>Beef, variety meats and by-products, brain, raw</td> <td align="right">3010.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>4</td> <td>Pork, fresh, variety meats and by-products, brain, cooked, braised</td> <td align="right">2552.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>5</td> <td>Lamb, variety meats and by-products, brain, cooked, pan-fried</td> <td align="right">2504.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>6</td> <td>Egg, yolk, dried</td> <td align="right">2335.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>7</td> <td>Pork, fresh, variety meats and by-products, brain, raw</td> <td align="right">2195.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>8</td> <td>Veal, variety meats and by-products, brain, cooked, pan-fried</td> <td align="right">2120.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>9</td> <td><a href="http://www.cholesterolindiet.com/?cholesterolin=lamb" target="_blank"> Lamb</a>, variety meats and by-products, brain, cooked, braised</td> <td align="right">2043.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>10</td> <td>Egg, whole, dried, stabilized, glucose reduced</td> <td align="right">2017.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>11</td> <td>Beef, variety meats and by-products, brain, cooked, pan-fried</td> <td align="right">1995.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>12</td> <td>Egg, whole, dried</td> <td align="right">1715.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>13</td> <td>Veal, variety meats and by-products, brain, raw</td> <td align="right">1590.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>14</td> <td>Lamb, variety meats and by-products, brain, raw</td> <td align="right">1352.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>15</td> <td><a href="http://www.cholesterolindiet.com/?cholesterolin=egg" target="_blank"> Egg</a>, yolk, raw, fresh</td> <td align="right">1234.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>16</td> <td>Egg, yolk, raw, frozen</td> <td align="right">1075.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>17</td> <td>Egg, yolk, raw, frozen, sugared</td> <td align="right">959.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>18</td> <td>Egg, yolk, raw, frozen, salted</td> <td align="right">955.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>19</td> <td>Egg, turkey, whole, fresh, raw</td> <td align="right">933.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>20</td> <td>Egg, duck, whole, fresh, raw</td> <td align="right">884.00</td> </tr>
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<table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" id="table5" style="width: 445px;" summary="list of high cholesterol foods / high cholesterol food / high cholesterol diet"><tbody>
<tr> <th>Rank</th> <th>Cholesterol food sources</th> <th><b>Cholesterol content (mg/ 100 g edible food portion)</b></th> </tr>
<tr> <td>21</td> <td>Egg, goose, whole, fresh, raw</td> <td align="right">852.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>22</td> <td>Egg, quail, whole, fresh, raw</td> <td align="right">844.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>23</td> <td>Veal, variety meats and by-products, kidneys, cooked, braised</td> <td align="right">791.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>24</td> <td>Fish oil, herring</td> <td align="right">766.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>25</td> <td>Beef, variety meats and by-products, kidneys, cooked, simmered</td> <td align="right">716.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>26</td> <td>Fish oil, sardine</td> <td align="right">710.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>27</td> <td><a href="http://www.cholesterolindiet.com/?cholesterolin=fish" target="_blank"> Fish</a>, caviar, black and red, granular</td> <td align="right">588.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>28</td> <td>Egg substitute, powder</td> <td align="right">572.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>29</td> <td>Fish oil, cod liver</td> <td align="right">570.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>30</td> <td>Lamb, variety meats and by-products, kidneys, cooked, braised</td> <td align="right">565.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>31</td> <td><a href="http://www.cholesterolindiet.com/?cholesterolin=chicken" target="_blank"> Chicken</a>, liver, all classes, cooked, pan-fried</td> <td align="right">564.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>32</td> <td>Chicken, liver, all classes, cooked, simmered</td> <td align="right">563.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>33</td> <td>Fish oil, menhaden</td> <td align="right">521.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>34</td> <td><a href="http://www.cholesterolindiet.com/?cholesterolin=duck"> Duck</a>, domesticated, liver, raw</td> <td align="right">515.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>35</td> <td>Goose, liver, raw</td> <td align="right">515.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>36</td> <td>Veal, variety meats and by-products, liver, cooked, braised</td> <td align="right">511.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>37</td> <td>Pork, fresh, variety meats and by-products, spleen, cooked, braised</td> <td align="right">504.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>38</td> <td>Lamb, variety meats and by-products, liver, cooked, braised</td> <td align="right">501.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>39</td> <td>Fish oil, menhaden, fully hydrogenated</td> <td align="right">500.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>40</td> <td>Lamb, variety meats and by-products, liver, cooked, pan-fried</td> <td align="right">493.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>41</td> <td><a href="http://www.cholesterolindiet.com/?cholesterolin=fish%20oil" target="_blank"> Fish oil</a>, salmon</td> <td align="right">485.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>42</td> <td>Veal, variety meats and by-products, liver, cooked, pan-fried</td> <td align="right">485.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>43</td> <td>Pork, fresh, variety meats and by-products, kidneys, cooked, braised</td> <td align="right">480.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>44</td> <td>Fish, roe, mixed species, cooked, dry heat</td> <td align="right">479.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>45</td> <td>Egg, whole, cooked, fried</td> <td align="right">457.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>46</td> <td>Veal, variety meats and by-products, spleen, cooked, braised</td> <td align="right">447.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>47</td> <td>Chicken, broilers or fryers, giblets, cooked, fried</td> <td align="right">446.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>48</td> <td>Chicken, broilers or fryers, giblets, cooked, simmered</td> <td align="right">442.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>49</td> <td>Fish, whitefish, eggs (Alaska Native)</td> <td align="right">439.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>50</td> <td>Chicken, capons, giblets, cooked, simmered</td> <td align="right">434.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>51</td> <td>Egg, whole, raw, frozen</td> <td align="right">432.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>52</td> <td>McDONALD'S, Scrambled Eggs</td> <td align="right">427.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>53</td> <td>Fast foods, egg, scrambled</td> <td align="right">426.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>54</td> <td>Egg, whole, cooked, hard-boiled</td> <td align="right">424.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>55</td> <td>Egg, whole, raw, fresh</td> <td align="right">423.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>56</td> <td>Egg, whole, cooked, poached</td> <td align="right">422.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>57</td> <td>Beef, variety meats and by-products, kidneys, raw</td> <td align="right">411.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>58</td> <td>Lamb, variety meats and by-products, pancreas, cooked, braised</td> <td align="right">400.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>59</td> <td>Beef, variety meats and by-products, liver, cooked, braised</td> <td align="right">396.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>60</td> <td>Pate, chicken liver, canned</td> <td align="right">391.00</td> </tr>
</tbody></table><br />
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<table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" id="table6" style="width: 445px;" summary="list of high cholesterol foods / high cholesterol food / high cholesterol diet"><tbody>
<tr> <th>Rank</th> <th>Cholesterol food sources</th> <th><b>Cholesterol content (mg/ 100 g edible food portion)</b></th> </tr>
<tr> <td>61</td> <td>Moose, liver, braised (Alaska Native)</td> <td align="right">389.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>62</td> <td>Turkey, liver, all classes, cooked, simmered</td> <td align="right">388.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>63</td> <td>Pork, fresh, variety meats and by-products, lungs, cooked, braised</td> <td align="right">387.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>64</td> <td>Lamb, variety meats and by-products, spleen, cooked, braised</td> <td align="right">385.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>65</td> <td>Beef, variety meats and by-products, liver, cooked, pan-fried</td> <td align="right">381.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>66</td> <td>Fish, roe, mixed species, raw</td> <td align="right">374.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>67</td> <td>Lamb, variety meats and by-products, liver, raw</td> <td align="right">371.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>68</td> <td>Chicken, gizzard, all classes, cooked, simmered</td> <td align="right">370.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>69</td> <td>Veal, variety meats and by-products, kidneys, raw</td> <td align="right">364.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>70</td> <td>Pork, fresh, variety meats and by-products, spleen, raw</td> <td align="right">363.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>71</td> <td>Chicken, roasting, giblets, cooked, simmered</td> <td align="right">357.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>72</td> <td>Egg, whole, cooked, omelet</td> <td align="right">356.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>73</td> <td>Chicken, stewing, giblets, cooked, simmered</td> <td align="right">355.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>74</td> <td>Pork, fresh, variety meats and by-products, liver, cooked, braised</td> <td align="right">355.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>75</td> <td>Egg, whole, cooked, scrambled</td> <td align="right">352.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>76</td> <td>Veal, variety meats and by-products, thymus, cooked, braised</td> <td align="right">350.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>77</td> <td>Beef, variety meats and by-products, spleen, cooked, braised</td> <td align="right">347.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>78</td> <td>Chicken, liver, all classes, raw</td> <td align="right">345.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>79</td> <td>Veal, variety meats and by-products, spleen, raw</td> <td align="right">340.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>80</td> <td>Lamb, variety meats and by-products, kidneys, raw</td> <td align="right">337.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>81</td> <td>Veal, variety meats and by-products, liver, raw</td> <td align="right">334.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>82</td> <td>Turkey, liver, all classes, raw</td> <td align="right">331.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>83</td> <td>Pork, fresh, variety meats and by-products, lungs, raw</td> <td align="right">320.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>84</td> <td>Pork, fresh, variety meats and by-products, kidneys, raw</td> <td align="right">319.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>85</td> <td>Pork, fresh, variety meats and by-products, stomach, cooked, simmered</td> <td align="right">316.00</td> </tr>
</tbody></table><br />
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</div><table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" id="table7" style="width: 445px;" summary="list of high cholesterol foods / high cholesterol food / high cholesterol diet"><tbody>
<tr> <th>Rank</th> <th>Cholesterol food sources</th> <th><b>Cholesterol content (mg/ 100 g edible food portion)</b></th> </tr>
<tr> <td>86</td> <td>Pork, fresh, variety meats and by-products, pancreas, cooked, braised</td> <td align="right">315.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>87</td> <td>Pork, fresh, variety meats and by-products, liver, raw</td> <td align="right">301.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>88</td> <td>Beef, variety meats and by-products, thymus, cooked, braised</td> <td align="right">294.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>89</td> <td>Chicken, capons, giblets, raw</td> <td align="right">292.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>90</td> <td>Turkey, all classes, giblets, cooked, simmered, some giblet fat</td> <td align="right">289.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>91</td> <td>Lamb, variety meats and by-products, lungs, cooked, braised</td> <td align="right">284.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>92</td> <td>Turkey, all classes, giblets, raw</td> <td align="right">282.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>93</td> <td><a href="http://www.cholesterolindiet.com/?cholesterolin=pork" target="_blank"> Pork</a>, fresh, variety meats and by-products, chitterlings, cooked, simmered</td> <td align="right">277.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>94</td> <td>Beef, variety meats and by-products, lungs, cooked, braised</td> <td align="right">277.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>95</td> <td>Beef, variety meats and by-products, liver, raw</td> <td align="right">275.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>96</td> <td>Fish, whitefish, dried (Alaska Native)</td> <td align="right">266.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>97</td> <td><a href="http://www.cholesterolindiet.com/?cholesterolin=beef" target="_blank"> Beef</a>, variety meats and by-products, spleen, raw</td> <td align="right">263.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>98</td> <td>Veal, variety meats and by-products, lungs, cooked, braised</td> <td align="right">263.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>99</td> <td>Chicken, broilers or fryers, giblets, raw</td> <td align="right">262.00</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>100</td> <td>Beef, variety meats and by-products, pancreas, cooked, braised</td> <td align="right">262.00</td> </tr>
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Cholesterol in foods related articles:<br />
Foods that help lower cholesterol: <a href="http://www.dietaryfiberfood.com/cholesterol-low.php" target="_blank"> Phytosterol content in food</a> <br />
To avoid high cholesterol in food: </span> <a href="http://www.dietaryfiberfood.com/cholesterol-free.php" target="_blank"> <span style="font-size: xx-small;">Cholesterol free foods</span></a><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Fat content of foods related articles:<br />
<a href="http://www.dietaryfiberfood.com/fat-saturated.php" target="_blank"> List of foods high in saturated and total fat</a> <br />
</span> <a href="http://www.dietaryfiberfood.com/fats/omega-3-fatty-acid-epa-high-foods.php" target="_blank"> <span style="font-size: xx-small;">List of foods high in omega 3 fatty acids (unsaturated fat)</span></a><br />
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<b>Sources:</b><br />
<ul><li><span style="font-size: xx-small;">High cholesterol foods list source: <a href="http://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/publications.htm?seq_no_115=214178" target="_blank"> USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 20 (2007)</a>.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Fielding CJ, Havel RJ, Todd KM, Yeo KE, Schloetter MC, Weinberg V, Frost PH. 1995. <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7860745" target="_blank"> Effects of dietary cholesterol and fat saturation on plasma lipoproteins in an ethnically diverse population of healthy young men</a>. J Clin Invest 95:611–618.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Ros E. 2000. <a href="http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0021915000004561"> Intestinal absorption of triglyceride and cholesterol. Dietary and pharmacological inhibition to reduce cardiovascular risk.</a> Atherosclerosis 151:357–379.</span></li>
</ul><br />
<a href="http://www.dietaryfiberfood.com/cholesterol-high-avoid/Page-1.php"> <span style="font-size: xx-small;"> http://www.dietaryfiberfood.com/cholesterol-high-avoid/Page-1.php</span></a> </td> </tr>
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</div>Bambang Puryantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11561929982352308329noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4883520132502124.post-57637258172411214602011-06-07T07:46:00.000-07:002011-06-10T16:45:08.685-07:00Diabetes Mellitus - 糖尿病 - Kencing Manis<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><h1>Diabetes Mellitus - 糖尿病 - Kencing Manis</h1><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJyi01wCu_hz0F7JHX_O75RgpQgH9VWeB-Y1Qp7U0NEQOVFRNTEX3y-5eANDzz2i8f_caleNSs3lLhId7Urxn37250000unhFdNqAWlkux4C8Mqm99gHbQWJzm8e4XHALpBqgM0cnVpBs/s1600/diabetes+control.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="317" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJyi01wCu_hz0F7JHX_O75RgpQgH9VWeB-Y1Qp7U0NEQOVFRNTEX3y-5eANDzz2i8f_caleNSs3lLhId7Urxn37250000unhFdNqAWlkux4C8Mqm99gHbQWJzm8e4XHALpBqgM0cnVpBs/s400/diabetes+control.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br />
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<div style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.f-buzz.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/08/diabetes_symptoms.gif"><img alt="http://www.f-buzz.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/08/diabetes_symptoms.gif" height="400" src="http://www.f-buzz.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/08/diabetes_symptoms.gif" width="284" /></a></div><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">Penyakit Diabetes Mellitus (DM) merupakan penyakit degeneratif yang memerlukan upaya penanganan yang tepat dan serius. Karena jika tidak, dampak dari penyakit tersebut akan membawa berbagai komplikasi penyakit serius lainnya, seperti penyakit <a href="http://www.f-buzz.com/2008/07/19/mengurangi-serangan-jantung-dengan-tidur-siang/" title="Mengurangi Serangan Jantung Dengan Tidur Siang">jantung</a>, stroke, <a href="http://www.f-buzz.com/2008/06/14/gangguan-fungsi-seksual-pria/" title="Gangguan Fungsi Seksual Pria">disfungsi ereksi</a>, gagal ginjal, kerusakan system syaraf dan penyakit lainnya. </div><br />
<a href="http://www.f-buzz.com/2008/08/04/serba-serbi-diabetes-mellitus/"> <span style="font-size: xx-small;">http://www.f-buzz.com/2008/08/04/serba-serbi-diabetes-mellitus/</span></a><span style="font-size: xx-small;"> </span></td> </tr>
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<div align="center"><table background="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEy2sReccgydABG9B8xcJLraLs6EZ5SCc8gPEZ44hiMMAjNahYM2OJOHW2Ze9uhRabod1bWRzeoMbVBFsY6BNstswXVmv8zl7G8RoV1K490UWkuT6y-ia6rFshqpB2xIaMfnYnkyg2qtI/s1600/batik2.png" bgcolor="#FFFFCC" border="0" id="table2"><tbody>
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<div style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/Main_symptoms_of_diabetes.png"> <img alt="File:Main symptoms of diabetes.png" height="400" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/Main_symptoms_of_diabetes.png" width="361" /></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><b>Overview of the most significant symptoms of diabetes.</b></div><br />
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<div align="justify"><b>Diabetes mellitus</b>, often simply referred to as <b> diabetes</b>—is a group of metabolic diseases in which a person has high <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_sugar" title="Blood sugar"> blood sugar</a>, either because the body does not produce enough <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulin" title="Insulin"> insulin</a>, or because cells do not respond to the insulin that is produced. This high blood sugar produces the classical symptoms of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyuria" title="Polyuria"> polyuria</a> (frequent urination), <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polydipsia" title="Polydipsia"> polydipsia</a> (increased thirst) and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyphagia" title="Polyphagia"> polyphagia</a> (increased hunger).</div><div align="justify">There are three main types of diabetes:</div><ul style="text-align: justify;"><li> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus_type_1" title="Diabetes mellitus type 1"> Type 1 diabetes</a>: results from the body's failure to produce insulin, and presently requires the person to inject insulin. (Also referred to as <i> insulin-dependent</i> diabetes mellitus, <i>IDDM</i> for short, and <i> juvenile</i> diabetes.)</li>
<li> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus_type_2" title="Diabetes mellitus type 2"> Type 2 diabetes</a>: results from <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulin_resistance" title="Insulin resistance"> insulin resistance</a>, a condition in which cells fail to use insulin properly, sometimes combined with an absolute insulin deficiency. (Formerly referred to as <i>non-insulin-dependent</i> diabetes mellitus, <i>NIDDM</i> for short, and <i>adult-onset</i> diabetes.)</li>
<li> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gestational_diabetes" title="Gestational diabetes"> Gestational diabetes</a>: is when pregnant women, who have never had diabetes before, have a high blood glucose level during pregnancy. It may precede development of type 2 DM.</li>
</ul><div align="justify">Other forms of diabetes mellitus include congenital diabetes, which is due to genetic defects of insulin secretion, cystic fibrosis-related diabetes, steroid diabetes induced by high doses of glucocorticoids, and several forms of <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MODY" title="MODY"> monogenic diabetes</a>.</div><div align="justify">All forms of diabetes have been treatable since <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulin" title="Insulin"> insulin</a> became available in 1921, and type 2 diabetes may be controlled with medications. Both type 1 and 2 are <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronic" title="Chronic"> chronic</a> conditions that usually cannot be cured. <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pancreas_transplant" title="Pancreas transplant"> Pancreas transplants</a> have been tried with limited success in type 1 DM; <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gastric_bypass_surgery" title="Gastric bypass surgery"> gastric bypass surgery</a> has been successful in many with <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morbid_obesity" title="Morbid obesity"> morbid obesity</a> and type 2 DM. Gestational diabetes usually resolves after delivery. Diabetes without proper treatments can cause many complications. <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_%28medical%2529" title="Acute (medical)"> Acute</a> complications include <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypoglycemia" title="Hypoglycemia"> hypoglycemia</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetic_ketoacidosis" title="Diabetic ketoacidosis"> diabetic ketoacidosis</a>, or <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonketotic_hyperosmolar_coma" title="Nonketotic hyperosmolar coma"> nonketotic hyperosmolar coma</a>. Serious long-term complications include <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiovascular_disease" title="Cardiovascular disease"> cardiovascular disease</a>, <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronic_renal_failure" title="Chronic renal failure"> chronic renal failure</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetic_retinopathy" title="Diabetic retinopathy"> retinal damage</a>. Adequate treatment of diabetes is thus important, as well as <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_pressure" title="Blood pressure"> blood pressure</a> control and lifestyle factors such as <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobacco_smoking" title="Tobacco smoking"> smoking</a> cessation and maintaining a healthy <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_weight" title="Human weight"> body weight</a>.</div><div align="justify">As of 2000 at least 171 million people worldwide suffer from diabetes, or 2.8% of the population.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Wild2004_1-0"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus#cite_note-Wild2004-1">[2]</a></sup> Type 2 diabetes is by far the most common, affecting 90 to 95% of the U.S. diabetes population.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus#cite_note-2">[3]</a></sup></div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"> http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus</span></a></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;" width="990"><div style="text-align: center;"></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/Blue_circle_for_diabetes.svg"> <img alt="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Blue_circle_for_diabetes.svg/500px-Blue_circle_for_diabetes.svg.png" height="400" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Blue_circle_for_diabetes.svg/500px-Blue_circle_for_diabetes.svg.png" width="400" /></a></div><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">Universal blue circle symbol for diabetes.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-0"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus#cite_note-0">[1]</a></sup></div></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;" width="990"><div style="text-align: center;"></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/58/World_Diabetes_Day_logo.svg"> <img alt="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/World_Diabetes_Day_logo.svg/500px-World_Diabetes_Day_logo.svg.png" height="278" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/World_Diabetes_Day_logo.svg/500px-World_Diabetes_Day_logo.svg.png" width="400" /></a></div><br />
<div align="justify"><b>World Diabetes Day</b> is the primary global awareness campaign of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus" title="Diabetes mellitus"> diabetes mellitus</a> world and is held on November 14 of each year. It was introduced in 1991 by the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Diabetes_Federation" title="International Diabetes Federation"> International Diabetes Federation</a> and the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Health_Organization" title="World Health Organization"> World Health Organization</a> in response to the alarming rise of diabetes around the world. World Diabetes Day is a campaign that features a new theme chosen by the International Diabetes Federation each year to address issues facing the global diabetes community. While the campaigns last the whole year, the day itself marks the birthday of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Banting" title="Frederick Banting"> Frederick Banting</a> who, along with <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Herbert_Best" title="Charles Herbert Best"> Charles Best</a>, first conceived the idea which led to the discovery of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulin" title="Insulin"> insulin</a> in 1922.</div><div align="justify">Each year, World Diabetes Day is centred on a theme related to diabetes. Topics covered have included diabetes and human rights, diabetes and lifestyle, diabetes and obesity, diabetes in the disadvantaged and the vulnerable, and diabetes in children and adolescents.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-WDD_prevcamp_0-0"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Diabetes_Day#cite_note-WDD_prevcamp-0">[1]</a></sup></div><div align="justify">For 2009–2013, the theme is Diabetes Education and Prevention.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-WDD_eduprev_1-0"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Diabetes_Day#cite_note-WDD_eduprev-1">[2]</a></sup></div><br />
<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Diabetes_Day"> <span style="font-size: xx-small;">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Diabetes_Day</span></a><br />
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<h1><span style="color: teal; font-family: Calibri;">10 Tanaman Ajaib Penurun Kadar Gula Darah</span></h1><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div style="padding-left: 5px;"><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: x-small;"><b>KapanLagi.com</b> <br />
- Anda penderita Diabetes? Jika kadar gula darah Anda bermasalah, tak ada salahnya mencoba 10 bahan berikut yang membantu menurunkan gula darah, meningkatkan sensitifitas insulin, menurunkan tekanan darah tinggi dan kolesterol, dan beberapa manfaat lain. </span></div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: x-small;">1. <b>Gymnema sylvestre</b><br />
<br />
Fungsi utama: Menurunkan gula darah<br />
<br />
Dosis umum: 200 - 250 miligram per hari. </span></div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: x-small;">Nama Hindi tumbuhan ini berarti 'penghancur gula', dan tanaman ini dikatakan memiliki kemampuan untuk menurunkan kemampuan mendeteksi rasa manis. Tanaman ini dianggap sebagai tanaman paling kuat untuk mengendalikan gula darah. Kemungkinan besar, cara kerjanya adalah dengan meningkatkan aktivitas enzim yang membantu sel tubuh untuk menggunakan glukosa atau dengan merangsang produksi insulin. Walaupun belum ada penelitian intensif, tapi belum ditemukan adanya efek samping serius untuk penggunaan tanaman ini.</span></div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: x-small;">2. <b>Pare (Momordica charantia)</b><br />
<br />
Fungsi utama: Menurunkan gula darah<br />
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Dosis umum: 50 - 100 mililiter (3-6 sdm) jus per hari. </span></div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: x-small;">Pare yang pahit ini dianggap mampu membantu sel menggunakan glukosa secara lebih efektif dan meredam penyerapan gula di dalam usus. Para peneliti di Filipina yang meneliti konsumsi pare kepada pria dan wanita dalam bentuk kapsul selama 3 bulan menemukan adanya penurunan gula darah, walaupun sedikit, tetapi konstan. Permasalahan yang muncul adalah masalah pencernaan, tapi tidak jelas apa.</span></div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: x-small;">3. <b>Magnesium</b><br />
<br />
Fungsi utama: Menurunkan gula darah<br />
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Dosis umum: 250 - 350 miligram per hari. </span></div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: x-small;">Kekurangan magnesium tidak jarang ditemui sebagai salah satu penyebab diabetes, bahkan gejala ini memperburuk kondisi gula darah dan resistansi insulin. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suplemen magnesium dapat memperbaiki fungsi insulin dan menurunkan gula darah. Coba konsultasikan dengan dokter Anda sebelum mengkonsumsi insulin.</span></div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: x-small;">4. <b>Prickly Pear Cactus</b> (Daging buah kaktus) (Opuntia sp.)<br />
<br />
Fungsi utama: Menurunkan gula darah<br />
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Dosis umum: jika dikonsumsi sebagai makanan, 150 gram rebusan kaktus per hari. </span></div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: x-small;">Buah matang dari kaktus ini mampu menurunkan kadar gula darah dalam tubuh. Bentuk yang bisa ditemui adalah dalam bentuk buah, atau jus, atau bubuk. Para peneliti menemukan bahwa buah ini menurunkan kadar gula darah karena adanya komponen yang mirip dengan insulin. Buah ini juga tinggi kadar seratnya.</span></div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: x-small;">5. <b>Gamma-Linolenic Acid</b> (Asam Linoleat Gamma)<br />
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Fungsi utama: Mengurangi sakit saraf<br />
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Dosis umum: 270 - 540 milligrams sekali per hari. <i> </i></span></div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: x-small;"><i>Asam Linoleat Gamma</i>, atau GLA adalah asam lemak yang ditemukan dalam minyak bunga <i>evening primrose</i>. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penderita diabetes adalah orang yang memiliki level GLA rendah dalam darah, dan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suplemen ini dapat menurunkan, bahkan mencegah sakit di saraf yang muncul akibat diabetes.</span></div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: x-small;">6. <b>Chromium</b> (Krom)<br />
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Fungsi utama: Menurunkan kadar gula<br />
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Dosis umum: 200 mikrogram per hari.</span></div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: x-small;">Mineral ini dianggap mampu meningkatkan kinerja insulin dan terlibat juga dalam metabolisme karbohidrat, lemak dan protein. Beberapa penelituan menunjukkan bahwa mineral ini membantu menurunkan gula darah, tapi hanya untuk mereka yang memang kekurangan krom.</span></div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: x-small;">7. <b>Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus)</b><br />
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Fungsi utama: Melindungi mata dan syaraf<br />
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Dosis umum: 80-120 miligram standar billberry extract per hari. <br />
</span></div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: x-small;">Saudara blueberry ini memiliki antioksidan kuat dalam buah dan daunnya. Antioksidan yang dinamai <i>antosianidin</i> ini, membantu mencegah kerusakan sel darah kecil yang dapat merusak saraf dan retina mata. Penelitian terhadap hewan menunjukkan adanya penurunan gula darah juga akibat konsumsi buah </span></div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: x-small;">8. <b>Alpha-Lipoic Acid</b> (Asam Alpha Lopoic)<br />
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Fungsi utama: Mengurangi rasa sakit syaraf, dan menurunkan kadar gula darah<br />
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Dosis umum: 600-800 miligram per hari.<br />
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Disingkat ALA, bahan yang mirip vitamin ini menetralkan berbagai radikal bebas. Pembentukan radikal bebas adalah salah satu faktor peningkatan gula darah, dapat membuat kerusakan saraf dan berbagai masalah lain. ALA jg mampu membantu sel otot untuk menyerap gula darah. Di salah satu penelitian di Jerman, sekelompok peneliti memerika 40 orang dewasa yang mengkonsumsi ALA dan placebo. Di akhir studi selama 4 minggu, ditemukan bahwa ALA meningkatkan sensitifitas insulin sebanyak 27 persen.</span></div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: x-small;">9. <b>Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum)</b><br />
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Fungsi utama: Menurunkan gula darah<br />
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Dosis umum: 5 sampai 30 gram setuap makan, atau 15 sampai 90 gr per hari. Biji-bijian yang digunakan sebagai bumbu masakan India ini mampu menurunkan tekanan darah, meningkatkan sensitifitas insulin, dan menurunkan kolesterol, menurut beberapa penelitian. Efek ini mungkin timbul karena tingginya kadar serat. Bijinya jg mengandung asam amino yang meningkatkan produksi insulin. Di salah satu penelitian terhadap fenugreek, 60 orang yang mengkonsumsi 25 gr bumbu ini menunjukkan peningkatan yang baik terhadap pengendalian gula darah.</span></div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: x-small;">10. <b>Ginseng (Panax ginseng)</b><br />
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Fungsi utama: Menurunkan gula darah<br />
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Dosis umum: 1-3 gram per hari dalam bentuk kapsul atau tablet, 3-5 mililiter dalam bentuk tincture 3kali sehari. Dikenal karena kemampuannya yang mendorong sistem kekebalan tubuh, ginseng ini memiliki beberapa hasil positif mengenai diabetes. Para peneliti menemukan bahwa ginseng memperlambat penyerapan karbohidrat, meningkatkan kemampuan sel dalam menyerap glukosa, dan meningkatkan pelepasan insulin dari pankreas. Ditemukan juga di Toronto dalam suatu penelitian, bahwa ginseng mampu menurunkan kadar gula sampai 15-20 persen.</span></div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: x-small;">Tak ada salahnya Anda mencoba suplemen alami tersebut, tapi ada baiknya konsultasikan dengan dokter Anda sebelum mengonsumsinya. Jika tidak ada perubahan setelah satu atau dua bulan, hentikan dan jangan buang-bunga lagi uang Anda. Salam sehat! <b>(kpl/wiedy/rit)</b> </span></div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: x-small;">Sumber : <a href="http://www.kapanlagi.com/a/0000005330.html" linkindex="1">http://www.kapanlagi.com/a/0000005330.html</a></span></div><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><a href="http://www.litbang.depkes.go.id/aktual/kliping/10tanaman.htm"><br />
<span style="font-size: xx-small;"><br />
http://www.litbang.depkes.go.id/aktual/kliping/10tanaman.htm</span></a><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><br />
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</div>Bambang Puryantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11561929982352308329noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4883520132502124.post-2380853535047194852011-06-06T11:52:00.000-07:002011-06-06T13:46:44.564-07:00KOPI REMPAH - SPICED COFFEE<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><h1><a href="http://miraculummundi.blogspot.com/2011/06/kopi-rempah-spiced-coffee.html">KOPI REMPAH - SPICED COFFEE</a></h1><br />
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><h3 class="entry-header">Spiced Coffee with Cinnamon </h3><div class="entry-content"><div>Recipe courtesy of Giada De Laurentiis<br />
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<u><b>Ingredients</b></u><b>:</b><br />
1 cup sugar<br />
¼ teaspoon ground allspice (Jamaica pepper; Pimenta dioica)<br />
¼ teaspoon ground cinnamon (Ceylon cinnamon; Cinnamomum verum)<br />
¼ teaspoon ground ginger (Jahe; Zingiber officinale)<br />
2 cups double strength brewed coffee (Giada's Blend)<br />
Vegan whipped cream (Available at health food stores like Whole Foods)<br />
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<b>Directions:</b><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">In a small saucepan, combine the sugar and ½ cup water. Bring to a boil over medium heat and reduce heat to low. Add the allspice, cinnamon, and ginger and simmer for 5 minutes, or until the sugar is dissolved.</div><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">Take the pan off the heat. Add 2 tablespoons of the spiced syrup to each cup of coffee and stir to combine. (Optional: Top each cup with a dollop of vegan whipped cream.) </div><div style="text-align: justify;">Dust with additional cinnamon and serve.</div><br />
Makes: 4 servings</div></div><br />
<a href="http://ellen.warnerbros.com/recipes/dessert/spiced_coffee_with_cinnamon.php"> <span style="font-size: xx-small;">http://ellen.warnerbros.com/recipes/dessert/spiced_coffee_with_cinnamon.php</span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><a href="http://imagethumbnails.milo.com/004/317/232/trimmed/4317287_4938232_trimmed.jpg"> <img alt="http://imagethumbnails.milo.com/004/317/232/trimmed/4317287_4938232_trimmed.jpg" height="200" src="http://imagethumbnails.milo.com/004/317/232/trimmed/4317287_4938232_trimmed.jpg" width="110" /></a><br />
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<a href="http://i.ehow.com/images/a07/pt/ba/brew-cinnamon-coffee-800x800.jpg"><img alt="http://i.ehow.com/images/a07/pt/ba/brew-cinnamon-coffee-800x800.jpg" height="200" src="http://i.ehow.com/images/a07/pt/ba/brew-cinnamon-coffee-800x800.jpg" width="133" /></a></td></tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><h1 class="firstHeading">五香咖啡</h1><div class="gumax-bodyContent" id="bodyContent"><br />
<ul><li>略微深焙的咖啡粉 (Slightly dark roasted coffee [咖啡] powder) 13g;</li>
<li>熱水 (hot water) 200cc;</li>
<li>桂皮粉少許 (A little cinnamon [桂皮] powder);</li>
<li>豆蔻粉少許 (A little cardamom [豆蔻] powder);</li>
<li>丁香粉少許 (A little clove [丁香] powder);</li>
<li>牙買加胡椒粉少許 (A little Jamaica Pepper [牙買加胡椒] powder);</li>
<li>砂糖 (Sugar) 10g;</li>
<li>加配的牛奶 (increase with Milk [牛奶]) 60cc。 </li>
</ul><br />
白釉沙鍋中放進咖啡粉、熱水、全部香料和砂糖,上火煮。一煮沸即刻端離火位,放置1分鐘左右。之後,將咖啡過濾到杯子裡,兌入加熱後的牛奶。 <br />
這是喜歡香料的人所青睞的飲料。該款咖啡英文名稱中的「Joe」是男子的愛稱。 </div><br />
<a href="http://104coffee.com/wiki/index.php?title=%E4%BA%94%E9%A6%99%E5%92%96%E5%95%A1&variant=zh-hant"> <span style="font-size: xx-small;"> http://104coffee.com/wiki/index.php?title=%E4%BA%94%E9%A6%99%E5%92%96%E5%95%A1&variant=zh-hant</span></a></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"></td> </tr>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0; margin-left: 5px; margin-right: 3px; margin-top: 0;"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><b>MASALA COFFEE (SPICED COFFEE)</b></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0; margin-left: 5px; margin-right: 3px; margin-top: 0;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">(makes 2 cups)</span></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0; margin-left: 5px; margin-right: 3px; margin-top: 0;"></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0; margin-left: 5px; margin-right: 3px; margin-top: 0;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">1 cup water</span></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0; margin-left: 5px; margin-right: 3px; margin-top: 0;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">1 cup milk</span></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0; margin-left: 5px; margin-right: 3px; margin-top: 0;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">1 cinnamon stick (1 inch long)</span></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0; margin-left: 5px; margin-right: 3px; margin-top: 0;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">4 cardamom pods</span></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0; margin-left: 5px; margin-right: 3px; margin-top: 0;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">2 tbsp coffee, regular grind</span></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0; margin-left: 5px; margin-right: 3px; margin-top: 0;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">sugar (optional)</span></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0; margin-left: 5px; margin-right: 3px; margin-top: 0;"><br />
</div><ul><li> <div style="margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">Boil water and milk together in saucepan.</span> </div></li>
<li> <div style="margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">Add cinnamon stick and cardamom pot into boiling liquid.</span> </div></li>
<li> <div style="margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">Boil over medium heat 1 minute.</span> </div></li>
<li> <div style="margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">Add grind coffee and boil 3 minutes. Make sure it does not boil over</span> </div></li>
<li> <div style="margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">Strain coffee through cheesecloth into another pan.</span> </div></li>
<li> <div style="margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">Serve immediately.</span> </div></li>
</ul><br />
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<a href="http://www.indianfoodsite.com/beverages_coffee_with_indian_spices.htm"> <span style="font-size: xx-small;"> http://www.indianfoodsite.com/beverages_coffee_with_indian_spices.htm</span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><a href="http://[masala+coffee+spiced+coffee.jpg]/"><img alt="[Masala+Coffee+Spiced+Coffee.jpg]" border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyYpccylelH8Ag3CmTUkg1CXbD6JogB1C29whylfOUbexgenqWTBB0Ku9VCoJ4DYfldul8suA84KGUkt2sONtZXC4IRcHBkH8hE9cl7FYBre9mcdonLdoWFaeOwUF97pI2GNx4uNHADQ/s200/Masala+Coffee+Spiced+Coffee.jpg" width="200" /></a><br />
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<div align="center"><table background="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEy2sReccgydABG9B8xcJLraLs6EZ5SCc8gPEZ44hiMMAjNahYM2OJOHW2Ze9uhRabod1bWRzeoMbVBFsY6BNstswXVmv8zl7G8RoV1K490UWkuT6y-ia6rFshqpB2xIaMfnYnkyg2qtI/s1600/batik2.png" bgcolor="#FFFFCC" border="0" id="table2"><tbody>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><h3 class="post-title entry-title">Mexican Spiced Coffee </h3><div class="post-header"><div class="post-header-line-1"></div></div><div class="post-body entry-content"><span style="color: blue;">Ingredients :</span><br />
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<ul><li>1/3 cup ground espresso or other dark roast coffee</li>
<li>3/4 teaspoon ground cinnamon</li>
<li>1/4 teaspoon ground nutmeg</li>
<li>3 cups water</li>
<li>1 tablespoon orange juice</li>
<li>2 tablespoons SPLENDA(R) No Calorie Sweetener, Granulated</li>
</ul><br />
<span style="color: blue;">Cooking Directions :</span><br />
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<ol style="text-align: justify;"><li>Combine espresso, cinnamon, and nutmeg in coffee filter or in filter basket of an electric drip coffee maker.</li>
<li>Pour water into water reservoir of coffee maker.</li>
<li>Combine SPLENDA(R) Granulated Sweetener and orange juice in carafe of coffee maker; brew. Serve black or with milk and additional SPLENDA(R) Granulated Sweetener, if desired.</li>
</ol>Yield: 3 servings</div><br />
<br />
<a href="http://worldwide-recipes.blogspot.com/2010/01/mexican-spiced-coffee.html"> <span style="font-size: xx-small;"> http://worldwide-recipes.blogspot.com/2010/01/mexican-spiced-coffee.html</span></a><span style="font-size: xx-small;"> </span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><a href="http://asset3.wellmedia.ca/images/large/products/splenda-no-calorie-sweetener-gra_1204297884_LRG.jpg"> <img alt="http://asset3.wellmedia.ca/images/large/products/splenda-no-calorie-sweetener-gra_1204297884_LRG.jpg" height="200" src="http://asset3.wellmedia.ca/images/large/products/splenda-no-calorie-sweetener-gra_1204297884_LRG.jpg" width="180" /></a></td> </tr>
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<div align="center"><table background="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEy2sReccgydABG9B8xcJLraLs6EZ5SCc8gPEZ44hiMMAjNahYM2OJOHW2Ze9uhRabod1bWRzeoMbVBFsY6BNstswXVmv8zl7G8RoV1K490UWkuT6y-ia6rFshqpB2xIaMfnYnkyg2qtI/s1600/batik2.png" bgcolor="#FFFFCC" border="0" id="table2"><tbody>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><h1>Resep Kopi Rempah Madu</h1><br />
<div class="entry"><b>Bahan membuat Minuman Kopi Rempah Madu : </b> <br />
<ul><li>Kopi bubuk 2 sendok makan</li>
<li>Air 900 ml</li>
<li>Jahe gajah 3 cm, bakar, memarkan</li>
<li>Jahe emprit 2 cm, bakar, memarkan</li>
<li>Serai 2 batang, memarkan</li>
<li>Kapu laga 1 buah</li>
<li>Madu 100 ml (sesuai selera)</li>
</ul><b>Cara Membuat Minuman Penghangat Kopi Rempah Madu</b> :<br />
<ol style="text-align: justify;"><li>Campur air, jahe, serai dan kapulaga</li>
<li>Rebus diatas api sedang hingga mendidih</li>
<li>Seduh kopi dengan air rempah, aduk rata. rebus kembali campuran kopi di atas api kecil hingga tinggal setengah bagian. Angkat</li>
<li>Sajikan kopi rempah dengan madu.</li>
</ol><i>untuk 3 cangkir</i><br />
Sumber : tabloid Koki</div><br />
<span style="font-size: xx-small;"> <a href="http://www.resepkomplit.com/resep-kopi-rempah-madu.html"> http://www.resepkomplit.com/resep-kopi-rempah-madu.html</a></span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><a href="http://www.resepkomplit.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/kopi-rempah-madu1.jpg"><img alt="Reep membuat kopi rempah madu" class="alignright size-full wp-image-1820" height="176" src="http://www.resepkomplit.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/kopi-rempah-madu1.jpg" title="Reep membuat kopi rempah madu" width="200" /></a></td> </tr>
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<div align="center"><table background="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEy2sReccgydABG9B8xcJLraLs6EZ5SCc8gPEZ44hiMMAjNahYM2OJOHW2Ze9uhRabod1bWRzeoMbVBFsY6BNstswXVmv8zl7G8RoV1K490UWkuT6y-ia6rFshqpB2xIaMfnYnkyg2qtI/s1600/batik2.png" bgcolor="#FFFFCC" border="0" id="table2"><tbody>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><h1>Kopi Rempah (Kopi Herbal yang Melegenda)</h1><br />
<div class="entry"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="table4"><tbody>
<tr> <td colspan="2"><h3>Deskripsi : </h3></td> </tr>
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</div>Komposisi:<br />
<br />
<ul><li>Caesalpina Sappan</li>
<li>Zingiber Officinale</li>
<li>Ekstrak Coffe</li>
<li>Sugar</li>
</ul><br />
<div align="justify">Kopi Rempah merupakan minuman kombinasi dari beberapa rempah bumi Indonesia yang bermanfaat bagi kebugaran pria dan wanita. Diracik dari ekstrak kopi pilihan yang nikmat, dikombinasikan dengan rempah-rempah yang penuh manfaat bagi kebugaran pria dan wanita.<br />
<br />
Caesalpina Sappan alias secang adalah minuman kebugaran legendaris yang dahulu kala hanya dinikmati oleh kalangan kerajaan Mataram. Sedangkan Zingiberis officinale atau jahe merupakan rempah yang dikenal bermanfaat untuk menyegarkan, mencegah masuk angin dan menambah kebugaran tubuh.<br />
<br />
Legenda secang dan jahe merah kini dengan mudah bisa anda temukan dalam sebungkus Kopi Rempah. Praktis dan bermanfaat! </div><br />
<span style="font-size: xx-small;"> <a href="http://www.etalasemuslim.com/product_info.php?products_id=1159"> http://www.etalasemuslim.com/product_info.php?products_id=1159</a> </span><br />
<span style="font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.berkahherbal.com/kopi-rempah-produk"> http://www.berkahherbal.com/kopi-rempah-produk</a> </span><br />
<span style="font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://spiced-coffee.blogspot.com/"> http://spiced-coffee.blogspot.com/</a> </span><br />
<span style="font-size: xx-small;"> <a href="http://toko.almannacorp.com/648-kopi-rempah-griya-herbal.html"> http://toko.almannacorp.com/648-kopi-rempah-griya-herbal.html</a></span><br />
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</td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><a href="http://kaffahmedia.com/herbal/images/stories/kopi-rempah.gif"> <img alt="http://kaffahmedia.com/herbal/images/stories/kopi-rempah.gif" height="200" src="http://kaffahmedia.com/herbal/images/stories/kopi-rempah.gif" width="124" /></a></td> </tr>
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<div align="center"><table background="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEy2sReccgydABG9B8xcJLraLs6EZ5SCc8gPEZ44hiMMAjNahYM2OJOHW2Ze9uhRabod1bWRzeoMbVBFsY6BNstswXVmv8zl7G8RoV1K490UWkuT6y-ia6rFshqpB2xIaMfnYnkyg2qtI/s1600/batik2.png" bgcolor="#FFFFCC" border="0" id="table2"><tbody>
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<tr> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><h3 class="post-title entry-title">Kopi Rempah, Minuman Khas Bondowoso </h3><br />
<div class="post-body entry-content" id="post-body-3239965840900682447"><div style="text-align: justify;">Salah satu oleh-oleh yang perlu dicoba saat kita datang dan berlibur di kota Bondowoso adalah kopi rempah. Selain tape yg sudah menjadi trade mark Bondowoso, kopi rempah adalah minuman special dari kota yg sejuk ini. Kopi rempah adalah bubuk kopi yg diracik dgn beberapa bahan rempah seperti jahe, habbatussauda dan lain-lain. Rasa kopi rempah hampir mirip dengan kopi jahe namun lebih nikmat dengan adanya rasa gurih seakan-akan ada susu dan coklat didalamnya, padahal tidak.</div><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">Rasa kopi rempah yg pedas dan hangat, pas sekali sebagai teman saat santai dimalam hari atau pada waktu musim hujan. Kabarnya kopi ini juga bermanfaat untuk kesegaran badan dan menyembuhkan beberapa macam penyakit. Wah....keren juga ini kopi.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Kita bisa dapatkan kopi rempah di toko2 oleh-oleh di penjuru kota. Biasanya ada dua macam kemasan, kemasan karton dan kotak bambu/besek. harganya juga relatif tidak mahal. Untuk kemasan karton 100 gr biasa dijual antara 10.000-15.000 tergantung merk. Sedangkan kemasan besek dijual antara 5.000 - 7.500 rupiah.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Jadi, jangan lupa mencoba kopi rempah saat singgah di Bondowoso. Dijamin greenggg....hahahaha</div><br />
</div><span style="font-size: xx-small;"> <a href="http://wisata-bondowoso.blogspot.com/2009/12/kopi-rempah-minuman-khas-bondowoso.html"> http://wisata-bondowoso.blogspot.com/2009/12/kopi-rempah-minuman-khas-bondowoso.html</a> </span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOkY6tIXBRwjueIlfLdJiqpmx03-FcsMxXxQsyBLyVBGQdZvKES95e4N3DxUaLgCGI3VNdxsq3nmonaFgLBDSkWpBhFNSwYQqKlBxEOyij6sIVD3SDMv4WPELO-l5jui-4v8Z9484QCw/s320/Rempah.JPG"><img alt="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOkY6tIXBRwjueIlfLdJiqpmx03-FcsMxXxQsyBLyVBGQdZvKES95e4N3DxUaLgCGI3VNdxsq3nmonaFgLBDSkWpBhFNSwYQqKlBxEOyij6sIVD3SDMv4WPELO-l5jui-4v8Z9484QCw/s320/Rempah.JPG" height="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOkY6tIXBRwjueIlfLdJiqpmx03-FcsMxXxQsyBLyVBGQdZvKES95e4N3DxUaLgCGI3VNdxsq3nmonaFgLBDSkWpBhFNSwYQqKlBxEOyij6sIVD3SDMv4WPELO-l5jui-4v8Z9484QCw/s200/Rempah.JPG" width="200" /></a><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg34qLYs9NFrzNv0GuQhwd_fKdH91vwIFczMwovTxXImpPjnMyu5_c4wJ6k3iNrPc2MZxcgBIcXlY_CdlIZmvxv2Y2HO-BNJ72liMtJt_y74AzETaeAd8H2wOedFgCd2MDkr_TVmP336w/s320/Kopi+Rempah.jpg"><img alt="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg34qLYs9NFrzNv0GuQhwd_fKdH91vwIFczMwovTxXImpPjnMyu5_c4wJ6k3iNrPc2MZxcgBIcXlY_CdlIZmvxv2Y2HO-BNJ72liMtJt_y74AzETaeAd8H2wOedFgCd2MDkr_TVmP336w/s320/Kopi+Rempah.jpg" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg34qLYs9NFrzNv0GuQhwd_fKdH91vwIFczMwovTxXImpPjnMyu5_c4wJ6k3iNrPc2MZxcgBIcXlY_CdlIZmvxv2Y2HO-BNJ72liMtJt_y74AzETaeAd8H2wOedFgCd2MDkr_TVmP336w/s200/Kopi+Rempah.jpg" width="187" /></a></td> </tr>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><b>Habbatussauda</b> (<i>Nigella sativa</i> <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linnaeus" title="Linnaeus"> Linn.</a>) atau <b class="selflink">Jintan hitam (黑枯茗)</b> adalah <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rempah-rempah" title="Rempah-rempah"> rempah-rempah</a> yang dapat digunakan sebagai <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanaman" title="Tanaman"> tanaman</a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obat" title="Obat"> obat</a> <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-0"> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jintan_hitam#cite_note-0"> [1]</a></sup>. Rempah ini berbentuk butiran biji berwarna hitam yang telah dikenal ribuan tahun yang lalu dan digunakan secara luas oleh masyarakat <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/India" title="India"> India</a>, <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan"> Pakistan</a>, dan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timur_Tengah" title="Timur Tengah"> Timur Tengah</a> untuk mengobati berbagai macam <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penyakit" title="Penyakit"> penyakit</a>. Jenis tanaman ini telah disebut-sebut sebagai tanaman obat dalam perkembangan awal <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agama_Islam" title="Agama Islam"> agama Islam</a>.</span></div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><h2 style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Habbatussauda_dalam_sejarah_pengobatan">Habbatussauda dalam sejarah pengobatan</span></span></h2><div style="text-align: justify;">Habbatussauda banyak dikenal dengan berbagai nama, diantaranya black seed, black caraway, black seed, natura seed, jintan hitam, black cumin, nigella sativa, kaluduru, dll. Digunakan sebagai herbal pengobatan sejak 2000-3000 tahun sebelum Masehi dan tercatat dalam banyak literatur kuno mengenai ahli pengobatan terdahulu seperti <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibnu_Sina" title="Ibnu Sina">Ibnu Sina</a> (980 - 1037 M), dan Al-Biruni (973-1048 M), Al-Antiki, Ibnu Qayyim dan Al-Baghdadi. Ibnu Sina adalah peneliti jenius dari Timur Tengah di bidang pengobatan yang namanya tercatat di semua buku sejarah pengobatan timur maupun barat, hidup antara 980 - 1037 M, telah meneliti berbagai manfaat Habbatussauda untuk kesehatan dan pengobatan. Ahli pengobatan Yunani kuno, Dioscoredes, pada abad pertama Masehi juga telah mencatat manfaat habbatussauda untuk mengobati sakit kepala dan saluran pernafasan.</div><div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Orang Jawa sering menyebutnya, Jinten Ireng.</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><div align="justify"><br />
</div><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jintan_hitam"> http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jintan_hitam</a> </span></td> <td style="padding: 5.4pt;"><div class="thumb tleft"><div class="thumbinner" style="width: 202px;"><a class="image" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkas:Nigella_Sativa_Seed.jpg"> <img alt="" class="thumbimage" height="190" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Nigella_Sativa_Seed.jpg/200px-Nigella_Sativa_Seed.jpg" width="200" /></a> <br />
<div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a class="internal" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkas:Nigella_Sativa_Seed.jpg" title="Perbesar"> <img alt="" height="11" src="http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.17/common/images/magnify-clip.png" width="15" /></a></div>Biji jintan hitam</div></div></div><br />
<div style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/f/fenflo04-l.jpg"><img alt="http://www.botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/f/fenflo04-l.jpg" height="320" src="http://www.botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/f/fenflo04-l.jpg" width="217" /></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=4883520132502124&postID=238085353504719485" name="top"><b>Fennel Flower</b> <br />
<i>(Nigella sativa</i> LINN.) </a></span></div></td> </tr>
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</div>Bambang Puryantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11561929982352308329noreply@blogger.com0